iosr-JDMS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2025

Abstract: Pentalogy of Cantrell (PC) is an extremely rare multiple congenital malformation syndrome It was first described in 1958 by James R. Cantrell et al.1
It comprises of the following five characteristics: (1) midline, upper abdominal wall disorder.....

[1]. Teresa Mendaluk, Agata Mościcka, Bartłomiej Mroziński, Et Al. The Incomplete Pentalogy Of Cantrell – A Case Report. Pediatria Polska 90 (2015) 241–244.
[2]. Claudiu Ma˘ Rginean, Cristina Oana Ma˘ Rginean, Liliana Gozar, Et Al. Cantrell Syndrome—A Rare Complex Congenital Anomaly: A Case Report And Literature Review. Frontiers In Pediatrics | Www.Frontiersin. July 2018 | Volume 6 | Article 201.
[3]. Surachart Chaiwiriyakul, Lerluck Sakdapreecha, Junya Jirapradittha,Et Al. Incomplete Pentalogy Of Cantrell: A Case Report. Asian Archives Of Pathology 2014; Vol. 10 No.2, 54-58.
[4]. Amir Hossein Jafaria, Abbas Ali Omidi, Alireza Fazel,Et Al. Pentalogy Of Cantrell: A Case Report. JRMS/ January 2011; Vol 16, No 1.
[5]. Muneer Fazea, Mansour Alhameli, Faisal Ahmed, Et Al. Pentalogy Of Cantrell Associated With Ectopia Cordis: A Case Report. Pediatric Health, Medicine And Therapeutics 2022:13.

Abstract: Purpose: Educational researchers have postulated that each individual has a unique learning style. Many methods are available for assessing the learning styles, with each method offering a distinctly different view of the learning style preferences. VARK is a questionnaire which was developed by Neil Fleming in 1987 improve faculty development and to help students become better learners. This study was conducted to assess the preferred learning style.....

Key Word: Curriculum, teaching, education

[1]. Khanal L, Shah S, Koirala S. Exploration Of Preferred Learning Styles In Medical Education Using VARK Modal. Russian Open Medical Journal. 2014; 3(3): 0305
[2]. Shenoy N, Shenoy A, Ratnakar U P. The Perceptual Preferences In Learning Among Dental Students In Clinical Subjects. J Clin Diagn Res. 2013; 7(8): 1683-1685.
[3]. Peyman H, Sadeghifar J, Khajavikhan J, Yasemi M, Rasool M, Yaghoubi Y M Et Al. Using VARK Approach For Assessing Preferred Learning Styles Of First Year Medical Sciences Students: A Survey From Iran. 2014 ; 8(8): GC01-GC04. [4]. Panambur S, Nambiar V, Heming T. Learning Style Preferences Of Preclinical Medical Students In Oman. Oman Medical Journal. 2014; 29(6): 461-463.
[5]. Introduction To VARK. Do You Know How You Learn? [Cited 15 June 2017].
Available From: Http://Vark-Learn.Com/Introduction-To-Vark

Abstract: Swellings in the neck are a common presentation in adults in ENT OPD however, midline neck swellings in adolescents often raise concerns for congenital anomalies, benign thyroid nodules or rarely malignancies. Peripheral nerves sheath tumours especially Neurofibromas are the last to be suspected and more so a large multinodular swelling involving the whole gland with a woody hard consistency and short duration of history poses a diagnostic challenge. We present a case of a 14-year-old girl with a solitary large multinodular neurofibroma....

[1]. The Evolving Classification Of Soft Tissue Tumours: An Update Based On The New WHO Classification. Fletcher CD. Histopathology. 2006;48:3–12. Doi: 10.1111/J.1365-2559.2005.02284.X.
[2]. Belakhoua SM, Rodriguez FJ. Diagnostic Pathology Of Tumors Of Peripheral Nerve. Neurosurgery. 2021 Feb 16;88(3):443-456. Doi: 10.1093/Neuros/Nyab021. PMID: 33588442; PMCID: PMC7884141.
[3]. Parizel, P. M.; Simoens, W. A.; Matos, C.; Verstraete, K. L. (1997), De Schepper, Arthur M.; Parizel, Paul M.; Ramon, Frank; De Beuckeleer, Luc (Eds.), "Tumors Of Peripheral Nerves", Imaging Of Soft Tissue Tumors, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, Pp. 271–298, Doi:10.1007/978-3-662-07859-4_17, ISBN 978-3-662-07859-4, Retrieved 2024-09-07
[4]. Jahangir Moini, Nicholas G. Avgeropoulos, Mohtashem Samsam, Chapter 11 - Neurofibroma, Epidemiology Of Brain And Spinal Tumors, Academic Press, 2021, Pages 197-214,ISBN 9780128217368,Doi.Org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821736-8.00020-0.
[5]. Kim DH, Murovic JA, Tiel RL, Moes G, Kline DG. A Series Of 397 Peripheral Neural Sheath Tumors: 30-Year Experience At Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center. J Neurosurg. 2005 Feb;102(2):246-55. Doi: 10.3171/Jns.2005.102.2.0246. PMID: 15739552

