iosr-JDMS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2025

Abstract: Background: Dengue infection during pregnancy is associated with significant maternal and fetal complications, including hemorrhage, preterm delivery, and increased risk of severe disease. The presence of multiple gestation may further increase the risk due to larger placental mass and altered physiology. Objective: To highlight the clinical course, management challenges, and outcomes of dengue shock syndrome complicating a high-risk twin pregnancy in late gestation......

Keywords – Dengue, Pregnancy, Shock, Twin Gestation, Infection, Thrombocytopenia

[1]. World Health Organization. Dengue: Guidelines For Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention And Control. Geneva: WHO; 2009.
[2]. Paixão ES, Teixeira MG, Costa MCN, Rodrigues LC. Dengue In Pregnancy And Maternal Mortality: A Systematic Review. BJOG. 2016;123(5):719–727.
[3]. Machado CR, Machado ES, Rohloff RD, Et Al. Is Pregnancy Associated With Severe Dengue? A Review Of Data From The Rio De Janeiro Surveillance Information System. Plos Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7(8):E2217.
[4]. Carles G, Talarmin A, Peneau C, Bertsch M. Dengue Fever And Pregnancy: A Study Of 38 Cases In French Guiana. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 2000;29(8):758–762.
[5]. Friedman EE, Dallah F, Harville EW, Et Al. Symptomatic Dengue Infection During Pregnancy And Infant Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Plos Negl Trop Dis. 2014;8(10):E3226.

Abstract: Osteochondroma is the most common benign bone tumor, but its occurrence in the foot, particularly in the talus and calcaneum, is exceedingly rare. This case report presents a patient with a symptomatic osteochondroma affecting both the talus and calcaneum, leading to pain and restricted ankle mobility. Radiological investigations, including X-ray and MRI, confirmed the diagnosis. The patient underwent surgical excision, which resulted in symptom resolution and functional improvement. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondroma. This case highlights the importance of considering osteochondroma in the differential diagnosis of foot tumors and emphasizes the role of imaging and surgical management in achieving favorable outcomes.

Keywords: Osteochondroma, Talus, Calcaneum, Benign bone tumor, Foot tumor, Rare case.

[1]. Unni KK, Inwards CY. Dahlin’s Bone Tumors: General Aspects And Data On 10,165 Cases. 6th Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010.
[2]. Kitsoulis P, Galani V, Stefanaki K, Et Al. Osteochondromas: Review Of The Clinical, Radiological, And Pathological Features. In Vivo. 2008;22(5):633-646.
[3]. Murphey MD, Choi JJ, Kransdorf MJ, Flemming DJ, Gannon FH. Imaging Of Osteochondroma: Variants And Complications With Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation. Radiographics. 2000;20(5):1407-1434.
[4]. Dorfman HD, Czerniak B. Bone Tumors. Mosby; 1998.
[5]. Wuisman PI, Gier RE. The Treatment Of Symptomatic Osteochondromas. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1997;79(8):1220-1230.

Abstract: Background: Supernumerary teeth are developmental anomalies defined as the presence of teeth in excess of the normal dental formula. Their occurrence, though relatively uncommon, can give rise to a spectrum of complications such as delayed eruption of permanent teeth, crowding, midline diastema, and occasionally cystic changes. This paper presents a case series of patients diagnosed with supernumerary teeth, outlining their clinical manifestations, radiographic findings, and the treatment approaches undertaken. A concise review of the literature is also included to provide context for the cases discussed.

Keywords: supernumerary teeth, mesiodens, peg lateral, hyperdontia, pediatric dentistry.

[1]. Brook AH, An Epidermiological Study Of Dental Anomalies In English School Children With A Detailed Clinincal And Genetic Study Of A Selected Group, M.D.S. Thesis, University Of London; 1974.
[2]. Alberti G, Mondani PM, Parodi V. Eruption Of Supernumerary Permanent Teeth In A Sample Of Urban Primary School Population In Genoa, Italy. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2006;7(2):89–92.
[3]. J. M. Clayton, “Congenital Dental Anomalies Occurring In 3, 557 Children,” Journal Of Dentistry For Children,Vol.23,Pp.206–208, 1956.
[4]. Backman And Y. B. Wahlin, “Variations In Number And Mor Phology Of Permanent Teeth In 7-Year-Old Swedish Children,” International Journal Of Paediatric Dentistry,Vol. 11,No. 1,Pp. 11–17, 2001.
[5]. Mallineni, Sreekanth. (2014). Supernumerary Teeth: Review Of The Literature With Recent Updates. Conference Papers In Science. 2014. 10.1155/2014/764050.

