IOSR-JHSS   Volume-30 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2025

Abstract: The Political Participation of women is crucial for inclusive democratic political processes, where women have the autonomy to exercise their own political rights, such as the Right to contest elections, the Right to vote, freedom of speech and expression and participate in decision-making. Democratic principles call for political equality, which means that women must have a seat at the decision-making table and must be able to influence laws. Women’s political.....

Key Words: Tribal Women, Political Participation, Arunachal Pradesh

[1]. Elwin, Verrier (1965). Democracy In NEFA, T.Tada(Eds.), The Director Of Research, Arunachal Pradesh, Itanagar Publisher. Page-18
[2]. Bath, Nani (2003). Electoral Politics In Arunachal Pradesh A Study Of Voting Behaviour. Studies In Humanities And Social Sciences (SHSS) Vol.10.No.1 (2003), Indian Institute Of Advance Study, Shimla Publisher.
Http://14.139.58.199:8080/Jspui/Handle/123456789/4420?Mode=Full
[3]. Hina, Nabam Nakha (2012), Customary Laws Of The Nyishi Tribe Of Arunachal Pradesh, Authorspress Publisher, Delhi, Page-4
[4]. Gammeng, Nuki (2022), Status Of Women In Arunachal Pradesh Vis-A-Vis The Property Rights. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science. Https://Www.Iosrjournals.Org/Iosr- Jhss/Papers/Vol.27-Issue9/Ser-5/F2709054144.Pdf
[5]. Ramya, Tarh (2018), Political Empowernment Of Tribal Women In Arunachal Pradesh: An Urgent Need Of The Hour. In V.Singh (Eds.), Interrogating Women Empowerment: The Global Experience, Satyam Law International , New Delhi-110002 Publisher, India, Page-523-524.

Abstract:Background: The “Micro-Savings for Poverty Alleviation” project, implemented by the Small Farmers Development Foundation (SFDF), aims to improve the socio-economic conditions of rural households in Bangladesh through savings mobilization, microcredit support, training, and livelihood development. Although the project has demonstrated notable short-term improvements in income, assets, and living standards, questions remain regarding the consistency and long-term sustainability of these gains across beneficiaries. Understanding socio-economic progress and its determinants is therefore essential for evaluating project effectiveness. This study assesses......

Key Words: Micro-savings, SFDF, Socio-economic development, Beneficiaries

[1]. Asian Development Bank. 2019. Microfinance In Asia: Status, Challenges, And Opportunities. Manila: ADB.
[2]. Bangladesh Bank. 2021. Annual Report Of Microfinance Activities In Bangladesh. Dhaka: Bangladesh Bank.
[3]. Bangladesh Bank. 2022. Financial Inclusion And Microfinance Contributions To GDP. Dhaka: Bangladesh Bank.
[4]. Bangladesh Bureau Of Statistics. 2024. Household Income And Expenditure Survey (HIES 2024): Key Findings. Dhaka: Ministry Of Planning.
[5]. Bloor, M., Frankland, J., Thomas, M., & Robson, K. (2001). Focus Groups In Social Research. Sage. Braun, V., & Clarke, V. 2006. Using Thematic Analysis In Psychology. Qualitative Research In Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.

Abstract: Democratic governance hinges on three arms of government; the executive, legislative, and judiciary. The formation of government with the three branches is for the purpose of checks and balances of governance. This creates room for separation of powers in government. Separation of power allows each arm to limit the controls of the others. But no room is left for the participation of the civil service at this level of power....

[1]. Abiodun, T.E., Oyekanmi, A.B., Olayinka, R.I. & Oyewole, I.A. (2024). The Steve Oronsaye’s Report And The Viability Of Effective Public Service Reform In Nigeria. Journal Of Political Discourse, 2(1).
[2]. Agbo, S. A. (2025). Assessing The Role Of The EFCC In Crime Prevention In Nigeria. Irish International Journal Of Law, Political Sciences And Administration 9(02). Https://Aspjournals.Org/Journals/Index.Php/Iijlpsa/Index.
[3]. Agbodike, C.F., Osawe, O.C. & Igbokwe-Ibeto, C.J. (2015). The Civil Service And Democratic Governance In Nigeria: Issues, Prospects And New Hopes. Journal Of Research And Development 2(8).
[4]. Agboola, T. (2016). Service Compact And Service Delivery In Nigeria: An Empirical Study. Internal Journal Of Politics And Good Governance, VII (7.3).
[5]. Appleby, P. (1949). Policy And Administration. Albana: University Of Albana Press

Abstract: This study examines the contemporary dynamics of male migration from Bettiah, West Champaran, Bihar to Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, with particular attention to the role of informal recruitment networks and decision of this International migration particular Gulf region. Drawing on 2023–2025 fieldwork in Bettiah that combines semi-structured interviews, life-histories, and participant observation, the paper maps how local brokers, kinship chains, and digital platforms interact to shape migration.

