iosr-JMCE   Volume-18 ~ Issue-4 ~ Jul. – Aug. 2021

Abstract: The present work concerned with the study on the behaviour of high-rise RCC structure that consists of different grid pattern i.e. hexagrid diagrid and shear wall. The present study analyses and compare results of multi-storeyed building for the G+40, To get the best Stability of structure by providing Diagrid, and shear wall. To analyses and compare the seismic parameters like base shear, lateral drift and displacement, etc.

Keywords: earthquake analysis different grid pattern, ETABS 2016, RCC, shear wall, static and dynamic geometric and

[1]. Taranath S. D., Mahantesh. N.B., M. B. Patil. "Comparative Study of Pentagrid and Hexagrid Structural System for Tall Building". Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Technology (ICEET), Volume 1, Number 2; August, 2014 pp. 10-15.
[2]. Biradar Sangita PremnathProf. M. V. Waghmare, "Seismic Analysis of Diagrid and Buckling Restrained Braced Structural System" International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology (IJMTST), ISSN: 2455-3778 :Volume: 05, Issue No: 12, December 2019.
[3]. PeymanAskanNejad "Beehive (Hexagrid), New Innovated Structural System For Tall Building" CTBUH 2011 Seoul Conference.
[4]. SamanSadeghi, Fayaz R. Rofooei "Improving the seismic performance of diagrid structures using buckling restrained braces" Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 9 December 2019.
[5]. JayeshVenkolath, Rahul Krishnan K, "Optimal Diagrid Angle of High-Rise Buildings Subjected to Lateral Loads" International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 03 Issue: 09, pp. 841-846, e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072, September 2016.

Abstract: System consisting with Sprinkler main pipes from pump room, piping network inside the floor area with properly designed pipe supports, Sprinkler control valve located outside the building and isolation valves. Sprinklers shall be standard response upright/pendant type, 68 deg. C temperature rating and shall design to cover 9 to 12 sq. m. At each floor sprinkler distribution header shall tapped off from sprinkler riser with isolation valves and flow switches on each distribution header and flow switch shall be connected to fire alarm panel to monitor in case of water flow in the event of fire.
A sprinkler system consists of a water supply and one or more sprinkler installations; each installation consists of a set of installation control.......

Keywords – Sprinkler System, Fire safety, Fire Prevention, Sprinklers, FAS

[1]. NFPA 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, 1996. NFPA all codes and standards, list of codes and standards. (By an International nonprofit organization devoted to eliminating death, injury, property and economic loss due to fire, electrical and related hazards)
[2]. National Building Code Of India (Fire and Life safety), detailed guidelines for construction, maintenance and fire safety of the structures. (by Bureau of Indian Standards and it is recommendatory document.)
[3]. FIRE PROTECTION DESIGN MANUAL Eighth Edition – June 1, 2021. https://www.cfm.va.gov/til/dmanual/dmfire.pdf,
[4]. Piping layout for fire sprinkler system: An overview April 2017, International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences (IJEAS) 4(3):17 – 21 DOI:10.31873/IJEAS.4.3.15
[5]. Simplified Design for Building Fire Safety, By James Patterson, John Wiley & Sons, 01-Nov-1993 - Technology & Engineering

Abstract: A brick is building material used to make walls, pavements, and other elements in masonry construction. In this report, we present the concept of the use of agricultural waste i.e. bagasse ash in the manufacturing of bricks as per IS specification. Sugarcane is largely produced in India. And after effective use of sugarcane the remaining product that is bagasse is used in boilers as a fuel and then bagasse is converted into ash. That ash is called Sugarcane bagasse ash. The amount of sugarcane bagasse ash accumulated in the 21st century.......

Keywords: Bagasse ash, Environmental Hazards, Manufacturing Processes, Casting Of Bricks, Comparisons, Conclusion.

[1]. Obada Kayali (2005)- "High Performance Bricks from Fly Ash, WOCA", in World of Coal Ash (WOCA), April 11- 15, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
[2]. Javed Alam, Mohammad Akhtar (2011)- "Bricks with total replacement of clay by fly ash mixed with different materials", in International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, Volume 3, Issue 10, 2011.
[3]. Mangesh V. Madurwar, Rahul V. Ralegaonkar, Sachin A. Mandavgane (2013)-"Application of agro-waste for sustainable construction materials: A review", in Construction and Building Materials 38.
[4]. Prashant O Modani, M R Vyawahare (2013)- "Utilization of Bagasse Ash as a partial replacement of fine aggregate in concrete", (nuicone 2013).
[5]. Aakash Pawar, Devendra Garud (2014)- "Engineering properties of clay bricks with use of fly ash", in International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, Volume 3, Issue 9, 2014

Abstract: Various types of fibers have been used to enhance the mechanical properties of concrete. This review paper examines the effect on the mechanical properties of concrete with the addition of steel fibers and jute fibers. Since earlier periods fibers are being used as a reinforcing material in concrete. Generally, the fibers are used to control cracks in concrete. The addition of fibers in conventional concrete enhances its mechanical properties such as compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength. The factors affecting the fiber selection such as length, volume, and aspect ratio are also studied..