Abstract: Excessive depth of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) can make needling difficult during hemodialysis. We report the case of a 56‑year‑old female patient with chronic renal failure, presenting a deep left humero‑basilic fistula located 1.21 cm beneath the skin, making cannulation difficult. Under tumescent local anesthesia, ultrasound‑guided liposuction was performed, removing 200 cc of adipose tissue along the anterior and lateral aspects of the fistula. Two‑week ultrasound follow‑up showed a significant reduction in depth to 0.44.....

[1]. Florescu MC, Et Al. Liposuction For Superficialization Of Deep Hemodialysis Vascular Access: A Novel Application. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2024;12:E5421.
[2]. Rajput S, Et Al. Liposuction To Improve Vascular Access In Hemodialysis Patients With Arteriovenous Fistulas. J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech. 2022;8(4):719-725.

Abstract: Hemisection is a conservative approach that preserves the healthy portion of a compromised molar by removing the diseased root [6,7]. This case report details the functional rehabilitation of a hemisectioned right mandibular first molar using a graphene nanoreinforced biopolymer crown. Graphene-based dental materials have gained popularity due to their antimicrobial properties, biocompatibility, and superior mechanical strength, making them a promising alternative in prosthetic dentistry [4,9,]. A modified crown design was employed, incorporating an occlusal rest.....

Keywords: Hemisection, Graphene crown, Mandibular molar,Nanoreinforced biopolymer crown

[1]. Lin TS, Yang Y, Chen Y, Et Al. Restorative Option For Hemisected Root Canal Treated Mandibular Molars: A Case Report And Review. J Appl Dent Sci. 2025;11(1):45-50.
[2]. Jathan KK, Kumar P, Sharma A, Et Al. The Effect Of Surface Treatments On The Retentive Strength Of Crowns Fabricated From PMMA And Graphene-Reinforced Biopolymer. J Prosthet Dent. 2024;132(3):305-310.
[3]. Singh M, Patel S, Sharma S. A Novel Approach For Restoration Of Hemisected Mandibular Molar: Interdisciplinary Management. J Dent Sci Ther. 2017;8(2):45-50.
[4]. Alshamaa AA, Alshamaa MA, Alshamaa SA. Mechanical Properties And Biocompatibility Of Graphene-Reinforced Dental Materials: A Systematic Review. J Dent Mater. 2025;41(1):10-15.

Abstract: Purpose- To report a rare complication of large Descemet’s membrane detachment (DMD) while doing trabeculectomy and its timely management.
Case Report- A 60-year-old female presented with pain, redness, and watering in the left eye for three weeks. Examination revealed conjunctival congestion, a mid-dilated fixed pupil, and multiple failed YAG peripheral iridotomies, with an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 40 mmHg despite maximal medical therapy. A diagnosis of unresolved acute....

Keywords: DMD, post trabeculectomy, Acute angle closure attack, AS OCT, C3F8 injection, Visco-partition

[1]. Li YH, Shi JM, Fan F, Duan XC, Jia SB. Descemet Membrane Detachment After Trabeculectomy. Int J Ophthalmol. 2012;5(4):527-529. PMID: 22977354; PMCID: PMC3428555. PMC
[2]. Sharifipour F, Nassiri S, Idan A. Descemet’s Membrane Detachment Management Following Trabeculectomy. J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2016;11(3):323-325. Doi:10.4103/2008-322X.188403 Semantic Scholar+1
[3]. Macsai MS, Gainer KM, Chisholm LM. Repair Of Descemet's Membrane Detachment With Perfluoropropane (C₃F₈). Cornea. 1998;17(2):129-134. Doi:10.1097/00003226-199803000-00007 Lippincott Journals
[4]. Sharifipour F, Nassiri S, Idan A. (Same As #2 But Expanded) J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2016;11:323-325. DOI: 10.4103/2008-322X.188403 Semantic Scholar+1
[5]. Beniwal A, Garg P, Gupta S, Et Al. Descemet’s Membrane Detachment: An Updated Review. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2024;72(10):??-??. (Advance Online Publication). Lippincott Journals.

Abstract: Background: Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE), also named epithelioid hemangioma, is an uncommon, benign vascular proliferation. It is characterised by dermal or subcutaneous red or brown papules or nodules, most commonly on the head and neck region. Histologically, it is characterised by a vascular proliferation with epithelioid endothelial cells, accompanied by a surrounding lymphocytic and eosinophilic infiltrate.....