Abstract: Background: Cholelithiasis is a common cause of morbidity with varying prevalence in India. Symptomatic cholelithiasis many a times leads to recurrent biliary colic due to transient cystic duct obstruction, requiring surgical intervention. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard of treatment but the symptom resolution may vary. The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence and nature of persistent symptoms after laparoscopic cholecystectomy and their association with clinical variables......

Keywords: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Cholelithiasis, Postoperative symptoms, Chronic calculous cholecystitis, Gallbladder disease.

[1]. Pinto A, Reginelli A, Cagini L, Coppolino F, Stabile Ianora AA, Bracale R, Et Al. Accuracy Of Ultrasonography In The Diagnosis Of Acute Calculous Cholecystitis: Review Of The Literature. Crit Ultrasound J. 2013 Jul;5(1):S11.
[2]. Roy DK, Sheikh R. A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of The Outcomes Of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Compared To The Open Procedure In Patients With Gallbladder Disease. Avicenna J Med. 2024 Feb;14(1):3–21.
[3]. Hassler KR, Collins JT, Philip K, Jones MW. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy [Internet]. 2025. Available From:
Http://Www.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/Books/NBK448145/
[4]. Bodvall B, Overgaard B. Computer Analysis Of Postcholecystectomy Biliary Tract Symptoms. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1967 Apr;124(4):723–32.
[5]. Bates T, Ebbs SR, Harrison M, A’Hern RP. Influence Of Cholecystectomy On Symptoms. Br J Surg. 1991 Aug;78(8):964–7.
[6]. Khan A, Sharma V, Bansal M. Body Mass Index And Gallstone Disease: A Study From North India. International Surgery Journal. 2018;5(4):1300–4.

Abstract: Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) remain a serious complication of diabetes mellitus, frequently resulting in infection, prolonged hospitalization, and even amputation. Prompt and effective wound debridement plays a pivotal role in facilitating healing. This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of superoxidized solution and papain–urea ointment in managing Wagner Grade I and II DFUs.......

[1]. Boulton AJ, Vileikyte L, Ragnarson-Tennvall G, Apelqvist J. The Global Burden Of Diabetic Foot Disease. Lancet. 2005;366:1719-24
[2]. Ayello EA, Cuddigan JE. Debridement: Controlling The Necrotic/Cellular Burden. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2004;17(2):66-76
[3]. Balasubrahmanya KS, Pawar PM, Srinidhi M, Shruthi S, Jinumon KV, Rahul D, Kunju RD. A Prospective Study On Effectiveness Of Use Of Papain Urea Based Preparation In Dressings Compared With Regular Conventional Dressings In Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Int Surg J. 2017;4(6):1984–7S.
[4]. Shah P, Inturi R, Anne D, Jadhav D, Viswambharan V, Khadilkar R, Et Al. Wagner's Classification As A Tool For Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Our Observations At A Suburban Teaching Hospital. Cureus. 2022;14(1):E21501.
[5]. Rakesh M, Jose J. Effect Of Papain Urea Versus Hydrogen Peroxide In Diabetic Foot Ulcer Management. Int Surg J. 2023;10:877–81.

Abstract: Accessing basic healthcare is particularly difficult for people living in rural and isolated areas of the world… Most (70%) of Pakistan’s population live in areas with poor infrastructure, lack of medical professionals, and growing treatment costs 1. South Sindh's Thar Desert is well known for its extreme heat and humidity, inadequate government facilities and poor access to basic healthcare 2.......

