IOSR-JBM   Volume-27 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2025

Abstract: Employee retention remains a critical challenge in Kenya’s public universities, particularly among non-academic staff whose contributions are vital for institutional continuity. This study investigates the influence of performance appraisal (PA) practices on the retention of non-teaching staff at the public University of Kabianga. Grounded in Social Exchange Theory and Human Capital Theory, the research employed a descriptive design with data collected from.....

Key Word: Performance Appraisal, Employee Rentation, human resource, public university workforce

[1]. Ahmad, R., Ahmed, H., & Khan, S. (2023). Critiquing Rational Assumptions In Social Exchange Theory: A Review Of Evolving Workplace Dynamics. Journal Of Organizational Psychology, 23(1), 45–59.
[2]. Becker, G. S. (1964). Human Capital: A Theoretical And Empirical Analysis, With Special Reference To Education. University Of Chicago Press.
[3]. Blau, P. M. (2017). Exchange And Power In Social Life. Routledge. (Original Work Published 1964)
[4]. Boudarbat, B., & Chernoff, V. (2010). The Determinants Of Education-Job Match Among Canadian University Graduates. Canadian Journal Of Economics, 43(2), 526–542.
[5]. Chernyak-Hai, L., & Rabenu, E. (2018). The New Era Workplace Relationships: Is Social Exchange Theory Still Relevant? Industrial And Organizational Psychology, 11(3), 456–481. Https://Doi.Org/10.1017/Iop.2018.5

Abstract: This study investigates the impact of COVID-19 on the stock prices of three major Indian companies: State Bank of India (SBI), HDFC, and Tata Consultancy Services (TCS). Utilising a stochastic Markov model, the research analyses transition probability matrices (TPMs) and initial probability vectors (IPVs) to capture the dynamics of stock price movements before, during, and after the pandemic. The analysis segments the data into three distinct....

Keywords: Covid-19, NSE, BSE, Markov Model, Transition Probability Matrix, Initial Probability Vector.

[1]. Zhang, D., & Zhang, X. (2009). Study On Forecasting The Stock Market Trend Based On Stochastic Analysis Method. International Journal Of Business And Management, 4(6), 163- 170.
[2]. Meng, X., Zhang, J. W., & Guo, H. (2016). Quantum Brownian Motion Model For The Stock Market. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics And Its Applications, 452, 281-288.
[3]. Estember, R. D., & Maraña, M. J. R. (2016). Forecasting Of Stock Prices Using Brownian Motion–Monte Carlo Simulation. In International Conference On Industrial Engineering And Operations Management ,8-10.
[4]. Mohite, P & Wadkar, S & Zanjurne, P. (2023). Study Of Stock Market Using Markov Chains. International Journal Of Research And Analytical Reviews (IJRAR), 5(3), 25-29.
[5]. Sarsour, W. M., & Sabri, S. R. M. (2020). Forecasting The Long-Run Behavior Of The Stock Price Of Some Selected Companies In The Malaysian Construction Sector: A Markov Chain Approach. International Journal Of Mathematical, Engineering And Management Sciences, 5(2), 296

Abstract: Resumo: As redes elétricas inteligentes (smart grids) apresentam amplas possibilidades para o aproveitamento de fontes alternativas de energia, como solar, campos elétricos e eletromagnéticos, vibração, pressão e gradientes térmicos. Paralelamente, a transição de parte das concessionárias para redes de comunicação avançadas tem impulsionado o uso de tecnologias de baixo custo e baixo consumo energético, como Wi-SUN e LoRaWAN, que dependem de...

