IOSR-JHSS   Volume-30 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2025

Abstract: Background: The ethnic communities in Kenya are more than 40, due to the diverse traditional and religious backgrounds. The differences in culture, and traditions fuel ethnic conflicts, and wars among the bordering communities. Narok and Bomet are among the countries that experience ethnic conflicts in Kenya. Sport mentor intervention is a mark of national unity and is paramount in uniting people making them coexist peacefully. The intervention can develop cohesion along the.......

Key Word: Cohesion, sports mentor intervention, sports, border, conflicts

[1]. Deb S, Sunny AM, Sanyal N, Deb S. Community Psychology: Emerging Issues And Challenges. 2023.
[2]. Gachanga, T. Ethnic Agendas And Patronage Impede The Formation Of A Coherent Kenyan Identity. Africa File At Issue Ezine, 2012; 14.
[3]. Malm C, Jakobsson J, Isaksson A. Physical Activity And Sports—Real Health Benefits: A Review With Insight Into The Public Health Of Sweden. Sports. 2019;7(5):127.
[4]. WHO. Physical Activity. 2024. Available From: Https://Www.Who.Int/News-Room/Fact-Sheets/Detail/Physical-Activity
[5]. Krejcie, R., & Morgan, D. Determining Sample Size For Research Activities.” Educational And Psychological Measurement, 1970; 30(3): 607-610.

Abstract: This paper examines the legal and socio-cultural barriers limiting women's representation in leadership positions in India and the UK. Through a comparative analysis, it evaluates the effectiveness of legal frameworks such as the Human Rights Act 1998 (UK) and Articles 14-16 of the Indian Constitution, assessing their enforcement and impact on gender equality. The study also explores societal factors - including gender stereotypes, patriarchal norms, and workplace......

Keywords: gender equality, women’s leadership, legal barriers, socio-cultural norms, workplace discrimination

[1] American Association Of University Women (2020). Barriers & Bias: The Status Of Women In Leadership – AAUW : Empowering Women Since 1881. [Online] AAUW : Empowering Women Since 1881. Available At:
Https://Www.Aauw.Org/Resources/Research/Barrier-Bias/.
[2] Bansal, A. And Agarwal , K. (2025). Charity Begins At Home: Political Parties Must Lead The Way To Make Working Spaces Safe For Women. [Online] The Wire. Available At: Https://Thewire.In/Politics/Charity-Begins-At-Home-Political-Parties-Must-Lead-The-Way-To-Make-Working-Spaces-Safe-For-Women/?Mid_Related_New# [Accessed 24 Jan. 2025].
[3] Centenary Action, UK (2022). Enact 106 - Centenary Action. [Online] Centenary Action. Available At:
Https://Centenaryaction.Org.Uk/Our-Campaigns/Enact-106/ [Accessed 24 Jan. 2025].
[4] Chaudhuri, S., Muduli, A. And Arora, R. (2018). Family Roles Posing Challenges For Women Leaders In India. Springer Ebooks, Pp.13–29. Doi: Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/978-3-319-68816-9_2.
[5] Chawla, A. (2024). A Decade Of The POSH Act: What The Data Tells Us About How India Inc. Has Fared. [Online] CEDA. Available At:

Abstract: Structural reforms in teaching have limited effect unless the intended changes are implemented based on robust professional development within an environment where individuals adapt cautiously on margins of cultural practices. This behaviour is nurtured overtime and is sometimes seen to positively encourage the forging of “personal connections‟ through leadership. Reflective questions that underpinned the study was How recursively alternative views are refined by reflecting on their effects until satisfaction with the consequences are arrived at? Using a qualitative case study underpinned by collaborative methodology design that adopted.....

Key Words: Prepositional Professional knowledge, Practical knowledge, hierarchical transfer of knowledge

[1] Adalbjarnardottir, S.; Selman, R. (1997). I Feel I Have Received A New Vision: An Analysis Of Teachers' Development As They Work With Students On Interpersonal Issues". In: Teaching And Teacher Education, 13(4),P409-428.
[2] Akyeampong K (2004) Aid For Self-Help Effort?: Developing Sustainable Alternative Route To Basic Education In Northern Ghana. Journal Of International Co-Operation In Education Hiroshima University, CICE, Japan
[3] Amoah, S. A. (2002). Impact Of Assessment On Education In Ghana: UEW Perspective. Accra. A Colloquium By CCTA. P5-14. Printed By Quality Printing & Graphics
[4] Amoah, S. A. (2010) The Reflective And Collaborative Practices Of Teachers In Ghanaian Basic Schools: A Case Study. Phd Thesis Submitted To The University Of Nottingham, UK.
[5] Armstrong, V., & Curran, S (2006). Developing A Collaborative Model Of Research Using Digital Video. Computer And Education, 46, 337-342.