Keywords: Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia, wide local excision, Kimura disease, split thickness skin graft, squamous cell carcinoma of the pinna, rare ear swelling

[1]. Wells GC, Whimster IW. Subcutaneous Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia With Eosinophilia. Br J Dermatol. 1969;81(1):1–14.
[2]. Weiss SW, Enzinger FM. Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma: A Vascular Tumor Often Mistaken For A Carcinoma. Cancer. 1982;50(5):970–981.
[3]. Fetsch JF, Weiss SW. Observations Concerning The Pathogenesis Of Epithelioid Hemangioma (Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia). Mod Pathol. 1991;4(4): 449–455.
[4]. Kurihara Y, Inoue H, Kiryu H, Furue M. Epithelioid Hemangioma (Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia With Eosinophilia) In Zosteriform Distribution. Indian J Dermatol. 2012;57(5):401–403.
[5]. Nonose R, Priolli DG, Cardinalli IA, Et Al. Epithelioid Hemangioma Of The Colon: A Case Report. Sao Paulo Med J. 2008;126(5):294–296

Abstract: Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor of adrenal medulla that poses significant anesthetic challenges due to its unpredictable hemodynamic fluctuations. Medical management by multidisciplinary approach is essential for hemodynamic stability during the perioperative period. Vigilant anesthetic management with beat-to-beat variability of hemodynamics....

Keywords: Adrenal medulla, catecholamine, laparoscopic adrenalectomy, pheochromocytoma.

[1]. Gladston DV, Nair VA, Valasareddy SK. Anaesthesiologist’s Perspective Of Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy-A Case Report With Current Concepts In Management.
[2]. Michaud KL, Thiele RH, Forkin KT. Anesthetic Management Of Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy For A Patient With Concomitant Pheochromocytoma And Bilateral Carotid Artery Stenosis. Case Reports In Anesthesiology. 2023;2023(1):2172464.
[3]. Bouaiyda A, Jeddab A, Mounir K, Jaafari A, Bensghir M, Balkhi H. Anesthetic Management Of Pheochromocytoma Complicated By Takotsubo Syndrome: A Case Report About A Dual Challenge. International Journal Of Surgery Case Reports. 2025 Jun 19:111544.
[4]. Sprung J, O’Hara Jr JF, Gill IS, Abdelmalak B, Sarnaik A, Bravo EL. Anesthetic Aspects Of Laparoscopic And Open Adrenalectomy For Pheochromocytoma. Urology. 2000 Mar 1;55(3):339-43.
[5]. Gunseren KO, Cicek MC, Bolat D, Yeni S, Vuruskan H, Oz Gul O, Yavascaoglu I. Is Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy For Pheochromocytoma Safe And Effective In Geriatric Patients?. International Journal Of Clinical Practice. 2021 Sep;75(9):E14427.

Abstract: Background: Maintaining the vitality of the dental pulp is pivotal to preserving tooth function and longevity. Conventional pulp capping agents such as calcium hydroxide and MTA primarily promote reparative dentin formation but fall short in controlling inflammation—an essential factor in successful pulp healing. Flavonoids, naturally occurring plant-based polyphenols, have emerged as exciting bioactive compounds due to their anti-inflammatory,....

Keywords: Flavonoids, pulp capping, vital pulp therapy, dental pulp inflammation, dentinogenesis, hesperidin, EGCG, baicalin.

[1]. Gladston DV, Nair VA, Valasareddy SK. Anaesthesiologist’s Perspective Of Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy-A Case Report With Current Concepts In Management.
[2]. Michaud KL, Thiele RH, Forkin KT. Anesthetic Management Of Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy For A Patient With Concomitant Pheochromocytoma And Bilateral Carotid Artery Stenosis. Case Reports In Anesthesiology. 2023;2023(1):2172464.
[3]. Bouaiyda A, Jeddab A, Mounir K, Jaafari A, Bensghir M, Balkhi H. Anesthetic Management Of Pheochromocytoma Complicated By Takotsubo Syndrome: A Case Report About A Dual Challenge. International Journal Of Surgery Case Reports. 2025 Jun 19:111544.
[4]. Sprung J, O’Hara Jr JF, Gill IS, Abdelmalak B, Sarnaik A, Bravo EL. Anesthetic Aspects Of Laparoscopic And Open Adrenalectomy For Pheochromocytoma. Urology. 2000 Mar 1;55(3):339-43.
[5]. Gunseren KO, Cicek MC, Bolat D, Yeni S, Vuruskan H, Oz Gul O, Yavascaoglu I. Is Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy For Pheochromocytoma Safe And Effective In Geriatric Patients?. International Journal Of Clinical Practice. 2021 Sep;75(9):E14427.

