IOSR-JAVS   Volume-11 ~ Issue-12 ~ DEC-2018

ABSTRACT: Green-house experiment was conducted on zea mays planted on sandy soil to determine the toxic levels of Zn2+, Mn2+, Cu2+ and Fe2+ in the leaf of seedling of the plant. This was achieved by applying 250cm3 of 10PPM, 50PPM, 100PPM, 150PPM, 200PPM and 500PPM of Zn2+, Mn2+, Cu2+ and Fe2+ at intervals until toxic level was indicated through change in colour of the leaves. Diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) was used to extract the micronutrients in the soil and the concentrations were evaluated using, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The concentrations of the micronutrients in leaves were also determined using AAS. The concentration of the micronutrients in leaves of the plant in the soil at toxic levels were 250PPM- 260PPM Zn2+, 37.24PPM-55.90PPM of Cu2+, 290-320 of Mn2+420-700 of Fe2+. The results were statistically treated using t-test to determine the significant difference in the uptake of the micronutrients byZea mays in sandy soil.

Key Words: Green-house, micronutrients, Zea mays, toxicities..

[1]. Brady, N.C. Weil, R.R. (2005). The nature and properties of soils, Pearson Education (Singapore) India. .Pp.667-678.
[2]. Lindsay W.L, and Norvell, W.A. (1978). Development of a DTPA soil for Zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil science Society of America Journal. 42, Pp421-428.
[3]. Oyekanmi, A.O., (1984). Outlines of food Analysis. Department of Bio-Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria. Pp. 23

[4]. Robinson, B., Malfroy, H., Chartres, C., Helyar, K., and Ayers, G. (1995). The sensitivity of ecosystems toacid inputs in the Hunter Valley, Australia. Water and soil pollution. 85, Pp.1721-1726.
[5]. Tisdale, S.L., Nelson, W.L., Beaton, J.D., and Havlin, J.I (1993). Soil Fertility and fertilizers, 5thEdition,Macmillan. New York. Pp 67-78 304-350

ABSTRACT: The research aimed to measure the importance of agricultural extension planning process stages with applied components for program and activates which provided by ministry of agriculture , which comes part within the scope of its duties at the level of the center &departments to serve and development goals of local committees in different regions of rural agriculture in Iraqi , which include directorates now ( state boards& companies before ) and its departments in governorates, to services and guidance provided recommendation absorbed and to increased contribution to dissemination &diffusion propaganda and audience for farmers to adoption modern agriculture technologies transfer. To achieve the aim of research, as scale was prepared to estimate measure for importance extension programs and activities forapplied planning process, including 6 stages consisted 30 item, which are: I the general from work to planning :2 external environments :3 organizational structure of extension planning process :4 planning mechanism :5 monitoring

[1]. Abu Zenah, Fared Kamel , 1995 , Fundamentals of evaluation and measurement in education ,Alfalah library for publishimg and distribution , Kuwait . P 69 .
[2]. Ismail , RaadMuslem&Qasem Al-Ferhan , 2009 , Model of Extension Planning in Iraq , Jornal of Iraqi agriculture research , Folder 14 , number 14 , P2-3
[3]. Porten A Swance , 1990 , Agricultural Extension is guide and reference , 1990 , Adition 2 , Publication of food and agriculture organization for United Nations , Roma .
[4]. Ministry of Agriculture , 2010 , Paper work of the ministry of agriculture , Baghdad , P 4-18 .
[5]. Altannobi ,Mohammef Omar &AlsadeqSaeedOmran , 1997 , Fundamentals of planning , and ,evaluation the agricultural extension programs , University of Omar Almukhtar . Libia P 208.

ABSTRACT: Reports of various authors indicate that there is a decline in the number of the Yoruba ecotype indigenous chicken, found in southwestern Nigeria. The geographical distribution of these strains of chicken is poorly documented thereby hampering the implementation of any effective management and sustainable conservation program. Hence this study conducted an open survey among breeders of local fowls in Ile-Ife, a traditional town in southwestern Nigeria to identify some of the attractive characteristics of these chickens that can be included in breeding programs designed for biodiversity conservation of indigenous chickens. Ile-Ife, located on latitudes 7.52°N – 7.57°N and longitudes 4.50°E – 4.57°E, was classified into three zones of core, transition and sub-urban using high resolution.........

Keywords: Indigenous Chickens, Diversity, GIS

[1]. Abdelqader, A., Wollny, C.B.A., and Gauly, M. (2007): Characterization of local chicken production systems and their potential under different levels of management practices in Jordan. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 39:155-164.
[2]. Abebe, A.S. (2013): Analysis of the genetic diversity of local Swedish chicken breeds using microsatellite markers.M.Sc. Thesis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
[3]. Adedeji , T. A., Ojedapo, L. O., Ige, A. O., Ameen, S. A., Akinwumi, A. O. and Amao, S. R. (2008): Genetic evaluation of growth performance of pure and crossbred chicken progenies in a derived savannah environment. In: Proceedings of the 13th Annual Conference of Animal Science Association of Nigeria, September 15-19, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State. Pp.8, 12.
[4]. Adefioye, S.A., and Ujoh, F.(2012): Geospatial analysis of wetland areas in Ile-Ife, Nigeria: Imperative for sustainable urbanization. Nigeria Geographical Journal, Volume, 8(1).
[5]. Afon, A.O. (2005): Solid waste management in selected cities of Oyo State, Nigeria. PhD Thesis, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