Abstract: This study assessed the impact of spiritual leadership on organizational commitment. The objectives were to find out the relationship between spiritual leadership and organizational commitment in Universiti Kuala Lumpur Business School and MIIT in Malaysia. Survey design was adopted. Data were collected through questionnaire. A sample size of 143 were used comprising of academic staff of Universiti Kuala Lumpur Business School and MIIT in Malaysia. Analysis was.......

Key Word: Leadership, Spiritual Leadership, organization commitment

[1] Allen, N.J. & Meyer, J.P. (2019). Construct Validation In Organizational Behaviour Research: The Case Of Organizational Commitment. In Goffin, R.D. And Helmes, E. (Eds), Problems And Solutions In Human Assessment: Honoring Douglas N. Jackson At Seventy, Kluwer, Norwell, MA, Pp. 285-314.
[2] Allen, N.J. & Meyer, J.P. (2015). Affective, Continuance, And Normative Commitment To The Organization: An Examination Of Construct Validity. Journal Of Vocational Behaviour, 49 (3), 252-76.
[3] Ashmos, D.P. & Duchon, D. (2019). Spirituality At Work: A Conceptualization And Measure. Journal Of Management Inquiry, 9(2): 134-145.
[4] Bass, B. (2020). Bass And Stogdill’s Handbook Of Leadership. New York, NY: Free Press.
[5] Batman, T. S., & Organ, D. W. (1983). Job Satisfaction And The Good Soldier: The Relationship Between Affect And Employee ‘‘Citizenship’’. Academy Of Management Journal, 26, 587–595. Doi:10.2307/255908.

Abstract: Riverside education is a topic of extreme relevance in the Brazilian educational context, presenting a series of challenges and perspectives that deserve to be discussed. In the context of this debate, multicultural education emerges as a fundamental element for a more inclusive school education adapted to the cultural diversity present in riverside communities. Thus, this article intends to discuss riverine education, considering the challenges and perspectives of those involved. To do so, it uses several bibliographies on the subject. Therefore, after the analyses, it was evidenced that multicultural education presents itself as a relevant and necessary pedagogical approach for the promotion of quality education in riverside communities, helping to face the existing educational challenges and in the construction of more egalitarian and inclusive perspectives for all students.

Key Word: Pedagogical approach Education of traditional people; Multiculturalism

[1] CHAVES, Maria P. S. R. An Experience Of Action Research For Community Management Of Appropriate Technologies In The Amazon: The Case Study Of The Iporá Agrarian Reform Settlement. 2001. Thesis (Phd In Science And Technology Policy) - State University Of Campinas, Campinas, SP.
[2] CRUZ, Manuel M. Agroforestry Sites In The Careiro Floodplain. Geography Journal Of The University Of Amazonas, Manaus, V. 1, N.1, P. 105-122, Jan./Dec. 1999.
[3] GEERTZ, Clifford. The Interpretation Of Cultures. Rio De Janeiro: Editora Guanabara, 1989.
[4] GUSFIELD, Joseph. The Community: A Critical Response. New York: Harper Colophon, 1975.
[5] LARAIA, Roque. Culture: An Anthropological Concept. 12th Ed. Rio De Janeiro: Jorge Zahar Editor, 1999.

Abstract: The paper examines the Bukpuii, the traditional bachelor dormitory of the Darlong tribe in Tripura, as a cultural and social institution that significantly contributes to preserving their culture and the social cohesiveness of Darlong society. Historically, Bukpuii was an informal educational centre for transmitting indigenous knowledge between generations and promoting moral development. It constituted a repository of knowledge, a vessel of recollection: folklore, music, and dance were practiced and conveyed collectively. This study demonstrates how the Bukpuii influenced communal identity and discipline among men while imparting environmental stewardship through mentorship from......