Key Word: Steel Fiber, Jute fiber, Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, Flexural Strength

[1]. Fatih Altun, Tefaruk Haktanir, Kamura Ari (2007), "Effects of steel fiber addition on mechanical properties of concrete and RC beams".
[2]. Tiwari, A K Sahu and R P Pathak (2009), "Mechanical Properties and Durability Study of Jute Fiber Reinforced Concrete", IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering.
[3]. John Summerscales, Amandeep Virk (2011), "Modelling tensile properties of jute fibers", Materials Science and Technology, 2012, 28(7).
[4]. Milind V. Mohod (2012), "Performance of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete", International Journal of Engineering and Science, Vol. 1, Issue 12.
[5]. Chandrasekhar Reddy Kamasani and S. Jagadeesh (2017), "Mechanical Properties of Concrete after Addition of Different Types of Steel Fibers", International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management (IJAIEM), Volume 6, Issue 7

Abstract: Background: Terrorist bombing is currently regarded a threat to almost all countries around the world as it leads to loss of human lives, damage of structures and infra-structure in addition to serious negative impact on security and economy. Being the main carrying elements in skeleton structures, if columns are damaged or collapsed due to blast this may lead to partial or progressive collapse of the structure. It is therefore essential to direct research to improve the resistance of columns to blast so as to provide protection to the structure.
Materials and Methods: This paper presents numerical finite element study of RC columns with different strengthening system subjected to near-field explosion. Three-dimensional finite element models are made for RC columns protected by two strengthening.......

Keywords:Blast; Nearfield explosion; RC column; Numerical modeling; Finite elements; Dynamic nonlinear analysis; Blast protection; Steel jacket; Reinforced polyurethane bricks, LS-DYNA

[1]. Ibrahim, Y.E., Ismail, M.A. and Nabil, M. 2017. Response of reinforced concrete frame structures under blast loading, Procedia Engineering 171: 890–898.
[2]. Hallquist, O. 2012. LS-DYNA Keyword User's Manual, Volume II.
[3]. Kohnke, P. 2014. ANSYS theory reference release 5.6'. Canonsburg: SAS IP,Inc, p. Eleventh Edition.
[4]. Simulia 2014. ABAQUS Software, Dassault Systems, Simulia Corp.
[5]. Lange, D. 2013. A review of blast loading and explosions in the context of multifunctional buildings, Fire Technology SP Technical Research Institut of Sweden, Boras.

Abstract: We all Know that the Road Accidents are major threat in all over the world. This program is designed on the basis of cost comparison of accident and PPE to provide the user such as worker and contractor also with information on establishing an effective Safety Management Program on PMGSY road construction site in Nashik district to help prevent costly work related injuries and to support Workplace safety regulations.In order to prevent costly work related injuries, project overruns and construction related illnesses on PMGSY road construction site with the resulting worker's compensation insurance claims, all employees must know importance of safety, and be properly trained and held accountable for safety. Employees must understand all known hazards presented in their work environment and be able to respond appropriately to unplanned hazards, which may arise.

Keywords: Safety Analysis, Rural Road, Road Accidents, Several Criteria, PMGSY.

[1]. A. Talware, K. V. Raju, Pavement Performance Index for Indian Rural roads, ElsevireGmbh.pp 447-451.
[2]. E. Svatkova, E. Oleshchenko, S. Pushchina, Road safety Audit, Transportation Research Procedia 20 (2017) pp 236-241
[3]. Makarova, A.Pashkevich, Modelling as a Method to Improve Road Safety Mass Events, 12th international conference"Organization and Traffic Safety Management in large cities" sept 2016, pp 430-435.
[4]. G. Fansello, M. Carta, P.Fadda, A decision support system for road safety analysis, SIDT Scientific Seminar 2013, pp 201-210.
[5]. L.Wang, X. Gong, Study on status Evaluation of Urban road intersection Traffic congestion based on AHP-TOPSIS Model, 13th COTA International Conference of transportation Professional. (2013), pp 609-616

Abstract: As the largest developing country in Africa, much research had been achieved, and the Durban World Climate Meeting was held in South Africa. Green Star South Africa (Green Star SA) is a rating system used to assess the design and construction of various building types from an environmental and human health perspective. China has entered a period of great prosperity, with about 1.6-2 billion to 2 billion new buildings built each year, representing about 40% of the world's new construction. Energy consumption of China's buildings and related emissions is expected to increase over the next 15 years. As a result, promoting the development of green buildings has become an urgent problem to be addressed in China. Through the comparative study on the green building evaluation system between China and South Africa, deficiencies of green building evaluation of China were discussed in depth to provide a reference for further improving China's green building evaluation system.

Keywords: Green Building; Evaluation System; Green Star SA; South Africa; China.

