iosr-JDMS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2025

Abstract: Clavicular fractures are among the most frequently encountered injuries in orthopaedic trauma practice, accounting for approximately 2.6–5% of all fractures and up to 44% of shoulder girdle injuries. Despite their relative frequency, bilateral clavicular injuries occurring simultaneously in the same patient are rare. Even more uncommon is the association of bilateral clavicular fracture with unilateral sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) dislocation.....

[1]. Rockwood CA, Matsen FA, Wirth MA, Lippitt SB. Rockwood And Matsen’s The Shoulder. 5th Ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2017.
[2]. Robinson CM. Fractures Of The Clavicle In The Adult: Epidemiology And Classification. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1998;80(3):476–484.
[3]. Standring S, Ed. Gray’s Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis Of Clinical Practice. 42nd Ed. London: Elsevier; 2021.
[4]. Neer CS. Nonunion Of The Clavicle. JAMA. 1960;172:1006–1011.
[5]. Postacchini F, Gumina S, De Santis P, Albo F. Epidemiology Of Clavicle Fractures. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2002;11(5):452–456.
[6]. Banerjee R, Waterman B, Padalecki J, Robertson W. Management Of Distal Clavicle Fractures. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2011;19(7):392–401.

Abstract: Background: Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a known complication of long bone fractures and intramedullary nailing. The relationship between serum lipid profile changes and fat embolism remains an area of interest. This study evaluates the effect of reamed intramedullary nailing on serum lipid profile changes and its association with fat embolism syndrome. Methods: A.....

Key Words – Fat embolism syndrome, serum lipid profile, intramedullary nailing, reaming, long bone fractures

[1]. Amupitan I, Michael OB, Onche II. Management Of Tibia Shaft Fractures Using Unreamed Locked Intramedullary Nails: Our Experience From Jos, North Central, Nigeria. 2015;14(4)33-36.
[2]. Ikem IC, Ogunlusi JD, Ine HR. Achieving Interlocking Nails Without Using An Image Intensifier. International Orthopaedics. 2007;31(4):487-490.
[3]. Ikem I, Oginni L, Bamgboye E. Open Fractures Of The Lower Limb In Nigeria. International Orthopaedics. 2001;25(6):386-388.
[4]. Olasinde A, Oluwadiya K, Olakulehin O, Adetan O. Locked Intramedullary Nailing Of The Femur And Tibia In A Semi Urban Area. Nigerian Journal Of Orthopaedics And Trauma. 2011;10(2):89-91.
[5]. Bonnevialle P, Cauhepe C, Alqoh F, Bellumore Y, Rongieres M, Mansat M, Editors. Risks And Results After Simultaneous Intramedullary Nailing In Bilateral Femoral Fractures: A Retrospective Study Of 40 Cases. Orthopaedic Proceedings; 2002: Orthopaedic Proceedings..

Abstract: Background: Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) in premature infants results from surfactant deficiency and remains a major cause of early neonatal morbidity and mortality. Surfactant replacement therapy has significantly improved outcomes, and newer methods aim to reduce invasiveness and procedure-related complications. This study compares the outcomes of two surfactant administration techniques: INtubation–SURfactant–Extubation (INSURE) and Less Invasive Surfactant Administration (LISA). Materials and.....

Key Words – INSURE; LISA; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Surfactant; Preterm Neonates

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[2]. Sweet DG, Carnielli V, Greisen G, Et Al. European Consensus Guidelines On The Management Of Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Neonatology. 2019;115:432–450.
[3]. Halliday HL. Surfactants: Past, Present And Future. J Perinatol. 2008;28:S47–S56.
[4]. Jobe AH, Bancalari E. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163:1723–1729.
[5]. SUPPORT Study Group Of The Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD Neonatal Research Network. Early CPAP Versus Surfactant In Extremely Preterm Infants. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:1970–1979

Abstract: Background: Excessive gingival display (EGD), or “gummy smile,” can significantly impact facial esthetics and self-confidence. Lip repositioning surgery (LRS) is a minimally invasive procedure that offers a predictable solution, especially in cases involving a hypermobile upper lip. This case report presents a 30-year-old female patient with 6 mm of EGD. Following a thorough clinical evaluation, LRS was performed using the "twice the gingival display.....