Keywords: Bukpuii, Darlong tribe, cultural preservation, oral tradition, Indigenous knowledge, social cohesion, heritage, community education

[1] Ao, A. (2002). Tradition And Modernity Among The Nagas. New Delhi: Mittal Publications.
[2] Chhangte, L. (1993). The Mizo Social Structure And Changes. Aizawl: Tribal Research Institute.
[3] Dalton, E. T. (1973). Descriptive Ethnology Of Bengal. Indian Studies: Past And Present.
[4] Darlong, B. (2014a). Literature Of North East India: Oral Narratives As Documents For The Study Of Ritualization In The Darlong Community Of Tripura. Rupkatha Journal On Interdisciplinary Studies In Humanities. [Volume And Issue Missing]
[5] Darlong, B. (2014b). The Darlong Folk Literature: A Study On Deification Of Characters In The Oral Narratives Of The Darlong People During The Pre-Christianisation Period. The International Journal Of Humanities And Social Studies, 2(8), [Pages Missing]. Https://Www.Internationaljournalcorner.Com/Index.Php/Theijhss/Article/View/140137.

Abstract: “kks/k lkjka”k jksVh] diM+k] edku vkSj LokLF; dh ewyHkwr vko”;drk gSA bu vko”;drkvksa dh iwfrZ djuk Hkh fdlh yksd dY;k.kdkjh ljdkj dk ije /keZ gS ftlls os foeq[k ugha gks ldrs gSaA orZeku le; esa iwjh nqfu;k esa cgqjk’Vªh; dEifu;ksa us Ñf’k dk cktkjhdj.k djds ,d ,slk ra= fodflr dj fn;k gS ftlesa fcuk i¡wth ds vUu mRiknu djuk dfBu gSA Hkkjr tSls Ñf’k iz/kku o xjhc ns”k esa djksM+ksa yksxksa dks Hkw[k ls eqfDr fnykus ds fy, rFkk vf/kd mRiknu ds ykyp esa jklk......

[1] Tso Hkwxksy ¼2011½ & Mkw0 Lfounz Flg¡] Iz;Kx Iqlrd Hkou] Bykgkckn
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[3] Esjh ;Kstuk Mùkjk[K.M+ “Kklu] Nsgjknwu] 2023
[4] Ikfjflfkfrdh; ,Oa Fvdkå [Ksrh Dh Fofhkuuk I}Fr;Ka] Ih-Vh- Tktz ,Oa Vqlj Tkqjh] ¼Vizsy 2005½] Qksdl Vkwu N Xykscy Lkmfk] Ubz Fnyyh.

Abstract: Tax collection serves as a pivotal mechanism for resource mobilization within economic and socio-political systems, shaping interactions between communities and governing entities. This study examines the historical tax collection practices of the Tagin community, with a particular focus on the Nah and Mra subgroups, in their economic engagements with Tibet, an independent sovereign entity during the period under consideration. By systematically tracing the sources and mechanisms through which the Tagin procured taxes from Tibet, the research elucidates.......

Keywords: Tax Collection, Tagin, Nah, Mra and Tibet

[1] Pongpo Mra Aged About 60 Years Is A Permanent Resident Of Limeking Administrative Circle, Upper Subansiri, District, Arunachal Pradesh, Held Scheduled Interview On September 30, 2023 At 1:14 PM.
[2] Nima Chader, Aged About 42 Years Is A Permanent Resident Of Taksing Administrative Circle, Upper Subansiri District, Arunachal Pradesh, Held Scheduled Interview On February 15, 2024 At 3:21 PM.
[3] Tase Mra, Aged About 24 Years Is A Permanent Resident Of Limeking Administrative Circle, Upper Subansiri, District, Arunachal Pradesh, Held Scheduled Interview On 10/6/2024 At 8:14 PM.
[4] Lardik Kare, Aged About 57 Years Is A Permanent Resident Of Kare Village Under Chetam Administrative Circle, Upper Subansiri District, Arunachal Pradesh, Held Scheduled Interview On 19/12/2024 At 4:30 PM.
[5] Chatung Mra Aged About 55 Years Is A Permanent Resident Of Limeking Administrative Circle, Upper Subansiri District, Arunachal Pradesh, Held Scheduled Interview On 5/3/2025 At 9:43

Abstract: Transgender person as one whose gender does not match the gender assigned at birth. It includes trans-men and trans-women, persons with inter sex variations, gender-queers,and persons with socio-cultural identies,such as kinnar and hijra. The community of transgender is a portion of the social order and they have equal rights in everything that is presented to all others in the world. Since time immemorial the presence of such transgender are not new and are engraved in history. In fact, in several scripts the proof for the existence of transgender community.......

