IOSR-JHSS   Volume-31 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2026

Abstract: This paper examines how credit risk management affects the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya using panel evidence from 39 banks over the period 2018-2023. The study is motivated by the persistent rise in non-performing loans in the Kenyan banking sector and the need for stronger evidence on how risk variables, control mechanisms, and lending conditions shape bank outcomes. Three related panel models are estimated. The first evaluates the effect of credit risk on return on equity (ROE), the second examines how credit risk control variables.....

Key Words: credit risk management, financial performance, non-performing loans, commercial banks, panel data, Kenya

[1]. Adekunle, O., Alalade, S. Y., Agbatogun, T., & Abimbola, C. (2015). Credit Risk Management And Financial Performance Of Selected Commercial Banks In Nigeria. Journal Of Economic & Financial Studies, 3(1), 1-9.
[2]. Bahadir, B., Chatterjee, S., & Lebesmuehlbacher, T. (2019). The Macroeconomic Consequences Of Remittances. Journal Of International Economics, 118, 42-57.
[3]. Berger, A. N., & Udell, G. F. (2002). Small Business Credit Availability And Relationship Lending: The Importance Of Bank Organisational Structure. The Economic Journal, 112(477), F32-F53.
[4]. Bessis, J. (2011). Risk Management In Banking. John Wiley & Sons.
[5]. Brownbridge, M., & Harvey, C. (1998). Banking In Africa: The Impact Of Financial Sector Reform Since Independence. James Currey.

Abstract: In contemporary societies marked by polarization, inequality, and social fragmentation, educational institutions carry a profound responsibility that extends beyond academic instruction. Schools are increasingly called upon to cultivate socially responsible citizens who are capable of empathy, dialogue, and inclusive engagement. Within this context, student leadership emerges as a transformative educational practice that nurtures peace-oriented attitudes.....

[1]. Banks, J. A. (2015). Cultural Diversity And Education. Routledge.
[2]. Fielding, M. (2011). Student Voice And The Possibility Of Radical Democratic Education. Educational Philosophy And Theory, 43(2), 123–135.
[3]. Freire, P. (2000). Pedagogy Of The Oppressed. Continuum.
[4]. Galtung, J. (1996). Peace By Peaceful Means. Sage.
[5]. Gilligan, C. (1982). In A Different Voice. Harvard University Press

Abstract: This study examines the cultural resilience of the Juang tribe of Odisha within the context of modernization, ecological change, and socio-economic transformation. Using qualitative secondary data and sociological frameworks such as cultural ecology, structuration theory, functionalism, and social-ecological resilience theory, the paper analyzes how the Juang preserve indigenous identity through adaptive practices, communal institutions, ecological...

Key Words: Juang, Cultural Resilience, Tribal Modernization, Cultural Ecology, Tribal Development, Indigenous Identity

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[2]. The Constitution Of Society. Giddens, A. (1984). The Constitution Of Society: Outline Of The Theory Of Structuration. Berkeley: University Of California Press.
[3]. The Social Construction Of Reality. Berger, P. L., & Luckmann, T. (1966). The Social Construction Of Reality. New York: Anchor Books.
[4]. Bose, N. K. (1928). “Marriage And Kinship Among The Juangs.” Man In India, 8(4), 233–242.
[5]. Elwin, V. (1948). “Notes On The Juang.” Man In India, 28(1–2), 1–15.

Abstract: Despite its importance for innovation, problem-solving, and knowledge production, creativity remains difficult to define and assess due to its multidimensional nature. This paper reviews major definitions of creativity and creative writing found in scientific literature, highlighting similarities among them. The study also presents tools used to assess creativity, including process-based, personality-based, and product-based approaches, such as the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking and the Creative Product Semantic Scale. Finally, it explores pedagogical practices that encourage

[1]. Amabile, T. M. (1996). Creativity In Context. Westview Press.
[2]. Amabile, T. M. (2013). Componential Theory Of Creativity. Harvard Business School.
[3]. Baer, J. (2024). Creativity And Value In Contemporary Research. Cambridge University Press.
[4]. Barbot, B. (2021). The Dynamics Of Creative Writing. Current Opinion In Behavioral Sciences, 27, 96–100.