iosr-JDMS   Volume-25 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2026

Abstract: Background: Maxillary defects following surgical resection for mucormycosis in diabetic patients compromise mastication, speech, and deglutition. Hollow obturators are often used to restore function, but conventional hollowing techniques lack predictability. This report presents a digital–conventional hybrid approach for fabricating a hollow obturator using a 3D-printed hollow template in a geriatric patient with a total maxillary defect.....

Keywords: Hollow obturator, Maxillary defect, post-COVID mucormycosis, 3D printing, Molloplast B.

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Abstract: Background: Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD), also referred to as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is a rare, benign, non-Langerhans cell histiocytic proliferative disorder of uncertain etiology. Although it primarily involves lymph nodes, particularly the cervical group, extranodal manifestations occur in approximately 40% of cases, most frequently affecting the head and neck region. Case Presentation:......

Keywords: Rosai–Dorfman disease, Sinus histiocytosis, Extranodal, Head and neck, Case report

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[5]. Haroche J, Charlotte F, Arnaud L, et al. High prevalence of BRAF V600E mutations in Erdheim- Chester disease but not in other non- Langerhans cell histiocytoses. Blood 2012;120:2700–3.

Abstract: Orbital floor blowout fractures are a common sequela of mid-facial trauma, often resulting from high-velocity impacts such as road traffic accidents. The management of such fractures poses a significant surgical challenge, particularly in resource-limited settings where costly implants and sophisticated instrumentation may not be readily available. We report a case of a 19-year-old male who sustained an orbital floor blowout fracture following a road traffic accident (RTA) involving a motorcycle and an autorickshaw near Mangalore. The patient was managed surgically......

Keyword: Orbital floor fracture, blowout fracture, Foley catheter, trans antral approach, Caldwell-Luc, open reduction, maxillofacial trauma, road traffic accident

[1]. Burnstine MA. Clinical recommendations for repair of isolated orbital floor fractures: an evidence-based analysis. Ophthalmology. 2002;109(7):1207-13.
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[4]. Patel BC, Hoffmann J. Management of the orbital blowout fracture. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2005;13(4):699–715.
[5]. Ellis E 3rd, Tan Y. Assessment of internal orbital reconstructions for pure blowout fractures: cranial bone grafts versus titanium mesh. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2003;61(4):442–53..

Abstract: Valentino’s syndrome is a rare condition in which a perforated gastric or duodenal ulcer presents as right lower quadrant pain, mimicking acute appendicitis. We report a 40-year-old male presenting with 5 days of worsening right iliac fossa pain, fever, and nausea. Laboratory investigations showed markedly elevated inflammatory markers. Initial ultrasonography suggested acute appendicitis with a thickened non-compressible appendix and periappendiceal....

Keyword: Valentino’s syndrome, Duodenal perforation, Acute appendicitis mimic, Retroperitoneal perforation, Contrast-enhanced computed tomography

[1] Kara Carmo F, Santorcuato Cubillos F, Maldonado Schoijet I. Valentino’s Syndrome: from History to Images. A Case-Based Literature Review. Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam 2023;53:188–92. https://doi.org/10.52787/AGL.V53I2.313.
[2] Machaku D, Suleman M, Mduma E, Nkoronko M. Valentino’s syndrome: a bizarre clinical presentation. J Surg Case Rep 2023;2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/JSCR/RJAD035.
[3] Amini A, Lopez RA. Duodenal Perforation. StatPearls [Internet] 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29613-0_100518.
[4] Nakarmi RN, Budha B, Chaudhary R, Sah S, Bajracharya S, Pandey A. Valentino’s syndrome: diagnostic challenge of acute lower abdominal pain. J Surg Case Rep 2025;2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/JSCR/RJAF934.
[5] Jayaprasad YDM, Peiris AG, Kularathna S, Madushan T, Jayaprasad YDM, Peiris A, et al. Navigating a Surgical Dilemma: Conservative Management of a Rare Case of Spontaneous Duodenal Perforation in a Resource-Limited Setting. Cureus 2025;17. https://doi.org/10.7759/CUREUS.93098...

