iosr-JDMS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2025

Abstract: Background: Breast pathologies, ranging from benign to malignant conditions, are commonly encountered in clinical practice. Early and accurate diagnosis plays a critical role in determining appropriate treatment and improving patient outcomes. Ultrasonography (US) is a widely used, non-invasive imaging modality that aids in the evaluation of breast lesions. However, its diagnostic accuracy is often enhanced when correlated with histopathological findings, offering a comprehensive approach for precise diagnosis. Objective: This......

[1]. Correlation Between Ultrasonographic Findings and Histopathological Findings in Breast Lesions. Correlation of Ultrasound & Mammography to Histopathology Results in Breast Cancer. A One Year Study at King Khalid Hospital, Najran, Saudi Arabia
[2]. Correlation Between Ultrasonographic Features and Pathologic Features in Breast Disorders (Japanese journal of Clinical Oncology)
[3]. Ultrasound Findings of Breast Masses With Histopathological Correlation: A Prospective Study (Student’s Journal of Health Research Africa)

Abstract: Background: Post Tuberculosis Lung Disease (PTLD) are anatomical and pathophysiological change in the lung which is secondary to complications of TB. The primary aim is to correlate lung ultrasound findings with spirometry and chest CT.
Material and methods: This study was conducted on 50 symptomatic patients with chest radiographic &/or CT thorax abnormalities....

Keywords: Post-Tuberculosis Lung Disease, Spirometry, Thoracic Ultrasonography.

[1]. Numerical Study On Lung Ultrasound B. LINE Formation As A Function Of Imaging Frequency And Alveolar Geometry: The Journal Of Acoustic Society Of America, 149,2304.
[2]. Clinical Tuberculosis: Diagnosis And Treatment., Jaypee Pub.
[3]. Tuberculosis – European Respiratory Society.
[4]. Diagnostic Imaging Of The Chest-Dag Wormanns
[5]. Thoracic Ultrasound: Christian B Laursen, Najib Rahman, Giovanni Volpicelli

Abstract: Background: Cisatracurium is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent widely used for endotracheal intubation owing to its cardiovascular stability and predictable metabolism. Cisatracurium is a benzylisoquinolinium neuromuscular blocker commonly used for endotracheal intubation and surgical muscle relaxation. Dose selection balances the need for rapid onset and adequate intubation conditions against longer duration and the....

Keywords: Cisatracurium, Goldberg intubating condition, duration of action,ED95, Histamine, Hemodynamic parameters

[1]. Prabhudev K, Hadimani C. A Prospective Clinical Comparative Assessment Of Intubating Conditions And Neuromuscular Blocking Effects Of Two Different Doses Of Cisatracurium. Acad Anesthesiol Int. 2020; 5(1): 34–40.
[2]. Bluestein LS, Stinson LW Jr, Lennon RL, Quessy SN, Wilson RA. Evaluation Of Cisatracurium, A New Neuromuscular Blocking Agent, For Tracheal Intubation. Can J Anaesth. 1996;43(9):925–31.
[3]. Vasam Rajesh Kumar, Ninave S, Chakole V. Pharmacology Of Cisatracurium Besylate. J Pharm Res Int. 2021;33(60B):1701–9.
[4]. Kasaby HE, Ataf AM. Comparative Evaluation Of Atracurium And Different Doses Of Cisatracurium On Onset Time, Duration Of Action And Intubating Conditions: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Egypt J Anaesth. 2010;26(3):219–224.
[5]. Kim H, Lee J, Park J, Et Al. Comparison Of Recommended Intubating Doses Of Cisatracurium In ASA I–II Patients: A Randomized Study. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2016;69(2):127–132.

Abstract: Background: Inflammation of the lips and vermilion border is commonly associated with allergic reactions. This condition occurs as a result of a type IV hypersensitivity reaction following contact with allergens. Sources of allergens include dental materials, cosmetics, food products, and other substances.
Case Presentation: A 7- year-old boy, presented with complaints of lip thickening, burning sensation, itching, pain, and dryness for three days. The patient had previously sought treatment from a nearby healthcare provider without...