[1]. United Nations Conference On Trade And Development. Pakistani Youth Uses E-Health To Change Rural Lives [Internet]. Geneva: UNCTAD; 2021 [Cited 2025 May 21]. Available From: Https://Unctad.Org/News/Pakistani-Youth-Uses-E-Health-Change-Rural-Lives
[2]. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Pakistan: The Desert Areas [Internet]. Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.; 2025 May 7 [Cited 2025 May 21]. Available From: Https://Www.Britannica.Com/Place/Pakistan/The-Desert-Areas
[3]. Paterson EH. The Kwun Tong Community Health Project. Trop Doct. 1978;8(2):85-9. Doi:10.1177/004947557800800214.
[4]. Anderson JL. Demystifying Research For Medical & Healthcare Students: An Essential Guide. Hoboken (NJ): Wiley Blackwell; 2022.
[5]. National Institute For Health And Care Excellence. Traffic Light System For Identifying Risk Of Serious Illness In Under 5s [Internet]. London: NICE; 2019 [Cited 2025 May 21]. Available From:....

Abstract: Background: Paraumbilical hernia (PUH) is a prevalent type of ventral hernia in adults. The management for the defects measuring 1 to 2.5 cm is debatable with surgeons weighing the pros and cons of anatomical v/s mesh repair techniques. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes, recurrence rate, postoperative pain and complications related with both the types of repairs in PUH patients. Material and Methods: A total of 54 patients were enrolled in this prospective comparative study with PUH sized between 1 to 2.5 cm in the Department of General Surgery at Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur. Patients were randomised in 2 groups – anatomical......

Keywords: Paraumbilical hernia, anatomical repair, mesh repair, recurrence, postoperative pain, surgical outcomes.

[1]. Hajibandeh S, Hajibandeh S, Sreh A, Khan A, Subar D, Jones L. Laparoscopic Versus Open Umbilical Or Paraumbilical Hernia Repair: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Hernia. 2017 Dec 14;21(6):905–16.
[2]. Rao G, Rao A, Pujara N, Pujara P, Patel S. Prevalence Of Hernia Among Fishermen Population In Kutch District, India: Prevalence Of Hernia Among Fishermen Population. Natl J Integr Res Med. 2015;6(4):44–51.
[3]. Gutiérrez De La Peña C, Vargas Romero J, Diéguez García J. The Value Of CT Diagnosis Of Hernia Recurrence After Prosthetic Repair Of Ventral Incisional Hernias. Eur Radiol. 2001 Jul 23;11(7):1161–4.
[4]. Simons MP, Aufenacker T, Bay-Nielsen M, Bouillot JL, Campanelli G, Conze J, Et Al. European Hernia Society Guidelines On The Treatment Of Inguinal Hernia In Adult Patients. Hernia. 2009 Aug 28;13(4):343–403.
[5]. Forbes SS, Eskicioglu C, Mcleod RS, Okrainec A. Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials Comparing Open And Laparoscopic Ventral And Incisional Hernia Repair With Mesh. Br J Surg. 2009 Aug;96(8):851–8.

Abstract: Teledentistry, defined as the use of telecommunication and digital technologies to deliver dental care at a distance, has emerged as an effective tool in the field of oral pathology. Limited access to oral pathology specialists, particularly in rural and underserved areas, often leads to diagnostic delays and compromised patient outcomes. Teledentistry enables remote consultation, diagnosis, and follow-up of oral mucosal lesions and potentially malignant disorders through digital image sharing, teleconsultation, and telepathology. Several studies have demonstrated that teledentistry offers diagnostic accuracy comparable...

Keywords: Teledentistry, Oral pathology, Telepathology, Oral lesions, Digital diagnosis, Remote consultation.

[1]. Flores-Hidalgo A, Collie J, King S, Grant FT, Beasley NE, Moss ME, Tempel TR Jr. The Use Of Teledentistry In Clinical Oral And Maxillofacial Pathology Practice: An Institutional Experience. Front Oral Health. 2023;4:1063973. Doi:10.3389/Froh.2023.1063973
[2]. Jampani ND, Nutalapati R, Dontula BS, Boyapati R. Applications Of Teledentistry: A Literature Review And Update. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2011;1(2):37–44.
[3]. Torres-Pereira C, Possebon RS, Simões A, Et Al. Email For Distance Diagnosis Of Oral Diseases: A Preliminary Study Of Teledentistry. J Telemed Telecare. 2008;14(8):435–438.
[4]. Alabdullah JH, Daniel SJ. A Systematic Review On The Validity Of Teledentistry. Telemed J E Health. 2018;24(8):639–648.
[5]. Petcu R, Kimble C, Ologeanu-Taddei R. The Use Of Teledentistry In Facilitating Oral Examinations And Diagnoses: A Systematic Review. Telemed J E Health. 2022;28(10):1420–1430..