Abstract: Background / Aim This study aimed to evaluate the awareness and impact of social media on oral hygiene maintenance among the general public. With the increasing use of platforms such as Instagram and YouTube for health-related information, the research sought to determine whether such exposure influences public knowledge, trust, and oral care practices. Methodology,....

Keywords:Oral hygiene, social media, awareness, public health, dental education

[1]. Nazir MA. Prevalence Of Periodontal Disease, Its Association With Systemic Diseases And Prevention. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2017;11(2):72–80. Link
[2]. Patil SS, Et Al. Social Media Use And Adolescent Oral Health: A Scoping Review. BMC Oral Health. 2023;23:529. Link
[3]. Aldhuwayhi S, Et Al. Instagram’s Impact On Dental Consumers: Analyzing Toothpaste And Oral-Health Content. Front Oral Health. 2024;5:1455112. Link
[4]. Chaffee BW, Et Al. Effectiveness Of Whatsapp-Based Oral-Health Promotion Interventions. J Clin Periodontol. 2022;49(8):731–739. Link
[5]. Yadav K, Et Al. Social Media Interventions And Oral Hygiene Outcomes: A Systematic Review. J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2022;22(2):101684. Link

Abstract: Dental implants have become a highly successful treatment modality for restoring partial and complete edentulism, with long-term survival rates exceeding 90%. However, mechanical complications—particularly abutment screw loosening—continue to challenge clinicians and compromise prosthesis stability. This review explores the biomechanical and material determinants influencing abutment screw stability in dental implants. Key factors such as implant–abutment connection design, retightening protocols, functional loading, component dimensions, and....

Keywords: Dental Implants; Abutment screw loosening; Preload; Torque loss; Biomechanical stability.

[1]. Brånemark P-I, Breine U, Adell R, Et Al. Intra-Osseous Anchorage Of Dental Prostheses:I. Experimental Studies. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg 1969; 3: 81–100.
[2]. Jokstad A. Common Complications With Implants And Implant Prostheses: What Complications Are Associated With Dental Implants? Evid Based Dent 2004; 5: 70–71.
[3]. Alsubaiy EF. Abutment Screw Loosening In Implants: A Literature Review. J Fam Med Prim Care 2020; 9: 5490–5494.
[4]. Sahin C, Ayyildiz S. Correlation Between Microleakage And Screw Loosening At Implant-Abutment Connection. J Adv Prosthodont 2014; 6: 35–38.
[5]. Kanneganti KC, Vinnakota DN, Pottem SR, Et Al. Comparative Effect Of Implant-Abutment Connections, Abutment Angulations, And Screw Lengths On Preloaded Abutment Screw Using Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis: An In Vitro Study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2018; 18: 161–167..

Abstract: Background and Aims: A direct pulp capping is the process where bio-compatible materials is applied over dental pulp to preserve its vitality and induce reparative dentine formation. For decades, calcium hydroxide was the most common pulp capping material. However, due to its known disadvantages recent materials have been introduced such as mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the knowledge....

Keywords: Direct pulp capping, indirect pulp capping, Calcium hydroxide, MTA, Biodetine

[1]. Parirokh, M., & Torabinejad, M. Mineral Trioxide Aggregates: A Comprehensive Literature Review. Journal Of Endodontics.2010: 36(1), 16–27.
[2]. Morrison, E. C., Spencer, P., & Sahrmann, C. Management Of Deep Caries And The Vital Pulp In Restorative Dentistry. Journal Of The American Dental Association. 2011: 142(5), 561-568.
[3]. Nawras Maher Mostafa, Sandy Ahmed Moussa, "Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) Vs Calcium Hydroxide In Direct Pulp Capping, Literature Review" ARC Journal Of Dental Science. 2018:3(2):18-25.
[4]. Camilleri, J. Mineral Trioxide Aggregates: A Review Of The Chemical Properties And Clinical Applications. International Endodontic Journal.2014: 47(7), 707–730.
[5]. Sivakumar P, Naseem I. Biosmart Materials The Future Of Dentistry: A Review. Research Journal Of Pharmacy And Technology. 2016;9(10):1737-42.

Abstract: Background: Leptospirosis is the most common zoonotic infection, frequently encountered in the tropics especially during monsoon, and less commonly in the western countries during temperate climates. This makes it essential to have a complete knowledge about the manifestations and major as well as minor complications of the disease, especially in the background of an epidemic, which has occurred multiple times in the past. It is usually transmitted....

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[2]. Ioannidis AS, Bacon J, Frith P. Juxtapapillary Cytomegalovirus Retinitis With Optic Neuritis. J Neuroophthalmol. 2008 Jun;28(2):128-30.
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[5]. Zheng X, Huang Y, Wang Z, Yan H, Pan S, Wang H. Presumed Cytomegalovirus-Associated Retrobulbar Optic Neuritis In A Patient After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis. 2012 Apr;14(2):177-9.