Keywords: lip, perioral inflammation, hypersensitivity

[1]. Groot A De. Contact Allergy To (Ingredients Of) Toothpastes. DERMATITIS. 2017;28(02). Doi:10.1097/DER.0000000000000255
[2]. Indartin D. Oral Mucosal Diseases In Primary School Students. Int J Med Sci Clin Res Stud. 2023;03(12):3108-3112. Doi:10.47191/Ijmscrs/V3-I12-33
[3]. Zahreni Hamzah, Dyah Indartin Setyowati, Tecky Indriana S. Oral Health Reflects The General Health Of Elderly. J Int Dent Med Res. 2024;17(1):400- 406.
[4]. Johnkennedy N, Treasure N Obi, Hauwa B, State I, State I, Kaduna Z. Journal La Medihealtico. 2022;03(02):142-145. Doi:10.37899/Journallamedihealtico.V3i2.623
[5]. Blagec T, Crnarić I, Homolak D, Pondeljak N, Buljan M. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ALLERGIC REACTIONS AND LIP INFLAMMATORY LESIONS ( CHEILITIS ). Acta Clin Croat. 2023;62(3):415-425. Doi:10.20471/Acc.2023.62.03.3

Abstract: Osteomyelitis of the mid-foot tarsal bones is uncommon, particularly in the absence of trauma or systemic predisposing factors. We report a rare case of osteomyelitis involving the navicular, cuneiform, and cuboid bones in a 50-year-old male who presented with insidious onset pain of two months’ duration. Radiographs, CT, and MRI confirmed destructive changes suggestive of chronic osteomyelitis. The patient underwent surgical debridement with autologous bone grafting of the defect and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) augmentation. Histopathological...

[1]. Lew Dp, Waldvogel Fa. Osteomyelitis. Lancet. 2004;364(9431):369–379.
[2]. Cierny G, Mader Jt, Penninck Jj. A Clinical Staging System For Adult Osteomyelitis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2003.
[3]. Tiemann Ah Et Al. Chronic Osteomyelitis: Diagnosis And Treatment. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2014.
[4]. Resnick D, Kransdorf Mj. Bone And Joint Imaging. 3rd Ed. Elsevier; 2005.

Abstract: Introduction: The association between temporomandibular disorders, headache and psychological factors including anxiety, depression and somatization has been recognized in many clinical and experimental studies. Aim: Introduce a new grading system or classification of somatization in temporomandibular disorder patients presenting with Tension-Type Headache and discuss its clinical utility.
Methods: Clinical...

Keywords:Temporomandibular Disorders. Tension – Type Headache. Somatization. Grading System

[1]. Dimitroulos G. Temporomandibular Disorders: A Clinical Update. BMJ 1998; 317: 190-4.
[2]. Fantoni F, Salvetti G, Manfredini D, Bosco M. Current Concepts On The Functional Somatic Syndromes And Temporomandibular Disorders. Stomatologija 2007; 9: 3-9.
[3]. Molina OF, Peixoto MS, Santos ZC, Sobreiro MA, Fregonesi M, Torres SP, Hassumi MY. Tension – Type Headache Of Longer Duration Is Associated With Higher Frequency Of Nausea And Vomiting In Temporomandibular Disorder Individuals. IOSR Journals 2019; 18: 42-46.
[4]. Mommayezzi M, Fallahzadeh H, Mommayezzi M. Prevalence Of Migraine And Tension Type Headache In Yazd, In. Zahedan J Res Med 2015; 17: 966-72.
[5]. Di Paolo C, D´Urso A, Di Sabato F, Rosella D, Pompa G, Polimeni A. Temporomandibular Disorders And Headache: A Retrospective Analysis Of 1198 Patients. Pain Res Management 2017; 2017: 1-8.

Abstract: Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders constitute a set of signs and symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders in the orofacial region characterized by a complaint of pain, joint noises and limited jaw movements. Current evidence indicates that some psychological factors including anxiety, depression and somatization predominate in patients with temporomandibular disorders.
Aim: Evaluate the frequency of...

