iosr-JDMS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-8 ~ August 2025

Abstract: Summary We report the prosthodontic rehabilitation of a female patient in her 40s diagnosed with aggressive squamous cell carcinoma involving the anterior maxilla (premaxilla). Surgical resection of the anterior maxillary segment was carried out to achieve oncologic clearance. A surgical obturator was fabricated preoperatively to provide immediate intraoral closure post-surgery. An interim obturator without teeth was delivered 3 months post-resection.....

[1] Aramany MA. Basic Principles Of Obturator Design For Partially Edentulous Patients. J Prosthet Dent. 1978;40(5):554–557.
[2] Jacob RF. Prosthodontic Rehabilitation Of Patients With Maxillofacial Defects. J Prosthet Dent. 2004;92(4):377–385.
[3] Beumer J, Marunick MT, Esposito SJ. Maxillofacial Rehabilitation: Prosthodontic And Surgical Considerations. 3rd Ed. Quintessence Publishing; 2011.
[4] Habib SR, Drage NA, Thomas S. Surgical Obturator Prosthesis For Immediate Post-Maxillectomy Rehabilitation: Clinical Tips. Br Dent J. 2010;209(8):353–356.
[5] Keyf F. Obturator Prostheses For Hemimaxillectomy Patients. J Oral Rehabil. 2001;28(9):821–829

Abstract: Objective(s): This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of three different root-end preparation techniques—ultrasonic tips, diamond burs, and carbide burs—on microcrack formation and marginal adaptation, using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine as retrograde filling materials by SEM.
Materials and Methods: 120 Extracted human teeth were endodontically treated and resected apically. Root-end cavities were prepared using ultrasonic tips, diamond burs, or carbide burs, and retro filled with either MTA or Biodentine. Samples.....

Keywords: Root-end preparation, Ultrasonic, MTA, Biodentine, Microcracks, Marginal adaptation, Endodontic surgery

[1] Galhotra V, Sofat A, Pandit I, Gambhir RS, Srivastava N, Gugnani N, Et Al. Comparative Evaluation Of Microleakage Of Various Retrograde Filling Materials: An In Vitro Study. J Nat Sci, Biol Med. 2013;4(2):403–8. Doi:10.4103/0976-9668.117014.
[2] Khandelwal A, Karthik J. Sealing Ability Of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate And Biodentine As The Root End Filling Material, Using Two Different Retro Preparation Techniques - An In Vitro Study. Int J Contemp Dent Med Rev. 2015;.
[3] Comparative Investigation Of Marginal Adaptation Of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate And Other Commonly Used Root-End Filling Materials Mahmoud Torabinejad, DMD, MSD, Petra Wilder Smith, BDS, LDS, Drmeddent, James D. Kettering, Phd, And Thomas R. Pitt Ford, BDS, Phd[4] Ultrasonic Root-End Preparation Part 1. SEM Analysis ]. L. GUTMANN*, W. P. SAUNDERS^ L. NGUYEN*, I. Y. GUO* & E. M. SAUNDERS*
[5] Microsurgical Instruments For Root-End Cavity Preparation Following Apicoectomy: A Literature Review Von Arx T, Walker WA. Microsurgical Instruments For Root-End T. Von Arx1

Abstract: Background: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) remains a vital diagnostic tool for breast lesions in resource-limited settings due to its simplicity, affordability, and diagnostic value. The International Academy of Cytology (IAC) Yokohama System provides a standardized reporting framework, enhancing the diagnostic reliability of FNAC. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC using the IAC Yokohama System in a peripheral tertiary care center in Eastern India.
Methods: A prospective observational.......

Keywords: FNAC, Yokohama, Breast

[1] Ducatman BS, Wang HH. Cytology Of Breast Lesions. Clin Lab Med. 2014;34(1):113–25.
[2] Field AS. Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Of The Breast: Current Perspective. Pathology. 2016;48(4):316–24.
[3] Dong F, Yang Z, Li M, Wang Y. Accuracy Of Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy For Breast Lesions. J Ultrasound Med. 2016;35(11):2393–400.
[4] Farras Roca JA, Vila Costas JJ, Et Al. Diagnostic Accuracy Of FNAC In Breast Tumors. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 2017;38(6):889–92.
[5] Lieske B, Ravichandran D, Wright D. Role Of Core Biopsy In The Diagnosis Of Screen-Detected Breast Cancer. Breast. 2006;15(1):52–9.

