IOSR-JBM   Volume-27 ~ Issue-9 ~ September 2025

Abstract: This article analyzes how the variations of the Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act, adopted by different states, represents a landmark instrument in the intersection of international law and human rights protection. This article examines the Act’s extraterritorial reach, focusing on its implications for both foreign and domestic actors implicated in human rights violations and corruption. By analyzing the legal framework established under the Act, including.....

Key Word: Human Rights Protection, Sovereignty, Jurisdiction, Extraterritoriality

[1]. CALINGAERT, Daniel. Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act: A Crucial Tool For U.S. Foreign Policy. Freedom House Executive Vice President Daniel Calingaert Testified Before The House Committee On Foreign Affairs Subcomittee On Africa And Global Health On The Importance Of The Global Magnitsky Act., Apr. 29, 2015. Freedom House, 2015. Available At:
Https://Freedomhouse.Org/Article/Global-Magnitsky-Human-Rights-Accountability-Act-Crucial-Tool-Us-Foreign-Policy. Accessed On: Aug. 13. 2025.
[2]. DJANKOV, Simeon; SU, Meng. Are U.S. Sanctions Off-Target: Evidence From The Magnitsky Act. Economics Letters, [S.L.], Financial Markets Group, London School Of Economics And Political Science, 2024. Available At:
Https://Www.Sciencedirect.Com/Science/Article/Pii/S0165176524003732. Accessed On: Aug. 21, 2025.
[3]. DUMAS, Maxence. The Protection Of Human Rights In The EU Sanction Mechanism: A New Hope With The Magnitsky Act. Global Campus Of Human Rights Europe / University Of Nottingham, 2020.
[4]. ECKES, Christina. EU Global Human Rights Sanctions Regime: Is The Genie Out Of The Bottle? Journal Of Contemporary European Studies, V. 30, N. 2, P. 255–269, 2022. Available At: Https://Www.Tandfonline.Com/Doi/Full/10.1080/14782804.2021.1965556. Accessed On: 29 Aug. 2025.
[5]. EUROPEAN UNION. Global Human Rights Sanctions: Mapping Magnitsky Laws: The US, Canadian, UK And EU Approach. Author: Martin Russell. Briefing, 16 Nov. 2021. Available At:

Abstract: Background: Este artigo analisa a aplicação da Gestão da Qualidade Total (GQT) no contexto da Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), destacando suas contribuições e desafios para o desenvolvimento educacional de Parintins. Materials and Methods: A pesquisa, de abordagem qualitativa, fundamentou-se em revisão bibliográfica, análise documental e estudo de caso institucional. Foram utilizados dados da Comissão Própria de Avaliação (CPA/UEA), bem como relatórios......

Key Word: Gestão da Qualidade Total; Educação Superior em Parintins; Universidade do Estado do Amazonas; IDHM – Educação; Desenvolvimento Regional

[1]. AHMED, Kazi Rumana Et Al. Effects Of A School-Based Physical Activity Intervention On Adolescents’ Mental Health: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal Of Physical Activity And Health, V. 20, N. 12, P. 1102-1108, 2023.
[2].
AMAZONAS. Lei Nº 129/02 De 29 De Outubro De 2002. Disponível Em: Https://Pdi.Uea.Edu.Br/Categoria.Php?Area=C12. Acesso Em: 16 De Fevereiro De 2025.
[3]. ANTÓNIO, Nelson Santos; TEIXEIRA, António; ROSA, A. Gestão Da Qualidade: De Deming Ao Modelo De Excelência Da EFQM. Lisboa: Edições Sílabo, 2007.
[4]. Atlas Do Desenvolvimento Humano No Brasil. Índice De Desenvolvimento Humano. 2020. Disponível Em:
Http://Www.Atlasbrasil.Org.Br/Acervo/Atlas. Acesso Em: 17 De Nov De 2024.
[5]. BAUER, Talya Et Al. Gestão De Recursos Humanos: Pessoas, Dados E Análise. Sage Publications, 2023

Abstract: Smart Grids represent a significant evolution in electric power systems, driven by the pursuit of greater efficiency, sustainability, and resilience, which increasingly rely on advanced communication technologies and artificial intelligence techniques. This article provides a comprehensive review addressing fundamental concepts, artificial intelligence models, practical applications, cybersecurity concerns, and the strategic role of AI in the development.....