Keywords:Temporomandibular Disorders. Tension-Type Headache. Severe somatization

[1] Silva TB, Salbergo RS, Ilha RS, Dutra TF, Tomazoni F, Chami VD Et Al. Association Between Chronic Pain, Depression, Somatization And Temporomandibular Disorders In Southern Brazilian Population. Acta Scientiarium, Health Sciences 2023; 45: 1’7.
[2] Manfredini D, Borella L, Favero L, Ferronato G, Guarda-Nardini L. Chronic Pain Severity And Depression/Somatization Levels In TMD Patients. Int J Prosthodont 2010; 23: 529-34.
[3] Ballegaard V, Thede-Schmidt-Hansen P, Svensson P, Jensen R. Are Headache And Temporomandibular Disorders Related? A Blinded Study. Cephalalgia 2008; 28: 832-41.
[4] Gui MS, Rizzatti-Barbosa C. Chronicity Factors Of Temporomandibular Disorders: A Critical Review Of The Literature. Braz Oral Res 2015, 29: 1’6.
[5] Molina OF, Peixoto M, Santos Z, Sobreiro MA, Fregonesi M, Torres SP Et Al. Tension-Type Headache Of Longer Duration Is Associated With Higher Frequency Of Nausea And Vomiting In Temporomandibular Disorder Individuals. IOSR-JDMS 2019; 18: 42-46.

Abstract: Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders constitute a set of signs and symptoms of musculoskeletal origin sometimes associated with acute or chronic migraine, chronic daily headache and tension-type headache. There is a paucity of research about chronic tension-type headache in subjects with temporomandibular disorders and headache.
Aim: Test the hypothesis...

Keywords:Temporomandibular Disorders. Tension-Type Headache. Severe Somatization. Chronic Pain

[1] Emshoff R, Bertram F, Schnabl D, Emshoff I. Association Between Chronic Tension-Type Headache Coexistent With Chronic Temporomandibular Disorder Pain And Imitations In Physical And Emotional Functioning: A Case-Control Study. J Oral Facial Pain Headache 2017; 31: 55-60-
[2] Wickiewicz M, Grychowska N, Nahajowski M, Hnitecka S, Kempiak K, Charemska K Et Al. Prevalence And Overlaps Of Headache And Pain-Related Temporomandibular Disorders Among The Polish Urban Population. J Oral Facial Pain And Headache. 2020: 34: 31-39.
[3] Genis B, Hocaogluc. Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders And Treatment Options In Temporomandibular Disorders And Bruxism. Curr Approaches In Psychiatr 2020; 12: 205-31.
[4] Suvinen TI, Reade PC, Kemppainen P, Dworkin SF. Review Of Etiological Concepts Of Temporomandibular Pain Disorders: Towards A Biopsychosocial Model For Integration Of Physical Disorder Factors With Psychological And Psychosocial Illness Impact Factors. Eur J Pain 2005; 9: 613-633.

Abstract: Introduction: Somatization is the displacement of psychic conflict into bodily complaints. Temporomandibular disorders have been frequently related to psychosomatic disorders. It is believed that multiple complaints also occur in and/or adjacent to the masticatory system. Such complaints may be related to somatization. Aim: Compare differences in pain sites in and or adjacent to the masticatory system and evaluate a potential correlation between scores in somatization and scores in pain sites in a sample of subjects presenting with temporomandibular...

Keywords:Temporomandibular disorders. Tension-type headache. Somatization. Pain sites

[1] Lovgren A, Osterlund C, Ilgunas A, Lampa E, Hellstrom F. A High Prevalence Of TMD Is Related To Somatic Awareness And Pain Intensity Among Healthy Dental Students. AOS 2018; 76: 387-93.
[2] Velly AM, Chen H, Ferreira JR, Fricton JR. Temporomandibular Disorders And Its Relation With Fibromyalgia. In: R.J. Moore (Ed). Handbook Of Pain And Palliative Care: Biobehavioral Approaches For The Life Course P.399-415, 2012.
[3] Restrepo C, Ortiz AM, Henao AC, Manrique R. Association Between Psychological Factors And Temporomandibular Disorders In Adolescents Of Rural And Urban Zones. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21: 1-11.
[4] Molina OF, Marcal R, Torres SM, Cesar EW, Gama KR, Fregonesi M. Hostility, Pain Sites And Somatization In A Selected Population Of Craniomandibular Disorders Subjects With Long-Standing Tension-Type Headache. IOSR J Dent Med Sci 2022; 21: 64-71.
[5] Abbas A, Lovas D, Purdy A. Direct Diagnosis And Management Of Emotional Factors In Chronic Headache Patients. Cephalalgia 2008; 28: 1305-14.

Abstract: Introduction: Osteoarthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint is a chronic inflammatory and destructive process of the soft and hard tissues. The process is considered as one or the final stage of the so-called internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint. Because osteoarthritis is a long – standing pathological process, it is expected that at least one pathological disorder, in this case TMJ arthralgia precedes the development of full characteristics...