ABSTRACT: Bluetongue is a viral disease of domestic and wild ruminants transmitted via the biting flies. The agent is in the Orbivirus genus of the Reoviridae family and has 24 known serotypes. The disease is most common during the summer months and is more severe during humid and rainy times. The aim of this study is to determine the presence of bluetongue infection serologically in cattle in Siirt province, Turkey, and to get information about its prevalence in the region. The material of the study consisted of a total of 279 cattle reared in different localities of Siirt. For laboratory analysis, 5 ml blood samples were taken from jugular vein of cattle and put into non-anticoagulant tubes..........

Keywords: Cattle, Bluetongue, ELISA, Siirt, Turkey

[1]. Albayrak, H., and Özan, E. Seroprevalence of Some Arboviral Infections Transported Blood Sucking Insects in Ruminants and Equids in Middle Blacksea Region in Turkey Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi. 2010; 16 (1), 33-36.
[2]. García, I., Napp, S., Casal, J., Perea, A., Allepuz, A., Alba, A., Carbonero, A., and Arenas, A. Bluetongue epidemiology in wild ruminants from Southern Spain. European Journal of Wildlife Research. 2009; 55 (2), 173.
[3]. Simsek, A., Gürcay, M., Parmaksız, A., Sekin, S., Kochan, A., Celik, O.Y., and Cakmak, F. Investigation of the Role of Enzootic Bovine Leukosis (EBL), Bovine Viral Diare (BVD), Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) and Blue Tongue (BT) Infections in Digestive and Respiratory System Problems of Cattle in Diyarbakır Region. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi. 2017; 10 (1), 13-18.
[4]. Yıldırım, Y., and Burgu, İ. The seroprevalence of bluetongue (BT), IBR, PI-3, EBL and BVD infections in cattle in northeastern Anatolia Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2005; 52, 113-117.
[5]. Yilmaz, V., Yildirim, Y., and Otlu, S. The Seroprevalance of Bluetongue Virus Infectıon in Cattle in the Kars District of Turkey. Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine. 2012; 67, 4..

ABSTRACT: Current experiment conducted at Research farm of Poultry and Fish production Department, Menoufia University, Egypt. The study aimed to assess the effect of selection for feed efficiency under different feeding regimens (free (i.e. once) at 08:00 am and twice (50%:50%) at 08:00 am and 03:00 pm) in local Egyptian chickens Saini Bedouin fowl on egg quality traits (EQT). Experiment continued for three successive generations and EQT were measured, recorded and statistically analyzed for all genetic groups (1284 fresh eggs were used). Results indicated that, both selection (P≤0.05) and feeding regimen (P≤0.01) increased egg weight significantly. Eggs laid by selected birds were heavier (41.22 and 46.05 g) than those produced by control lines birds (40.16 and 42.40 g) under free and twice feeding, respectively.Moreover, external, shell and internal quality traits didn't affected significantly by selection for feed efficiency except egg width and yolk weight. Egg length, width, shell, albumen and yolk weight significantly differed according to feeding regimen effect. Additionally, significant interaction..........

Keywords: Egg quality, feed efficiency, feeding regimen, Sinai Bedouin fowl

[1]. FAO (2015). World Agriculture: towards 2015/2030. Summary Report. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
[2]. Rossi, M., Casiraghi, E., Primavesi, L., Pompei, C. and Hidalgo, A. (2010). Functional properties of pasteurised liquid whole egg products as affected by the hygienic quality of the raw eggs. LWT - Food Science and Technology 43: 436-441.
[3]. Nassar, F.S, El-Komy, E.M. and Abdou, A.M. (2017). Ovarian morphology and egg quality traits of Egyptian selected strain for egg production compared with commercial laying strains. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 19 (4): 683-688.
[4]. Rizk, Y.S., Aboughaba, A.A., Ismail, I.I. and Awadien, N.B. (2018). Egg production, egg quality traits and some heamatological parameters of Sinai chicken strain treated with different levels of bee pollen. Egypt. Poult. Sci., 38(2): 427-438.
[5]. Hou, Y-H. (1985). Improving feed efficiency in laying hens using individual feed records in selection index. Ph.D. Dissertation, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. USA..

ABSTRACT: Recent study held at Research farm of Poultry and Fish production Department, Menoufia University, Egypt, aiming to determine the realized correlated responses in some economic traits due to selection for feed efficiency under different feeding regimens (free (i.e. once) at 08:00 am and twice (50%:50%) at 08:00 am and 03:00 pm) in local Egyptian chickens Saini/Bedouin fowl. Data on body weight at 24, 35 weeks of age, egg number during first 90 days of production, egg weight at sexual maturity and egg mass produced through first 90 days of production cycle were collected for three successive generations and statistically analyzed for all genetic groups (584 hens were used). Results indicated that, after two generations of selection for feed efficiency: - Body weight at 24 weeks and at maturity significantly decreased by selection, but, didn't affected by regimen of feeding..........