Key Word: Smart Grid; Energy Transition; Artificial Intelligence; Machine Learning; Predictive Maintenance; Cybersecurity.

[1] D. I. Alvarez, F. González-Ladrón-De-Guevara, J. Rojas Espinoza, D. Borge-Diez, S. P. Galindo, And C. Flores-Vázquez, “The Evolution Of Ai Applications In The Energy System Transition: A Bibliometric Analysis Of Research Development, The Current State And Future Challenges,” Mar. 01, 2025, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Mdpi). Doi: 10.3390/En18061523.
[2] N. Almuratova, M. Mustafin, K. Gali, M. Zharkymbekova, D. Chnybayeva, And M. Sakitzhanov, “Enhancing Microgrid Resilience With Lstm And Fuzzy Logic For Predictive Maintenance,” Journal Of Operation And Automation In Power Engineering, Vol. 12, No. Special Issue, Pp. 7–15, 2024, Doi: 10.22098/Joape.2024.15909.2225.
[3] L. K. Mortensen, K. Sundsgaard, H. R. Shaker, J. Z. Hansen, And G. Yang, “Designing Digitally Enabled Proactive Maintenance Systems In Power Distribution Grids: A Scoping Literature Review,” Dec. 01, 2024, Elsevier Ltd. Doi: 10.1016/J.Egyr.2024.08.044.
[4] S. M. Bhat And A. Venkitaraman, “Strategic Integration Of Predictive Maintenance Plans To Improve Operational Efficiency Of Smart Grids,” In 2024 Ieee International Conference On Information Technology, Electronics And Intelligent Communication Systems, Iciteics 2024, Institute Of Electrical And Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024. Doi: 10.1109/Iciteics61368.2024.10624882.
[5] M. Elkholy, O. Shalash, M. S. Hamad, And M. S. Saraya, “Empowering The Grid: A Comprehensive Review Of Artificial Intelligence Techniques In Smart Grids,” In 2024 International Telecommunications Conference, Itc-Egypt 2024, Institute Of Electrical And Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024, Pp. 513–518. Doi: 10.1109/Itc-Egypt61547.2024.10620543

Abstract: This study investigates the relationship between board governance structures and corporate market valuation by examining Tobin's Q metrics across Indian Nifty Mid Cap Auto sector companies during 2020-2024. The mid-cap automotive segment faced unique operational challenges throughout the post-pandemic recovery phase, underscoring the crucial importance of effective governance mechanisms for sustained business performance.
Our research concentrates.....

Keywords: Corporate governance, Board composition, Firm valuation, Tobin's Q measurement, Mid-cap automotive sector, India, Women directors, Panel data analysis

[1]. Blanchard, O., & Summers, L.H. (1986). Tobin's Q And The Determinants Of Firm Performance. American Economic Review, 76(1), 78-90.
[2]. Carter, D.A., Simkins, B.J., & Simpson, W.G. (2003). The Influence Of Board Diversity On Corporate Governance: A Literature Review. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 11(3), 298-312.
[3]. De Villiers, C., Naiker, V., & Van Staden, C. (2011). The Effect Of Board Characteristics On Firm Environmental Performance. Journal Of Management, 37, 1636-1663.
[4]. García-Ramos, R., & García‐Olalla, M. (2011). Board Characteristics And Firm Performance In Public Founder- And Nonfounder-Led Family Businesses. Journal Of Family Business Strategy, 2, 220-231.
[5]. Gaur, S., Bathula, H., & Singh, D. (2015). Ownership Concentration, Board Characteristics, And Firm Performance Management Decision, 53, 911-931.