Keywords:Temporomandibular Joint. Osteoarthritis. Arthralgia. Internal Derangements

[1] Freyne B, Boadum O, Lone M, Balta JV. Pain Patterns Of The Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction And Implications Of Stress-Related Behaviors: A Pilot Study. Int J Morphol 2024: 42: 1-8.
[2] Tatli U, Machon V. Internal Derangements Of The Temporomandibular Joint: Diagnosis And Management. Intech 2018; Chapter In Book, P.47-52.
[3] De Souza JB. Dor Articular: Inflamatória Ou Neuropática? Rev Ciências Em Saúde 2017; 7: 1-6.
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[5] Harrison AL, Thorp JN, Ritzline PD. A Proposed Diagnostic Classification Of Patients With Temporomandibular Disorders: Implications For Physical Therapists. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014; 44: 182-97..

Abstract: This cross-sectional study investigated factors associated with delayed health seeking behavior among sexual assault survivors presenting to the Adult Rape Clinic at Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals in Harare, Zimbabwe, to understand barriers to early reporting within the crucial 72-hour window. The study utilized the Health Belief Model as a theoretical framework. The objectives were to identify barriers, explore characteristics...

Keywords:Adult Rape Clinic, Delayed Health Seeking Behavior, Sexual Assault

[1]. Mashamba-Thompson, T.P., Sartorius, B., Drain, P.K., & Sartorius, K., Geographic And Economic Factors Hindering Survivors’ Access To Healthcare Facilities Globally, Social Science & Medicine, 186, 2017, 10–19.
[2]. Smith, S., & Brown, J., Barriers To Healthcare Access Among Women Exposed To Intimate Partner Violence: A Systematic Review, Journal Of Interpersonal Violence, 30(12), 2015, 2034–2052.
[3]. Kearns, M.C., Withers, M.C., & Peterson, Z.D., Sexual Assault Help-Seeking And Disclosure: A Review And Assessment Of The Literature, Violence And Victims, 33(4), 2018, 655–676.
[4]. Jones, L., Means, B., Maxwell, C., & Mitchell, R., Understanding Delayed Reporting Among Survivors Of Intimate Partner Violence, Journal Of Family Violence, 35(3), 2020, 245–259.
[5]. Campbell, R., Dworkin, E., & Cabral, G., An Ecological Model Of The Impact Of Sexual Assault On Women’s Mental Health, Trauma, Violence & Abuse, 19(4), 2018, 418–431..

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming healthcare globally, and its impact is increasingly being felt in surgical domains, particularly general surgery. In India, where surgical resources are often stretched and disparities in healthcare access persist, AI offers a significant potential to enhance surgical precision, optimize workflow, and improve patient outcomes. This review paper presents an overview of the applications, benefits, limitations, and future prospects of AI in general surgery in India. It highlights how AI technologies such as computer vision, machine learning, robotic-assisted surgery, and predictive analytics are revolutionizing pre-operative planning, intra-operative assistance, and post-operative care. The paper also discusses challenges including infrastructure...

[1]. NITI Aayog. (2021). Responsible AI For All: Strategy For India.
[2]. Indian Council Of Medical Research (ICMR) Guidelines For AI In Healthcare (2023).
[3]. Topol EJ. High-Performance Medicine: The Convergence Of Human And Artificial Intelligence. Nat Med. 2019.
[4]. Wang D, Et Al. Artificial Intelligence In General Surgery: A Narrative Review. Surg Pract Sci. 2022.
[5]. Lang Et Al. August 2023; Artificial Intelligence-Supported Screen Reading Versus Standard Double Reading In The Mammography Screening With Artificial Intelligence Trial (MASAI): A Clinical Safety Analysis; 24(8):936-944; DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(23)00298-X.

Abstract: Pre-eclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy characterized by systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and abnormal lipid metabolism, and it remains a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study evaluated serum lipid profile and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in pre-eclamptic women compared with normotensive pregnant controls and examined their relationship with blood pressure indices. A total of 100 pregnant women aged 18–40 years were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Enugu, comprising 50 pre-eclamptic patients and 50 normotensive controls. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein.....

Keywords: Pre-eclampsia, Lipid profile, C-reactive protein, Dyslipidaemia, Hypertension, Inflammation, Pregnancy.

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