Keywords: Labor migration, Chain Migration, Informal Brokers, Formal and informal institution

[1]. Boyd, M. (1989). Family And Personal Networks In International Migration. International Migration Review, 23(3), 638–670.
[2]. Deshingkar, P., & Akter, S. (2009). Migration And Human Development In India. UNDP Research Paper.
[3]. Gardner, K. (2012). Global Migrants, Local Lives. Oxford University Press.
[4]. Https://Www.Business-Standard.Com/India-News/Up-Bihar-Replace-Kerala-As-Top-Contributor-Of-Workforce-To-Gcc-Countries-123111700809_1.Html
[5]. Https://Www.Moneycontrol.Com/News/Business/50-Jump-In-Blue-Collar-Migration-From-India-To-Gulf-Countries-Up-Tops-Among-States-11760731.Html#Google_Vignette

Abstract: There was a proliferation of secular travel narratives in colonial period. Rabindranath Tagore and Swami Vivekananda traveled to various places around the same time, and that too to Western countries for which one had to cross the kalapani which was prohibited then. They have both documented their travels in their works. In this paper I have studied two such travel narratives, Letters from a Sojourner in Europe (2008) and Memoirs of European Travel (...

Key Words: Travel, Identity, culture, post-colonial theory, Rabindranath Tagore, Swami Vivekananda

[1]. Bhabha, Homi K. The Location Of Culture. Routledge, 1994.
[2]. Dutta, K And A. Robinson. Rabindranath Tagore: The Myriad-Minded Man, St, Martin’s Press. New York.1995.
[3]. Fanon Frantz. Black Skin, White Masks. Tr. By Charles Lam Markmann. Pluto Press.1952.
[4]. Fisher, Michael H. Counterflows To Colonialism: Indian Travellers And Settlers In Britain, 1600-1857. Permanent Black, Delhi, 2004.
[5]. Kämpchen, Martin, “Sourya O Samanwayer Barta: Swami Vivekananda” (In Bangla), Desh,Vol. 80. No. 5, Pp.57-60. 2013.

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic and India’s sudden nationwide lockdown on 24 March 2020 disproportionately affected India’s informal sector, particularly female domestic workers who faced job loss, income reduction, and limited access to healthcare and state support. This paper draws on telephonic interviews with five female domestic workers selected through purposive sampling during the pandemic. The interviews explored changes in employment, household dynamics, access to healthcare, and state support. Transcripts were manually analysed to identify major....

Key Words: COVID-19, Domestic workers, Informal sector, Gender, Livelihood insecurity, India, Social protection

[1]. Agarwal, B. (2021). Reflections On The Less Visible And Less Measured. Gender And Society, 35, 244-255.
[2]. Bhatt, E. (2006). We Are Poor But So Many. Oxford University Press.
[3]. Borah, B. (2019). Women’s Employment In North-East India : Trends And Patterns. In V. Xaxa, D. Saha, & R. Singha, Employment And Labour Market In North-East India (Pp. 102-147). New York: Routledge.
[4]. Breman, J. (1999). The Study Of Industrial Labour In Post-Colonial India—The Informal Sector: A Concluding Review. Contributions To Indian Sociology, 33(1-2), 407-431. Doi:Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/006996679903300117
[5]. Breman, J. (2020, October 30). The Pandemic In India And Its Impact On Footloose Labour. The Indian Journal Of Labour Economics, 901-919. Retrieved From Https://Link.Springer.Com/Article/10.1007%2Fs41027-020-00285-

Abstract: This study uses a multi-sited ethnography approach. It focuses on traditional crafts in Foshan. The research explores their innovative transformation and development paths in modern society. Fieldwork was conducted on representative crafts like Shiwan pottery, lion head making, and Xiangyunsha. The study uses a cultural gene perspective....