Abstract: Background: Adenoids are nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissues provides immune defence against various microorganisams. Adenoid hypertrophy causes obstructive sleep apnoea due to adenoids can lead to serious consequences including cor-pulmonale, failure to thrive, permanent neurological damage, hypersomnolence, behavioural disturbances and developmental delays. Adenoidectomy by conventional blind curettage carries many complications. Powered instrumentation is an important tool for ENT surgeons. Further development is endoscopic power-assisted adenoidectomy with a microdebrider......

Key Word: Microdebrider assisted adenoidectomy, Powered instrumentation, Adenoidectomy, Sleep disordered breathing, Nasal endoscopy

[1]. Thornval A. Wilhelm Meyer And The Adenoids. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1969 Sept;90:383-86.
[2]. Tankel JW, Cheesman AD. Symptom Relief By Adenoidectomy And Relationship To Adenoid And Post Nasal Airway Size. J Laryngol Otol. 1986;100(6):637-40.
[3]. Bronillette RT, Fernbach SK, Hunt CE. Obstructive Sleep Apnoea In Infants And Children. J Pediatr. 1982;100(1):31-40.
[4]. Rubin RM. Effects Of Nasal Airway Obstruction On Facial Growth. Ear Nose Throat J. 1987;66:44-53.

Abstract: Back ground: This case series analysis, where patients were included on accrual, assessed the effectiveness of Ksharasutra in treating fistula-in-ano due to cryptoglandular infection and the impact of MRI on its management. Methods: Of 74 patients, 35 had simple fistulae and 39 had complex ones, all treated with Ksharasutra as a seton. MRI fistulogram proved valuable for diagnosing occult complex fistulae and guiding treatment. Results: Simple fistulae achieved a 100% healing rate with no recurrence or faecal incontinence. For complex fistulae, tailored Ksharasutra applications resulted in a 100% cure rate in certain......

Keywords: fistula in ano, Ksharasutra, medicated seton, complex fistula in ano, simple fistula in ano and MRI fistulogram.

[1]. Pankaj Srivastava Dr. And Manoranjan Sahu Prof. Efficacy Of Kshar Sutra (Medicated Seton) Therapy In The Management Of Fistula-In-Ano. World Journal Of Colorectal Surgery Vol. 2, Iss. 1 [2010], Art. 6
[2]. Bhat Ramesh P (2013) Anal Fistula With Foot Extension—Treated By Ksharasutra (Medicated Seton) Therapy—A Rare Case Report. Int J Surg Case Rep 4(7):573–576. Doi:10.1016/J.Ijscr.2013.04.004
[3]. Garcia-Aguilar J, Belmonte C, Wong WD, Goldberg SM, Madoff RD. Anal Fistula Surgery. Factors Associated With Recurrence And Incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum. 1996;39:723–729.
[4]. Davies M, Harris D, Lohana P, Et Al. The Surgical Management Of Fistula-In-Ano In A Specialist Colorectal Unit. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2008;23:833–838.
[5]. Konan A, Onur MR, Ozmen MN. The Contribution Of Preoperative MRI To The Surgical Management Of Anal Fistulas. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2018;24:321–327.

Abstract: Objective: To assess the difference in pain perception between children aged 6–10 receiving different dental treatments using an electronic anesthetic device (Starpen) and a conventional metal aspirating syringe. Methods: Thirty children were divided into two groups for this randomized study: Group 1 was given anesthesia using a Starpen, while Group 2 was given an aspirating syringe made of metal. Prior to and during the procedure, the following parameters were measured: oxygen saturation (SpO₂), pulse rate, respiratory rate, and pain (VAS scale).......

Keywords: Pedodontist, pain perception, electronic anesthesia, Starpen, aspirating syringe, VAS scale.