Keywords: correlated selection response, egg production, feed efficiency

[1] Hagger, C. and C. Marguerat, 1985. Relationship of Production Traits and Egg Composition to Feed Consumption and the Genetic Variability of Efficiency in Laying Hens. Poultry Science 64: 2223-2229.
[2] Basso, B., A. Bordas, F. Dubos, P. Morganx, and C. Marie-Etancelin, 2012. Feed efficiency in the laying duck: Appropriate measurements and genetic parameters. Poultry Science 91: 1065–1073.
[3] Soltan, M.E.; Enab, A.A. and Farrag, S.A. (2014). Direct selection response for feed efficiency of egg production under different feeding regimes in Sinai fowls. 7th International Poultry Conference – Proceeding, 3 – 6 November, Ain Sukhna, Red Sea – Egypt. pp: 314-324
[4] Willems, O.W. (2014). Evaluation methods and technologies for improving feed efficiency in the turkey (Meleagarisgallopavo). Ph.D. Thesis, The University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
[5] Bentsen, H.B. (1983). Genetic Variation in feed efficiency of laying hens at constant body weight and egg production. II - Sources of variation in feed consumption. Acta Agric. Scandi. 33: 305 - 320..

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to determine the socio-economic profile of farmers who planted maize in Şanlıurfa, and to determine their views on the technical support needs of maize plant cultivation. The main material of the study is the data obtained from farmers planting maize in Şanlıurfa. The surveys were conducted through face-to-face interviews with 294 farmers who were selected by simple random sampling among the farmers who made maize cultivation in the 2017 production season. Chi-square and Kruskal Wallis tests were done in SPSS for statistical evaluation of the results. According to research results, average age was 43.41 years, the average amount of land..........

Keywords: Farmers' profile, GAP-Şanlıurfa, Technical Support Need, Turkey, Maize Production

[1]. H.H. Geçit, Tarla Bitkileri. (A.Ü.Z.F. Ders Kitabı: 521, Yayın No: 1569, ISBN 978-975-482-803-0; Ankara, 2009).
[2]. M., Altun, Determination of Factors Affecting the Use of Different Irrigation Systems on Corn Yields and Its Economics Analysis, MSc Thesis, Harran University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Agricultural Economy, Şanlıurfa, Turkey, 2017.
[3]. TÜİK, 2004. Tarımsal Veriler, Retrieved from: https://www.tuik.gov.tr/veri tabanı
[4]. M. H. Aydogdu, B. Karlı, K. Yenigün and M. Aydogdu. Tarımsal Sulamalarda Ödeme İstekliliğinin Probit Model İle Belirlenmesi; Harran Ovası Örneklemesi, Dicle Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Dergisi, 7(2), 2015, 355-363.
[5]. M. H. Aydogdu, B. Karli K. Yenigun and M. Aydogdu, The farmers' views and expectations to the Water User Associations; GAP–Harran plain sampling, Turkey, Global Advanced Research Journal of Agricultural Science, 4(1), 2015, 33-41.

ABSTRACT: The axenic method for cultivation presents the potential for regular and safe production as it provides for the sterilization of substrates, reduces the early period of production and maintains controlled and predictable conditions in the development of the mushrooms. This study aims to evaluate the axenic cultivation of Pleurotus sajor-caju, Pleurotus ostreatoroseus and Pleurotus citrinopileatus in three different substrates. The substrates of Ricinuscammunis L., Oriza sativa L. and Pennisetumpurpureum L. were rehydrated for 24 hours, drained and packaged. Each of the substrates were autoclaved, inoculated with spawn 3% (w/w) and incubated for colonization after cooling. For fruiting, the bags were stored in a fructification chamber (25°; RH: 75-90%). After harvesting, fresh weight, yield and..........

Keywords: biological efficient, elephant grass, mamona residues, rice straw,

[1]. F. M. N. A.Aida, M. Shuhaimi, M. Yazid and A. G.Maaruf. Mushroom as a potential source of prebiotics: a review. Trends Food Sci. Tech. 20(11), 2009, 567-575.
[2]. F.S. Reis, L. Barros, A. Martins, and I. C. Ferreira. Chemical composition and nutritional value of the most widely appreciated cultivated mushrooms: an inter-species comparative study. Food Chem.Toxic. 50(2), 2012, 191-197.
[3]. J. Gittelsonh, M. RowanandP. Gadhoke. Interventions in small food stores to change the food environment, improve diet, and reduce risk of chronic disease. Prev. Chronic Dis. 9(E59), 2012, 1-15.

[4]. FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization. Available in http://www.fao.org/corp/statistics/en, 2017.
[5]. C. Manach, D. Milenkovic, T.V. De Wiele, A. Rodriguez-Mateos; B.D Roos,and M. Garcia-Conesa. Addressing the inter-individual variation in response to consumption of plant food bioactives: towards a better understanding of their role in healthy aging and cardiometabolic risk reduction. Mol. Nutri. Food Res., 61(6), 2017, 1-16..