Key Words: Foshan Traditional Crafts, Multi-Sited Ethnography, Innovative Transformation, Cultural Genes, Productive Preservation

[1]. Chen,Anying.Considering Craftsmanship:A Brief Discussion On The “Mind-Hand-Thing” Relationship In The Age Of Artificial Intelligence. Minzu Yishu, 2025 (05): 12-20.
[2]. Chen,Jiale. Protection Pathways For Traditional Craftsmanship Knowledge. Special Zone Economy, 2023(11): 141-144.
[3]. Guo,Shanmin. The Living Inheritance Of Dong Traditional Craftsmanship And Rural Revitalization Practices. Cultural Industries, 2025( 28): 157-159.
[4]. Jiang,Keke, Xiong,Zhengxian. Inheritance And Innovation Of Traditional Handicrafts In Wuling Mountain Area: From The Perspective Of Craftsmanship Spirit. Journal Of Yangtze Normal University, 2023,39(02): 72-80.
[5]. Ju,Linxia. Cultural Re-Engineering Of Traditional Handicrafts.Chinese National Expo, 2024 (22): 31-33.

Abstract: In an age when artificial intelligence (AI) and digital technologies shape how individuals learn, communicate, and make decisions, education faces an urgent ethical challenge: preparing learners to use technology wisely, responsibly, and compassionately. This dissertation investigates how educational institutions can cultivate ethical digital citizenship - a form of digital participation grounded in awareness, responsibility, and moral reasoning.
The research...

Key Words: Ethical Digital Citizenship; AI Literacy; Digital Ethics; Moral Education; Responsible Technology Use

[1]. Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting On Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Qualitative Research In Sport, Exercise And Health, 11(4), 589–597. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
[2]. Buolamwini, J., & Gebru, T. (2018). Gender Shades: Intersectional Accuracy Disparities In Commercial Gender Classification. Proceedings Of Machine Learning Research, 81, 1–15.
[3]. Choi, M. (2016). A Concept Analysis Of Digital Citizenship For Democratic Education. Educational Technology Research And Development, 64(4), 611–634. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S11423- 016-9421-8
[4]. Choi, M., Glassman, M., & Cristol, D. (2017). What It Means To Be A Citizen In The Internet Age: Development Of A Reliable And Valid Digital Citizenship Scale. Computers & Education, 107, 100–112. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Compedu.2017.01.002
[5]. Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing And Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd Ed.). SAGE Publications.

Abstract: This study investigated the challenges that students often face in balancing work and study, as well as their impact on academic performance, in four higher institutions in Imo State, Nigeria. A mixed-methods (quantitative and qualitative) approach was employed. Six objectives were addressed, namely, the prevalence of work-study, socio-demographics of working students, academic performance, challenges, effects on academic performance,.....

Key Words: Work-Study-Life; Challenges; Coping Strategies; Academic Performance; Undergraduates; Imo State

[1]. Abdulraheem, I. (2014). The Changing Nature Of Work-Life Balance In Nigerian Higher Institutions. IOSR Journal Of Business And Management, 16(4), 61–66. Https://Www.Iosrjournals.Org
[2]. Adisa, T. A., Gbadamosi, G., & Adekoya, O. D. (2021). The Myth And The Reality Of Work-Life Balance In Nigeria. In Work-Life Interface (Pp. 127–153). Springer. Https://Link.Springer.Com
[3]. Afzal, H., Ali, I., Aslam Khan, M., & Hamid, K. (2010). A Study Of University Students’ Motivation And Its Relationship With Their Academic Performance. International Journal Of Business And Management, 5(4).Doi:10.5539/Ijbm.V5n4p80
[4]. Allen, T. D., Herst, D. E. L., Bruck, C. S., & Sutton, M. (2000). Consequences Associated With Work-To,UA0family Conflict: A Review And Agenda For Future Research. Journal Of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(2), 278–308.
Https://Doi.Org/10.1037/1076-8998.5.2.278
[5]. Alyami, A., Abdulwahed, A., Azhar, A., Binsaddik, A., & Bafaraj, S. (2021). Impact Of Time-Management On The Student’s Academic Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study. Creative Education, 12(3), 471–485. Https://Doi.Org/10.4236/Ce.2021.123033

Abstract: Resumo Este estudo, baseado em metodologia quantitativa e na análise dos dados do Relatório de Informações Penais (RELIPEN) da SENAPPEN, investigou as condições da população prisional feminina na Amazônia Legal. A análise evidenciou a predominância de mulheres negras com baixo nível educacional e o aumento significativo nos índices de homicídio e roubo qualificado, além do tráfico de drogas como crime majoritário. Destaca-se a relevância...