Key Words – Lip repositioning, gummy smile, excessive gingival display, hypermobile upper lip, esthetic surgery

[1]. Tjan AH, Miller GD, The JG. Some Esthetic Factors In A Smile. J Prosthet Dent. 1984;51(1):24–8.
[2]. Garber DA, Salama MA. The Esthetic Smile: Diagnosis And Treatment. Periodontol 2000. 1996;11:18–28.
[3]. Zucchelli G, Mazzotti C, Monaco C, Et Al. Esthetic Treatment Of Gingival Discrepancy. Periodontol 2000. 2018;77(1):134–42.
[4]. Godinho J, Gonçalves M, Ozcan M, Ribeiro R. Influence Of Gingival Display And Facial Symmetry On Smile Attractiveness. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2020;32(1):63–70.
[5]. Malkinson S, Waldrop TC, Gunsolley JC, Feldman S. Gingival Display And Attractiveness Of The Smile. J Periodontol. 2013;84(3):371–9.

Abstract: Background: Tensor fascia lata (TFL) is an anterolateral hip muscle that tensions the iliotibial band and contributes to hip stability and gait. Though research commonly examines femoral-neck fractures and hip abductor pathology, specific effects of traumatic injury to the TFL on femoral-neck biomechanics, fracture risk, and healing have not been thoroughly checked. Objectives: To.....

[1]. Physio-Pedia. Tensor Fascia Lata. (Overview Of Anatomy/Function). Physiopedia
[2]. Kenhub. Tensor Fasciae Latae Muscle: Anatomy And Function. (Functional Description And Role In Tension-Banding). Kenhub
[3]. Trammell AP. Anatomy, Bony Pelvis And Lower Limb: Tensor Fasciae Latae. In: Statpearls. 2023. NCBI
[4]. Quinn M, Et Al. Association Of TFL Hypertrophy And Fatty Infiltration After Abductor Tendon Tears. Journal Of Hip Preservation Surgery. 2021. (TFL Compensatory Changes After Abductor Pathology). OUP Academic
[5]. Meijer RPJ, Et Al. A Pseudotumour Of The Thigh: Tensor Fasciae Latae Muscle Hypertrophy. Case Reports. 2017 (Illustrates Clinical Hypertrophy Cases). PMC.

Abstract: For decades, the "post and core" was the bread and butter of restorative dentistry, often applied with a mechanical mindset: the deeper the metal, the better the retention. However, as our understanding of biomechanics has matured, so has our approach to the endodontically treated tooth (ETT). We are currently witnessing a profound shift away from rigid, macro-retentive anchors towards "Biomimetic Dentistry" interventions that....

Key Words – Post-endodontic restoration, Endocrown, Fiber Post, Biomimetics, Ferrule Effect, Minimal Intervention.

[1]. Dietschi D, Duc O, Krejci I, Sadan A. Biomechanical Considerations For The Restoration Of Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Systematic Review Of The Literature--Part 1. Composition And Micro- And Macrostructure Alterations. Quintessence Int. 2007;38(9):733-43.
[2]. Goracci C, Ferrari M. Current Perspectives On Post Systems: A Literature Review. Aust Dent J. 2011;56 Suppl 1:77-83.
[3]. Ferrari M, Vichi A, Grandini S. Efficacy Of Different Adhesive Techniques On Bonding To Root Canal Walls: An SEM Investigation. Dent Mater. 2001;17(5):422-9.
[4]. Grandini S, Goracci C, Monticelli F, Borracchini A, Ferrari M. SEM Evaluation Of The Cement Layer Thickness After Cementation Of Three Different Post Systems. J Prosthet Dent. 2005;93(3):277-84.
[5]. Bindl A, Mörmann WH. Clinical Evaluation Of Adhesively Placed Cerec Endo-Crowns After 2 Years--Preliminary Results. J Adhes Dent. 1999;1(3):255-65

Abstract: Background: Syphilis, caused by Treponema pallidum, remains a significant public health issue, particularly for pregnant women, with the potential to cause severe maternal and fetal complications, including stillbirth, preterm birth, low birth weight, and congenital syphilis. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent these adverse outcomes. Objective: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) and Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination.....

Key Words –Syphilis, RPR, TPHA, biological false positives, antenatal screening, pregnancy, Treponema pallidum.

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[4]. Newman L, Et Al. "Global Burden Of Syphilis In Pregnancy: A Systematic Review." The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Vol. 18, No. 2018, Pp. 770-779.
[5]. Wendel G. Gestational And Congenital Syphilis. Clinperinatol1988; 15:287–303..