[1]. Rei H., Mizutani K., Harada H. Specification And Performance Analysis Of Wi-SUN FAN. IEEE Open Journal Of Vehicular Technology (2023).
[2]. Slim L., Et Al. Analysis Of Lorawan 1.0 And 1.1 Protocols Security Mechanisms. Sensors 22.10 (2022): 3717.
[3]. Pavana H., Deshpande R. Energy Harvesting Techniques For Monitoring Devices In Smart Grid Application. In 2020 Third International Conference On Advances In Electronics, Computers And Communications (ICAECC), Bengaluru, India, 2020, Pp. 1-6.
[4]. An G., Han C., Zhang F., Liu K. Research On Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting Technology For Smart Grid Application. In 2022 Asia-Pacific International Symposium On Electromagnetic Compatibility (APEMC), Beijing, China, 2022, Pp. 441-443.
[5]. Faheem M., Ashraf M. W., Butt R. A., Raza B., Ngadi M. A., Gungor V. C. Ambient Energy Harvesting For Low Powered Wireless Sensor Network Based Smart Grid Applications. In 2019 7th International Istanbul Smart Grids And Cities Congress And Fair (ICSG), Istanbul, Turkey, 2019, Pp. 26-30.

Abstract: The perfume industry represents one of the most dynamic and rapidly evolving segments of the global cosmetics and personal care market, driven by innovation, sustainability, and shifting consumer values. This study explores the operational and strategic dimensions of perfume startups, focusing on how emerging enterprises in India navigate challenges related to competitiveness, sustainability, and digital transformation. Employing a mixed-method research design, the study integrates quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with startup founders and consumers....

Key Words: Perfume startups, sustainability, sensory branding, digital marketing, operational efficiency, brand authenticity, fragrance industry, India.

[1]. Alhindawi, R., Abu Nahleh, Y., & Kumar, A. (2025). Navigating Sustainable Supply Chain Management In The Perfume Industry: Challenges And Solutions. Sustainability, 17(2), 723. Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Su17020723
[2]. Alpha Aromatics. (2023). The History And Evolution Of Perfume: From Ancient Rituals To Modern Luxury. Retrieved From
Https://Www.Alphaaromatics.Com/
[3]. Barbosa, B., Mahdavi, M., Oliveira, Z., & Chkoniya, V. (2021). Buying Perfume In The Digital Age: A Study On E-Shoppers’ Perceptions And Typologies. Asian Journal Of Business And Accounting, 14(1). Retrieved From
Https://Ajba.Um.Edu.My/Index.Php/AJBA/Article/View/23382
[4]. BMV Fragrances. (N.D.). History Of Perfumery. Retrieved From Https://Bmvfragrances.Com/
[5]. Callens, S. (2017). Chemical Safety Standards And Trade Facilitation. Journal Of Environmental Health And Safety, 12(3), 145–159.

Abstract: This article sought to analyze, through a bibliometric study, the behavior and evolution of research publications that interconnect dynamic capabilities and startups, using the Web of Science database as a data collection instrument, for the period from January 1945 to December 2021. Within the researched period, 53 articles were found addressing the theme of the present study, which served as the apparatus for the intended analyses. The main results of the...

Key Words: Dynamic capabilities; Startups; Bibliometrics.

[1]. Acedo, F. J.; Barroso, C.; Galan, J. L. The Resource‐Based Theory: Dissemination And Main Trends. Strategic Management Journal, V. 27, N. 7, P. 621-636, 2006.
[2]. Bicudo, L. Afinal, O Que É Uma Startup? Starts. São Paulo. Disponível Em: <Hhttps://App.Startse.Com/Artigos/O-Que-E-Uma-Startup>. Acesso Em 20/01/2022.
[3]. Bhatt, Y.; Ghuman, K.; Dhir, A. Sustainable Manufacturing. Bibliometrics And Content Analysis. Journal Of Cleaner Production, P. 120988, 2020.
[4]. Cajuela, A. R.; Galina, S. V. R. Processes In Interorganizational Relationships To Develop Absorptive Capacity In Startups. Revista De Administração Contemporânea, 24(6), 550-566, 2020.
[5]. Calabretta, G.; Durisin, B.; Ogliengo, M. Uncovering The Intellectual Structure Of Research In Business Ethics: A Journey Through The History, The Classics, And The Pillars Of Journal Of Business Ethics. Journal Of Business Ethics, V. 104, N. 4, P. 499-524, 2011.