[1]. Shim YS, Kim AH, Jeon EY, An SY. Dental Fear & Anxiety And Dental Pain In Children And Adolescents; A Systemic Review. J Dent Anesth Pain Med. 2015 Jun;15(2):53-61.
[2]. Eden E., Sevinç N., Akay A., Kilinç G., Ellidokuz H. Evaluation Of Children’s Dental Anxiety Levels At A Kindergarten And At A Dental Clinic. Braz. Oral Res. 2016;30:1–8.
[3]. Klingberg G., Broberg A.G. Dental Fear/Anxiety And Dental Behaviour Management Problems In Children And Adolescents: A Review Of Prevalence And Concomitant Psychological Factors. Int. J. Paediatr. Dent. 2007;17:391–406.
[4]. Slabšinskienė E, Kavaliauskienė A, Žemaitienė M, Vasiliauskienė I, Zaborskis A. Dental Fear And Associated Factors Among Children And Adolescents: A School-Based Study In Lithuania. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Aug 23;18(16):8883
[5]. Melwani AM, Srinivasan I, Setty JV, D.R. MK, Pamnani SS, Lalitya D. A Clinical Comparative Study Between Conventional And Camouflaged Syringes To Evaluate Behavior And Anxiety In 6–11-Year-Old Children During Local Anesthesia Administration—A Novel Approach. J Dent Anesth Pain Med. 2018 Feb;18(1):35-40.

Abstract: Spinal anaesthesia is the most common regional anaesthesia technique. It is a simple procedure that is easier to conduct and provides appropriate analgesia due to the rapid onset of anaesthesia [1, 2]. August Bier first performed spinal anaesthesia on 16th August 1898 [3]. One of the most common concerns after surgery is pain. A variety of local anaesthetics and additives can be used to provide spinal anaesthesia, allowing control over the onset and duration of anaesthesia [4]. The use of intrathecal opioids has a definitive place [5, 6]. They act in conjunction with local anaesthetics to enhance efficacy and provide better postoperative analgesia.......

[1]. Torpy, Janet M.Regional Anaesthesia. Jama,2011,306(7), 781
[2]. T. Meng, Z.Zhong, And L. Meng, Impact Of Spinal Anaesthesia Vs. General Anaesthesia On Perioperative Outcome In Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomised, Controlled Trials, Anaesthesia 2017, 72, 391–401
[3]. Brown Dl, Spinal, Epidural And Caudal Anaesthesia, In: Ronald D Miller’s Anaesthesia, 5th Edition, Philadelphia, Churchchill Livingstone, 2000; 1491-1508.
[4]. Asokumar Buvanendran, Jeffrey S. Kroin.Useful Adjuvants For Postoperative Pain Management. 2007, 21(1), 31–49.
[5]. Chakraborty S, Chakrabarti J, Bhattacharya D. Intrathecal Tramadol Added To Bupivacaine As Spinal Anaesthetic Increases Analgesic Effect Of The Spinal Blockade After Major Gynaecological Surgeries. Indian J Pharmacol 2008;40:4180-6.

Abstract: Background: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) consumption is highly prevalent across South Asia and has emerged as a significant risk factor for oral health deterioration. Recent evidence suggests that SLT use may disrupt the ecological balance of the oral microbiome, leading to microbial dysbiosis and increased disease susceptibility. Aim: This systematic review aims to comprehensively compare the oral microbiota profiles of SLT users and non-users by synthesizing data derived from metagenomic sequencing approaches, with a focus on microbial diversity, taxonomic composition, and functional pathway alterations.......

Keywords: Smokeless tobacco, oral microbiome, metagenomic sequencing, microbial dysbiosis, functional pathways, PRISMA.

[1]. Srivastava A, Mishra S, Verma D. Characterization Of Oral Bacterial Composition Of Adult Smokeless Tobacco Users From Healthy Indians Using 16S Rdna Analysis. Microb Ecol. 2021;82:1061–1073.
[2]. Rajasekaran JJ, Krishnamurthy HK, Bosco J, Et Al. Oral Microbiome: A Review Of Its Impact On Oral And Systemic Health. Microorganisms. 2024;12(9):1797.
[3]. World Health Organization. Smokeless Tobacco And Public Health: A Global Perspective. Geneva: WHO Press; 2020.
[4]. Pushalkar S, Ji X, Li Y, Et Al. Comparison Of Oral Microbiota In Tumor And Non-Tumor Tissues Of Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. BMC Microbiol. 2012;12:144.
[5]. Vishwakarma A, Verma D. Microorganisms: Crucial Players Of Smokeless Tobacco For Several Health Attributes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021;105(16–17):6123–6132.