Abstract: Le pneumomédiastin correspond à la présence d'air dans les interstices du médiastin, décrit pour la première fois en 1819 par René Laennec (1). C’est une affection rare mais non exceptionnelle. L’incidence est estimée à 1/32896 de la population générale.
Les principales causes sont les suivantes : La rupture alvéolaire avec passage d'air dans l'interstitium du poumon avec translocation vers le médiastin, la rupture oesophagienne ou de l'intestin avec passage d'air du cou ou de l'abdomen dans le médiastin, l’hyperpression...

[1]. Laennec RTH. A treatise on diseases of the chest and on mediate auscultation. Transl John Forbes. 1819;
[2]. Fiche maladie : Pneumomédiastin [Internet]. [cité 15 févr 2021]. Disponible sur:
https://www.radeos.org/maladie/fichepneumomediastin_1533.html
[3]. Elmoqaddem A, Serghini I, Janah H, Chouikh C, Alaoui A, Bensghir M. Pneumomediastin spontané chez un asthmatique. Pan Afr Med J Russo A, Del Vecchio C, Zaottini A, Giangregorio C. Role of emergency thoracic ultrasonography in spontaneous pneumomediastinum. Two case report. Il G Chir. Sept 2012;33(8‑9):285‑96.
[4]. Platzer W. Anatomie. Paris: Flammarion, médecine-science, 3e édition, 2001 : 102.
[5]. Kaneki T, Kubo K, Kawashima A, Koizumi T, Sekiguchi M, Sone S. Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum in 33 Patients: Yield of Chest Computed Tomography for the Diagnosis of the Mild Type. Respiration. 2000;67(4):408‑11

Abstract: Résumé : Les métastases cutanées constituent une manifestation rare du cancer du poumon et peuvent parfois représenter le premier signe révélateur de la maladie. Leur présentation clinique polymorphe peut retarder le diagnostic et la prise en charge.
Nous rapportons le cas d’un homme de 64 ans, tabagique chronique, présentant depuis cinq mois une toux sèche associée à deux.....

[1]. Mollet TW, Garcia CA, Koester G. Skin metastases from lung cancer. Dermatol Online J. 2009 May 15;15(5):1. PubMed PMID: 19624979.
[2]. Dhambri S, Zendah I, Ayadi-Kaddour A, Adouni O, El Mezni F. Cutaneous metastasis of lung carcinoma: a retrospective study of 12 cases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011 Jun;25(6):722–6. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03818.x PubMed PMID: 20735519.
[3]. Wang Y, Xue R. Cutaneous Metastases from Lung Adenocarcinoma. Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine. 2020;2020(1):8880604. doi:10.1155/2020/8880604
[4]. Zemmez Y, Zegmout A, Hamama J, Bouhamidi A. Métastases cutanées révélant un adénocarcinome bronchique. The Pan African Medical Journal. 2016 May 3;24(2). doi:10.11604/pamj.2016.24.2.9397
[5]. Gupta V, Bhutani N, Marwah N, Sen R. Scalp metastasis as an initial presentation of lung adenocarcinoma : A case report and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2017;41:327–31. doi:10.1016/j.ijscr.2017.10.060 PubMed PMID: 29136605; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5683037..

Abstract: Background Abdominal wall hernias are common in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), particularly in the presence of refractory ascites. Persistent elevation of intra-abdominal pressure, impaired wound healing, malnutrition, and muscle wasting contribute to hernia formation and recurrence. Spontaneous rupture of an abdominal wall hernia with bowel evisceration is an extremely rare but life-threatening complication associated with significant morbidity and mortality......

Keywords Incisional hernia; Chronic liver disease; Ascites; Bowel evisceration; Flood syndrome; Ventral hernia rupture.