Abstract: This article sought to analyze, through a bibliometric study, the behavior and evolution of research publications that interconnect dynamic capabilities and startups, using the Web of Science database as a data collection instrument, for the period from January 1945 to December 2021. Within the researched period, 53 articles were found addressing the theme of the present study, which served as the apparatus for the intended analyses. The main results of the study indicate that most of the published articles date from 2019 to the end of 2021, meaning they are recent works....

Key Words: Dynamic capabilities; Startups; Bibliometrics

[1]. Acedo, F. J.; Barroso, C.; Galan, J. L. The Resource‐Based Theory: Dissemination And Main Trends. Strategic Management Journal, V. 27, N. 7, P. 621-636, 2006.
[2]. Bicudo, L. Afinal, O Que É Uma Startup? Starts. São Paulo. Disponível Em: <Hhttps://App.Startse.Com/Artigos/O-Que-E-Uma-Startup>. Acesso Em 20/01/2022.
[3]. Bhatt, Y.; Ghuman, K.; Dhir, A. Sustainable Manufacturing. Bibliometrics And Content Analysis. Journal Of Cleaner Production, P. 120988, 2020.
[4]. Cajuela, A. R.; Galina, S. V. R. Processes In Interorganizational Relationships To Develop Absorptive Capacity In Startups. Revista De Administração Contemporânea, 24(6), 550-566, 2020.
[5]. Calabretta, G.; Durisin, B.; Ogliengo, M. Uncovering The Intellectual Structure Of Research In Business Ethics: A Journey Through The History, The Classics, And The Pillars Of Journal Of Business Ethics. Journal Of Business Ethics, V. 104, N. 4, P. 499-524, 2011.

Abstract: Background: Bauxite residue, commonly known as red mud, represents a major environmental challenge due to its high alkalinity and large volume of disposal. Its reuse in civil construction is a promising alternative for reducing environmental impact and the demand for natural aggregates. The study focuses on the development of synthetic....

Key Words: Bauxite residue; Coarse synthetic aggregate; Concrete; Characterization

[1]. IEB – Instituto De Engenharia. Revista Engenharia [Online], Ano 76, Nº. 641, São Paulo - SP, Brasil. Imprensa Editorial LTDA, Julho/2019. Disponível Em: Https://Www.Institutodeengenharia.Org.Br/Site/2019/09/24/Edicao-641/ (Acesso: 15/12/2022).
[2]. OLIVEIRA, L. S.; ÂNGULO, S. “Entrevista - Agregados, Meio Ambiente E O Desafio Da Economia Circular (2020)”. Escola Politécnica Da Universidade De São Paulo - EPUSP.
Disponível Em: Http://Cics.Prp.Usp.Br/Wp-Content/Uploads/2020/07/Entrevista-Agregado-E-Meio-Ambiente-Diagramado-.Pdf (Acesso: 20/12/2022).
[3]. HILDEBRANDO, E. A. “Aplicação Do Rejeito Do Processo Bayer (Lama Vermelha) Como Matéria-Prima Na Indústria De Cerâmica Estrutural”. Dissertação De Mestrado. Programa De Pós- Graduação Em Engenharia Química - UFPA, 1998.
[4]. ABAL - ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DO ALUMÍNIO. ”Alumínio Brasileiro: Soluções Para Uma Vida Sustentável”. Publicação Própria. São Paulo - SP, 2017. 66p. Disponível Em: Http://Abal.Org.Br/Manifesto-Do-Aluminio/Downloads/ABAL-Aluminio-Sustentavel.Pdf (Acesso: 15/08/2022).
[5]. POWER, G., GRÄFE, M., KLAUBER, C., “Bauxite Residue Issues: I. Current Management, Disposal And Storage Practices”. Hydrometallurgy 108, Pp. 33–45. 2011.