[1]. Armada, C. A. S.; Souza, M. C. S. A. Sustentabilidade: Um Olhar Multidimensional E Contemporâneo. Itajaí: Univali, 2018.
[2]. Balzan, N. B.; Freitas, V. P. Impacto Socioeconómicos Del Derecho Ambiental Em Brasil. Veredas Do Direito, Belo Horizonte, N. 21, 2024.
[3]. Barbieri, J. C. Desenvolvimento E Meio Ambiente: As Estratégias De Mudanças Na Agenda 21. Petrópolis: Vozes, 2000.
[4]. Bardin, L. Análise De Conteúdo. São Paulo: Edições 70 Brasil, 2016.
[5]. Barros, A. J. S.; Lehfeld, N. A. S. Fundamentos De Metodologia Científica. São Paulo: Pearson Hall, 2014.

Abstract: Sheela Tomy’s Valli is a landmark work in contemporary Malayalam literature that offers an immersive exploration of Adivasi identity, ecological history, and feminine strength within the culturally layered landscape of Wayanad. Through an interwoven narrative of myth, memory, ritual, and storytelling, the novel foregrounds Indigenous epistemologies often suppressed by dominant histories. This study examines how Valli constructs tribal identity.....

Key Words: Adivasi identity, ritual, storytelling, feminism, ecofeminism, Indigenous knowledge, myth, memory, Sheela Tomy.

[1]. Bird-David, Nurit. “ ‘Animism’ Revisited: Personhood, Environment, And Relational Epistemology.” Current Anthropology, Vol. 40, No. S1, 1999, Pp. S67–S91.
[2]. Blackburn, Stuart. Print, Folklore, And Nationalism In Colonial South India. Permanent Black, 2006.
[3]. Campbell, Joseph. The Power Of Myth. Anchor Books, 1991.
[4]. Devi, Mahasweta. Imaginary Maps: Three Stories. Translated By Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Routledge, 1995.
[5]. Durkheim, Emile. The Elementary Forms Of Religious Life. Translated By Karen E. Fields, Free Press, 1995.
[6]. Gandhi, Leela. Affective Communities: Anticolonial Thought, Fin-De-Siècle Radicalism, And The Politics Of Friendship. Duke UP, 2006.

Abstract: Resumo Este artigo analisa o papel da educação no processo de consolidação do Estado Novo (1937–1945), destacando como o regime varguista mobilizou a escola para difundir sua ideologia nacionalista, reforçar práticas autoritárias e promover mecanismos de controle social. A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica fundamentada em autores clássicos da historiografia educacional e política brasileira, o estudo examina três dimensões centrais: as concepções ideológicas que sustentaram o discurso educacional do período; as reformas implementadas pelo Ministério....

[1]. AZEVEDO, Fernando De. A Cultura Brasileira. Rio De Janeiro: José Olympio, 1944.
[2]. BOMENY, Helena. A Escola No Projeto De Brasil: Centralização E Autoritarismo No Estado Novo. Rio De Janeiro: FGV, 2002.
[3]. BOMENY, Helena. Infância E Poder No Estado Novo. Rio De Janeiro: FGV, 1999.
[4]. BOMENY, Helena Maria Bousquet. Governo Vargas: Cultura Política E Políticas Educacionais. Rio De Janeiro: FGV, 2001.
[5]. CAMPOS, Francisco. A Estrutura Da Educação Nacional. Rio De Janeiro: MEC, 1941.

Abstract: Summary
Acculturation was the empirical foundation of the anthropological history of humankind, and it integrated the history of languages, societies, and cultures. The hypothesis of the anthropological history of humankind as a succession of acculturations was more appropriate to the linguistic, social, and cultural facts and to the very continuity of history. Our main working hypothesis was that within Hispanic acculturation there was linguistic and cultural continuity, based on successive and diverse historical acculturations (Indo-European, Basque-Iberian, Phoenician.....

Key Words: Acculturation, Hispanic acculturation, linguistic and cultural transfers, social and cultural mixing, languages in contact, language shift.

[1]. Abad, F. (1991), “Historiografía Del Concepto De “Español Atlántico”, In Actas Del Del III Congreso Internacional Del Español De América, Valladolid, Junta De Castilla Y León, I, 155-63.
[2]. Abad, L. (1987), “La Cultura Ibérica”, In Suárez, L. Et Al. (Dirs.) (1985-1995), 1/2, 171- 253