[1]. Licari L, Salamone G, Ciolino G, Campanella S, Parinisi Z, Sabatino C, et al. The abdominal wall incisional hernia repair in cirrhotic patients. G Chir. 2018;39(1):20-24.
[2]. Belghiti J, Durand F. Abdominal wall hernias in cirrhotic patients. Semin Liver Dis. 1997;17(3):219-226.
[3]. Luijendijk RW, Hop WC, van den Tol MP, et al. A comparison of suture repair with mesh repair for incisional hernia. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:392-398.
[4]. Chatzizacharias NA, Bradley JA, Harper S, et al. Successful surgical management of ruptured umbilical hernias in cirrhotic patients. Hernia. 2015;19:147-152.
[5]. Kirkpatrick S, Schubert T. Umbilical hernia rupture in cirrhosis. Am Surg. 1988;54:348-350.

Abstract: Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a major global health problem. Metformin is the 1st-line oral hypoglycemic agent for its management. Long-term metformin therapy was associated with Vitamin B12 deficiency. This may contribute to anemia, peripheral neuropathy, and other neurological complications. Early detection of Vitamin B12 deficiency is important to prevent morbidity and improve patient outcomes.
Objectives: To determine the....

Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Metformin, Vitamin B12 Deficiency, Prevalence, HbA1c, Tertiary Care Hospital.

[1]. de Jager J, Kooy A, Lehert P, Wulffelé MG, van der Kolk J, Bets D, et al. Long term treatment with metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and risk of vitamin B-12 deficiency: randomised placebo controlled trial. BMJ. 2010;340:c2181.
[2]. Ko SH, Ko SH, Ahn YB, Song KH, Han KD, Park YM, Ko SH, Kim HS. Association of vitamin B12 deficiency and metformin use in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Korean Med Sci. 2014 Jul;29(7):965-72. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2014.29.7.965. Epub 2014 Jul 11. PMID: 25045229; PMCID: PMC4101785.
[3]. Liu Q, Li S, Quan H, Li J. Vitamin B12 status in metformin treated patients: systematic review. PLoS One. 2014 Jun 24;9(6):e100379. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100379. PMID: 24959880; PMCID: PMC4069007.
[4]. Reinstatler L, Qi YP, Williamson RS, Garn JV, Oakley GP Jr. Association of biochemical B₁₂ deficiency with metformin therapy and vitamin B₁₂ supplements: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2006. Diabetes Care. 2012 Feb;35(2):327-33. doi: 10.2337/dc11-1582. Epub 2011 Dec 16. PMID: 22179958; PMCID: PMC3263877.
[5]. Infante M, Leoni M, Caprio M, Fabbri A. Long-term metformin therapy and vitamin B12 deficiency: An association to bear in mind. World J Diabetes. 2021 Jul 15;12(7):916-931. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i7.916. PMID: 34326945; PMCID: PMC8311483..

Abstract: Mucoceles a most common benign lesion of oral cavity due to accumulation or extravasation of mucous from minor salivary gland may cause swelling of intraoral mucosa. 1There are several treatment option from surgical to nonsurgical approach such as chemical cautery, Electrocautery, CO2 Laser ablation, Cryotherapy, micromersupialization and intralesional injection of corticosteroid. In our study we found intralesional corticosteroid such as betamethasone is good as a treatment option rather to excise mucocele.

[1]. Oral Mucocele: review of the literature by J Ata-Ali,C Carrillo,C Bonet,J Balaguer,MPenarrocha,MPenarrocha
[2]. Oral Mucocele a clinical and histopathological Study by Chandramani B More, Khusbu Bhavsar, Saurabh Varma, Mansi Tailor
[3]. An appraisal of Oral Mucous Extravasation Cyst Case with Mini review by Sanjeev Laller, Ravinder Singh Saini, Mamta Malik, Rahul Jain.
[4]. A noninvasive approach for management of recurrent oral mucocele in pediatric patients-A therapeutic case report byN Gholami,D Badakhsh-JRDMS
[5]. Nonsurgical Management of Oral Mucocele Occurring on a rare site by Trupti Vijay Gaikwad, Anuj Paul, Maini, Sukanya Das, Sonali Lokhande, Shruti K Patil, Arunima Sarma

Abstract: Myiasis is a parasitic disease that affects human and other vertebrates by dipterous larvae which feed on hosts dead or living tissue. The condition is a result iof neglected oral and personal care along with mental and physical challenges of patient. In our OPD we treated a 11year old mentally challenged patients having palatal ulcer with maggots by topical application of turpentine oil and wound debridement along with systemic antibiotics and educate patients caregiver regarding importance of maintaining oral hygiene protocol ....