Abstract: Background: Globally, primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) remains a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Its primary cause is still uterine atony, and to avoid potentially fatal consequences, prompt intervention is essential. Aim: To compare the effectiveness and safety profile of Bilateral Uterine Artery Ligation (BUAL) and B-Lynch sutures in controlling......

Key Word: Postpartum haemorrhage, Bilateral uterine artery ligation, B-Lynch suture, Caesarean section, Uterine atony..

[1] World Health Organization, UNICEF. Trends In Maternal Mortality: 1990 To 2020. Geneva: WHO; 2021.
[2] Carroli G, Cuesta C, Abalos E, Gulmezoglu AM. Epidemiology Of Postpartum Haemorrhage: A Systematic Review. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2008;22(6):999–1012.
[3] Krishna H, Chava M, Jasmine N, Shetty N. Patients With Postpartum Haemorrhage Admitted In Intensive Care Unit: Patient Condition, Interventions, And Outcome. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2011;27(2):192–4.
[4] Abo Zaid MA, Hagras AM, Hefeda MM, Hwidy MS. Effect Of Bilateral Uterine Artery Ligation In Cases Of Postpartum Haemorrhage On Ovarian Reserve. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2023;12(2):335–40.
[5] Atin H, Shyamapada P. Uterine And Ovarian Arteries Ligation: A Safe Technique To Control Postpartum Haemorrhage During Caesarean Section. J Obstet Gynaecol India. 2008;58(4):319–21

Abstract: Medical education is undergoing significant reforms to meet the changing needs of health and social care delivery systems. This article examines the need for change in medical education and explores various strategies to improve curriculum design, technology integration, cultural competency, faculty development, assessment, and global cooperation. The current state of medical education is characterised by traditional, time-based curricula and may not adequately equip students for the complexities of modern healthcare practice. Factors driving the need for reform include technological....

Key Word: Medical Education, Curriculum Reform, Professionalism, Well-being, Competency-based Education

[1] Skochelak SE. A Decade Of Reports Calling For Change In Medical Education: What Do They Say? Acad Med. 2010 Sep;85(9 Suppl):S26-33. Doi: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181f1323f. PMID: 20736563.
[2] Boelen C. Prospects For Change In Medical Education In The Twenty-First Century. Acad Med. 1995 Jul;70(7 Suppl):S21-8; Discussion S29-31. Doi: 10.1097/00001888-199507000-00017. PMID: 7626157.
[3] Swanson AG, Anderson MB. Educating Medical Students. Assessing Change In Medical Education--The Road To Implementation. Acad Med. 1993 Jun;68(6 Suppl):S1-46. Doi: 10.1097/00001888-199306000-00014. PMID: 8507321.
[4] Fox RD, Bennett NL. Learning And Change: Implications For Continuing Medical Education. BMJ. 1998 Feb 7;316(7129):466-8. Doi: 10.1136/Bmj.316.7129.466. PMID: 9492684; PMCID: PMC2665605.
[5] Maximilian LB .Medical Education Today: All That Glitters Is Not Gold. BMC Medical Education (2019) 19:110
Https://Doi.Org/10.1186/S12909-019-1535-9

Abstract: In India, tongue cancer constitutes 30% of oral malignancies, with rising incidence among younger populations. Surgical resection remains the cornerstone of treatment, necessitating functional reconstruction to restore speech, swallowing, and airway protection. This review aims to review surgical resection options for tongue OSCC, and compare reconstructive options accordingly with an emphasis on the functional outcomes and technical considerations.

Key Word: Glossectomy; Tongue Cancer; Reconstruction; Flaps

[1]. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Et Al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates Of Incidence And Mortality Worldwide. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71:209‑49.
[2]. Warnakulasuriya S. Global Epidemiology Of Oral And Oropharyngeal Cancer. Oral Oncol. 2009;45:309‑16.
[3]. Sharma JD, Et Al. Pattern Of Oral Cavity Cancers In India. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022;80:174‑83.
[4]. ICMR-NCRP. National Cancer Registry Programme Report. Bengaluru: ICMR; 2023.
[5]. Gupta B, Johnson NW, Kumar N. Global Epidemiology Of Head And Neck Cancers: A Continuing Challenge. Oncology. 2016;91:13‑23