[1]. Li, Y., et al., Green building in China: Needs great promotion. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2014. 11: p. 1-6.
[2]. Zhang, Y., J. Kang, and H. Jin, A review of green building development in China from the perspective of energy saving. Energies, 2018. 11(2): p. 334.
[3]. Ampratwum, G., et al., A framework for the implementation of green certification of buildings in Ghana. International Journal of Construction Management, 2019: p. 1-15.
[4]. Al-Zubaidy, M.S.K. and A. MS, A Literature Evaluation of the Energy Efficiency of Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)-Certified Buildings. Am. J. Civ. Eng. Archit, 2015. 3: p. 1-7.
[5]. Awadh, O., Sustainability and green building rating systems: LEED, BREEAM, GSAS and Estidama critical analysis. Journal of Building Engineering, 2017. 11: p. 25-29.

Abstract: Rubber tree exploitation involve several field activities ranging from tapping and allied operations to field upkeep and security of products. The skill demands of the various operations are essentially similar as they are denominated by physical rather than mental activities. The skills and operations can be combined in one person. Further, the escalating cost of production in the face of stagnant commodity price and the increasing scarcity of experienced and skilled tapers are persuasive facts to argue against the present level of division of labour in crop exploitation. The research adopts the work-study empirical approach to establish the feasibility of tapping job de-specialization and enrichment that optimizes individual tapping labour supply. The present tapping job design was studied, analysed, criticised and alternative method elaborated. Further, structured questionnaire survey method was deployed........

Keywords: Work-study, job enrichment, de-specialization, boredom, enlargement

[1]. Taylor F. (1911). The Principle of Scientific Management. 2014 Reprint edition. Amazon.com
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[3]. Britton D.K. (1975) Size and Efficiency in farming, Berkeley Hill.
[4]. Barnard C.S. (1973) Farm planning and control, Cambridge University Press,
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Abstract: The impact of ongoing progress in Science and Technology has created variety of systems that can be used in producing of refrigeration effect with the use of thermoelectric module and photovoltaic module for generation of energy in which we further use for cooling and heating effect. The most important utilization of this portable air cooler is for to deliver cold air. A Thermoelectric module (Peltier Module) is used instead of refrigeration system (VCC or VAC cycle). The most important utilization of this air cooler is for to deliver cold air. A Thermoelectric module (TEM) is used as it is based on the principles of Peltier effect. The use ofPeltier effect is to create heating side and cooling side......

Keywords: ThermoelectricModule (Peltier Module), Thermoelectric Air cooler.

[1]. ElCosnierW.,GillesM.,Lingai.,Anexperimentalandnumericalstudyofathermoelectricair-coolingandair-heatingsystem. international journalof refrigeration, 31,1051–1062,(2008).
[2]. Sujin.,VoraandSeetawan.,AnalyzingofThermoelectricRefrigeratorPerformance.Proceedingsofthe2ndInternationalScience,Social-Science, EngineeringandEnergyConference, 25,154–159,(2000) .
[3]. Wei.,Jinzhi., Jingxin&Chen.,Theoretical and experimental investigation on a thermoelectric cooling and heatingsystemdrivenbysolar.AppliedEnergy, 107,89–97,(2013).
[4]. RiffatandGuoquan.,Comparitiveinvestigation of thermoelectricair- conditioners versus vapourcompressionand absorptionair-conditioners. JournalofApplied ThermalEngineering,24 ,1979-1993,(2004).
[5]. RiffatandQiu.,Designandcharacterizationofacylindricalwatercooledheatsinkforthermoelectricair-conditioners. International journalof energy research, 30,67-80,(2005)..

Abstract: In this experiment two types of fibers like hooked end steel fiber and jute fiber were used as reinforcement in the cube, prism, and cylinder specimens. An experiment study was carried out to investigate the effect of steel fiber and jute fiber on the mechanical properties of M30 concrete like compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength. When fibers are added to the concrete its mechanical properties increase depending upon the proportion of fiber mix with the concrete and also it improved resistance to the cracks. The improvement was observed in the mechanical properties of concrete due to the presence of steel fibers and jute fibers. There is a significant increase in the mechanical properties of concrete with the addition of jute fibers and steel fiber..

Keywords: Steel Fiber, Jute Fiber, Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, Flexural Strength.

[1]. Fatih Altun, Tefaruk Haktanir, Kamura Ari (2007), "Effects of steel fiber addition on mechanical properties of concrete and RC beams".
[2]. Tiwari, A K Sahu and R P Pathak (2009), "Mechanical Properties and Durability Study of Jute Fiber Reinforced Concrete", IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering.
[3]. John Summerscales, Amandeep Virk (2011), "Modelling tensile properties of jute fibers", Materials Science and Technology, 2012, 28(7).
[4]. Milind V. Mohod (2012), "Performance of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete", International Journal of Engineering and Science, Vol. 1, Issue 12.
[5]. Chandrasekhar Reddy Kamasani and S. Jagadeesh (2017), "Mechanical Properties of Concrete after Addition of Different Types of Steel Fibers", International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management (IJAIEM), Volume 6, Issue 7.