Abstract: Introduction: Leptospirosis is one of the most important zoonotic bacterial infections worldwide. It most commonly affects agricultural workers, sewage workers, animal handlers and butchers resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. The infection is estimated to cause one million cases and around 58,900 deaths annually in world, with a case fatality ratio of 6.85%. In 1886, Adolph Weil first described leptospirosis as a febrile illness characterized by icterus, enlarged spleen, renal failure, and conjunctivitis, particularly affecting individuals with outdoor occupations who came into contact with water. The severe form was named ‘Weil’s disease’. Stimson demonstrated.....

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[5]. Vijayachari P, Sugunan AP, Shriram AN. Leptospirosis: An Emerging Global Public Health Problem. J Biosci. 2008 Nov;33(4):557–69. Doi:10.1007/S12038-008-0074-Z.

Abstract: Introduction Poor oral hygiene and its complications have been well studied; research has revealed the positive impact of good oral hygiene practices on both oral and systemic health. However, the impact of the knowledge of these complications and oral hygiene practices demands more research attention.
Objectives To evaluate.....

Keywords: Correlation, Poor Oral Hygiene, Systemic complications, Oral hygiene Practices

[1]. S. Akl, M. Ranatunga, S. Long, Et Al. A Systematic Review Investigating Patient Knowledge And Awareness On The Association Between Oral Health And Their Systemic Condition. Bmc Public Health Vol. 21, Pp. 2077 (2021). Https://Doi.Org/10.1186/S12889-021-12016-9
[2]. Y. Mulatu, M. Mehdi, Y, Abaynew. Association Between Oral Hygiene Knowledge And Practices Among Older Dental Patients Attending Private Dental Clinics In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Bdj Open. Vol.10, No.1, Pp. 59. 2024 Doi: 10.1038/S41405-024-00243-2. Pmid: 39013868; Pmcid: Pmc11252320.
[3]. E. Kotronia, H. Brown, A.O. Papacosta, L.T. Lennon, R. J. Weyant, P.H. Whincup, Oral Health And All-Cause, Cardiovascular Disease, And Respiratory Mortality In Older People In The Uk And Usa. Sci Rep. Vol.11, No.1 Pp.16452. 2021.Doi: 10.1038/S41598-021-95865-Z. Pmid: 34385519; Pmcid: Pmc8361186.
[4]. F. D'aiuto, J. Suvan, N. Siripaiboonpong, M. A. Gatzoulis, F. D'aiuto, The Root Of The Matter: Linking Oral Health To Chronic Diseases Prevention, International Journal Of Cardiology Congenital Heart Disease,Vol. 19, 2025, 100574,Issn 2666-6685, Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ijcchd.2025.100574.
[5]. P. Natarajan, S. Madanian, S. Marshall, Investigating The Link Between Oral Health Conditions And Systemic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. Sci Rep Vol. 15, 10476 (2025). Https://Doi.Org/10.1038/S41598-025-92523-6.

Abstract: Brunner’s hyperplastic nodule also known as Brunner’s adenoma, Brunneroma is a rare tumor of duodenum. Most of the presentation are asymptomatic, but can also present as upper gastrointestinal bleeding or with obstruction. The Etiology of Brunner's gland adenoma is unknown. An increase in stomach acid output has been postulated.....

Key Words – Brunner’s gland, Hyperplastic nodule, Brunner’s adenoma, Endoscopy, Gastritis, H pylori Infection, Biopsy, Hamartoma, Hyperplasia, Brunneroma

[1]. Dhouha B, Ahlem L, Sana BS, Et Al. Unexpected Cause For Duodenal Obstruction: Brunner’s Gland Hyperplasia. Pathologica. 2017;109(4):414–7.
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[3]. Abbass R, Al-Kawas FH. Brunner Gland Hamartoma. Gastroenterol Hepatol (NY). 2008;4(7):473–5.
[4]. Kovacevic I, Ljubicic N, Cupic H, Doko M, Zovak M, Troskot B, Kujundzić M, Banić M. Helicobacter Pylori Infection In Patients With Brunner’s Gland Adenoma. Acta Med Croatica 2001; 55: 157-60.
[5]. Rocco A, Borriello P, Compare D, Et Al. Large Brunner’s Gland Adenoma: Case Report And Literature Review. World J Gastroenterol. 2006;12(12):1966–8.

Abstract: Mucoceles are common benign lesions of the oral cavity, typically presenting as solitary swellings due to minor salivary gland duct disruption. Multiple mucoceles particularly in paediatric patients, are exceedingly rare and pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. We report an unusual case of 11-year-old female child presenting with three simultaneous mucoceles of different sizes, on the lower lip with no history of trauma or systemic conditions, clinically seen.....

Key Words – Multiple mucoceles, paediatric, minor salivary gland, surgical excision

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