Keywords: Transgender, KMRL, Dignity, Job satisfaction, TGS

[1] Singh, A. A., Hays,D.G.,& Watson,L.S(2011),Strength In The Face Of Adversity: Resilience Strategies Of Transgender Individuals.Journal Of Counseling And Development:JCD,20
[2] Nanda,S(1986).The Hijras Of India:Cultural And Individual Dimensions Of An Institutionalized Third Gender Role:Journal Of Homosexuality,11(3-4),35-54.
[3] Krishna,G(2018 January).Transgenders In Kerala-Realisation Of Their Identity.(A.Paul,Ed.)Journal Of Social Work Education And Practice,III(1),26-42.
[4] Reddy,G.(2006).With Respect To Sex:Negotiating Hijra Identity In South India.Yoda Press.
[5] Dutta,A.(2012).An Epistemology Of Collusion:Hijras,Kothis And The Historical(Dis)Continuity Of Gender/Sexual Identities In Eastern India.Gender And History,24(3),825-849.Transgender Identity (Vol.11).(Pp63-92).Taylor & Francis

Abstract: This study conducts a contrastive analysis of the Spanish preposition en (‘in; on’) and its Chinese counterpart zài, focusing on their spatial meanings as well as the syntactic positions of the prepositional phrases they head. Drawing on definitions from dictionaries, grammar manuals, and corpus data from both languages, the analysis reveals that en and zài share core functions, such as indicating temporary location and the endpoint of a movement. However, en.......

Keywords: Preposition, contrastive analysis, spatial meaning, syntactic position, Spanish-Chinese typology

[1]. Moliner, María (2012). Uso De Las Preposiciones. Madrid: Gredos.
[2]. Outline Of The Essentials Of Chinese National Proficiency And Common Lexicon / 国家汉语水平考试委员会办公室考试中心 (2001). 汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲 (Outline Of Chinese Proficiency Vocabulary And Character Levels). Beijing: Economic Science Press.
[3]. Liu, Qiongyang (2022). La Preposición De En Español Y Su Traducción Al Chino Mandarín: Análisis De Cien Años De Soledad. Doctoral Thesis, Universidad Autónoma De Madrid.
[4]. Penas Ibáñez, María Azucena, Zhang, Tao (2021). Propuesta De Interacción Entre El Verbo Y La Preposición En La Codificación De Los Eventos De Desplazamiento. Estudio Contrastivo Entre El Español Y El Chino Mandarín. Energeia, 6: 64–95. DOI: Https://Doi.Org/10.55245/Energeia.2021.003
[5]. Zhang, Tao (2021). El Evento De Desplazamiento: Análisis Contrastivo Entre El Español Y El Chino, Con Referencia Al Inglés. Doctoral Thesis, Universidad Autónoma De Madrid.

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between leadership and patient safety, with an emphasis on building an organizational culture focused on safe care. For this purpose, an integrative literature review was conducted, with searches in the MEDLINE, LILACS, and BDENF databases using the descriptors "Leadership," "Patient Safety," and "Organizational Culture." The initial search identified 610 articles, with 10 selected for final analysis after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results demonstrated that......

[1]. ANDRÉ, Carla Ulhoa Et Al. Núcleo De Segurança Do Paciente Na Atenção Primária À Saúde: A Transversalidade Do Cuidado Seguro. Enfermagem Em Foco, V. 12, N. 7. SUPL. 1, 2021.
[2]. AOUICHA, Wiem Et Al. Patient Safety Culture As Perceived By Operating Room Professionals: A Mixed-Methods Study. BMC Health Services Research, V. 22, N. 1, P. 799, 2022.
[3]. BARROS, Catherine Marques Et Al. Segurança Do Paciente Na Atenção Primária À Saúde: Concepções E Desafios Vivenciados Pelos Enfermeiros. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde, V. 24, N. 9, P. E15435-E15435, 2024.
[4]. CARNEIRO, Alessandra Suptitz Et Al. Cultura De Segurança Do Paciente Em Áreas Críticas E Não Críticas: Estudo Comparativo. Revista Da Escola De Enfermagem Da USP, V. 55, P. E20210141, 2021.
[5]. CAVALCANTI, Euni Et Al. Contribuições Do Letramento Em Saúde Para A Segurança Do Paciente Na Atenção Primária: Scoping Review. Aquichan, V. 24, N. 1, 2024.