[1]. Oral Myiasis: A case report in a child with cerebral paulsy by Ana Margarida Nunes, Wellington Jose Alves Nunes, Cecilla Laudia Costa Riberio,Fernanda Ferreira Lopes, Claudia MariaCoelho Alves.
[2]. Laurence SM.Dipterous Larvae Infection Br.Med J 1909,9:88.
[3]. Zumpt F. Myiasis in amn and animals in the old world In: Zumpt F, editor. A textbook for physicians,veterenians and zoologists . London Butterworth and Co Ltd; 1965 p, 109.
[4]. Oral and maxillofacial myiasis by Kanchan Shah, Asma Fruitwala, Aishwarya Salve, Jayan Landge, Anjali Meshram , Tejal Badhan
[5]. Oral myiasis -A review by Soheyl Sheikh, Shambulingappa Pallagatti, Isha Singla, Aman Kalucha, Amit Agarwal, Harkamal Kaur
[6]. A case of oral myiasis due to chrysomya bezziana,Hong Kong Med J 2003;9:454-6 by Ng KH,Yip KT,Choi CH,Yeung KH, Anyeung TW, Tsang AC,et al
[7]. Oral Myiasis by Thalaimalai

Abstract: Introduction: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders in children, requiring long-term management with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Effective care largely depends on caregivers’ knowledge and attitude regarding medication adherence, seizure management, and follow-up care. Inadequate knowledge may lead to poor treatment outcomes and increased complications. Therefore, this study was undertaken to assess the knowledge and attitude of caregivers regarding the care of children receiving AEDs.
Objective: 1. To assess.....

Keywords: Epilepsy, Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), Caregivers, Knowledge, Attitude, Pediatric epilepsy, Medication adherence

[1]. Ghai OP, Paul VK, Bagga A. Essential Pediatrics. 9th ed. New Delhi: CBS Publishers & Distributors; 2019.
[2]. World Health Organization.Epilepsy: A Public Health Imperative. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019.Available from:https://www.who.int/publications/i/item
[3]. epilepsy-a-public- health-imperative.
[4]. GBD 2021 Epilepsy Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of epilepsy, 1990–2021: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet Neurol. 2023;22(12):1058-1073.
[5]. Amudhan S, Gururaj G, Satishchandra P. Epilepsy in India I: epidemiology and public health. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2015;18(3):263-277..

Abstract: RESUME Le crack est la forme la plus puissante de cocaïne. Inhalé, il affecte directement les poumons. Chez les jeunes présentant des symptômes respiratoires aigus, une recherche de consommation de cocaïne est nécessaire. Nous rapportons le cas d'un jeune homme ayant des antécédents de consommation de cocaïne, qui a consulté pour des symptômes respiratoires et neurologiques révélant un «crack lung».
Mots clés: Cocaine, crack lung, insuffisance respiratoire aigue

[1]. Restrepo CS, Carrillo JA, Martínez S, Ojeda P, Rivera AL, Hatta A, et al. Pulmonary complications from cocaine and cocaine-based substances: Imaging manifestations. Radiographics. 2007;27:941–56
[2]. Almeida RR, Zanetti G, Souza AS Jr, Souza LS, Silva JL, Escuissato DL, et al. Cocaine-induced pulmonary changes: HRCT findings. J Bras Pneumol 2015; 41(4):323-30
[3]. Forrester JM, Steele AW, Waldron JA, Parsons PE. Crack lung: An acute pulmonary syndrome with a spectrum of clinical and histopathologic findings. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990;142:462–7. 10.1164
[4]. F D Giacomi, N Srivali, Cocaine use and crack lung syndrome, QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 2019, 112 (2); 125–126,
[5]. Kissner DG.Crack lung: pulmonary disease caused by cocaine abuse. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987;136(5):1250-2.