IOSR-JEF   Volume-16 ~ Issue-6 ~ Nov. – Dec. 2025

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[2]. Delavande, A., Rohwedder, S., & Willis, R. (2008). Preparation For Retirement, Financial Literacy And Cognitive Resources. Michigan Retirement Research Center Research Paper.
[3]. Donohue, M. A. (2011). Financial Literacy And Women: Overcoming The Barriers. University Of Massachusetts Amherst, Scholar Works @Umassamherst.
[4]. D'Silva, B., D'Silva, S., Bhuptani, & Subodh Kumar, R. (2012). Assessing The Financial Literacy Level Among Women In India: An Empirical Study. Journal Of Entrepreneurship And Management; New Delhi.
[5]. Kharchenko, & Olga. (2011). Financial Literacy In Ukraine: Determinants And Implications For Saving Behaviour By. Ukraine: Kyiv School Of Economic,

[1] Article From Which The Data Collection On R & D Expenditure Is Done: Https://Www.Statista.Com/Statistics
[2] Banerjee, S. (2021). Mathematical Modelling: Models, Analysis, And Applications. CRC Press.
[3] Caspary, W. R. (1967). Richardson's Model Of Arms Races: Description, Critique, And An Alternative Model. International Studies Quarterly, 11(1), 63-88.
[4] Chalikias, M., & Skordoulis, M. (2014). Implementation Of Richardson’s Arms Race Model. Applied Mathematical Sciences, 8(81), 4013-4023
[5] Dunne, J. P., Nikolaidou, E., & Smith, R. (2003). 11 Arms Race Models And Econometric Applications. Arms Trade, Security And Conflict: Security And Conflict, 178.

[1]. Antonakakis, N., Chatziantoniou, I., & Gabauer, D. (2020). Dynamic Spillovers And Asymmetric Connectedness Between Global Equity Markets. Journal Of Risk And Financial Management, 13(10), 241.
[2]. Bahadur, K., Singh, S., & Joshi, N. (2017). Volatility Spillover Effect In Indian Stock Market. Asian Journal Of Management, 8(3), 582–589.
[3]. Banerjee, A. (2019). Forecasting Of India VIX As A Measure Of Sentiment. International Journal Of Economics And Financial Issues, 9(3), 44–51.
[4]. Dajčman, S., & Festić, M. (2012). Interdependence Between The Slovenian And European Stock Markets: A DCC-GARCH Analysis. Economic Research – Ekonomska Istraživanja, 25(3), 69–96.
[5]. Dikshita, S., & Singh, A. (2019). Estimating And Forecasting Volatility Using ARIMA Model: A Study On NSE, India. Indian Journal Of Finance, 13(3), 7–20.

[1]. Heunks, Felix, J. And Henri Roos, (1992), 'Entrepreneurs In A Changing Cultural Context', In J. J. J. Van Dijck And A. A. L. G. Wentink (Eds.), Transnational Business In Europe, Economic And Social Perspectives, Tilburg: Tilburg University Press, Pp. 4-13.
[2]. Kartika, Fina. (2024). The Role Of Innovation In Startup Success: A Comprehensive Review. Advances: Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis. 2(1), 46 - 582. DOI: Https//Doi.Org/10.60079/Ajeb/V2i1.240.
[3]. Orwa, C. (2021). The Role Of Innovation Capability For Organizational Success In Small And Medium Enterprises. Journal Of Innovation Entrepreneurship, 10(2), 201-219. Https://Doi.Org/10.1186/S13731-021-00152-3
[4]. Heunks, F. J. (1998). Innovation, Creativity And Success. Small Business Economics, 10(3), 263-272.
Https://Doi.Org/10.1023/A:1007958205348
[5]. Ahmad, N. (2024). Innovation Is A Critical Driver Of Success For Startups, Particularly In The Technology Sector. Journal Of Business Research, 78, 45-67.

[1]. Anahideh, H., Kang, L., & Nezami, N. (2022). Fair And Diverse Allocation Of Scarce Resources. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 80. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Seps.2021.101193
[2]. Bhattacharjee, A., Nguyen, D., & Venables, T. (2020). THE PROSPECTS For REGIONAL DISPARITIES In The UK In TIMES Of BREXIT And COVID-19. National Institute Economic Review, 253, R1–R3. Https://Doi.Org/10.1017/Nie.2020.25
[3]. CARLEY, M. (1981). MICHAEL CARLEY* POLITICAL AND BUREAUCRATIC DILEMMAS IN SOCIAL INDICATORS FOR POLICY MAKING.
[4]. Collins, B. K., & Gerber, B. J. (2006). Redistributive Policy And Devolution: Is State Administration A Roadblock (Grant) To Equitable Access To Federal Funds? In Journal Of Public Administration Research And Theory (Vol. 16, Issue 4, Pp. 613–632). Https://Doi.Org/10.1093/Jopart/Muj010
[5]. Cörvers, F., & Mayhew, K. (2021). Regional Inequalities: Causes And Cures. Oxford Review Of Economic Policy, 37(1), 1–16. Https://Doi.Org/10.1093/Oxrep/Graa067

[1]. Basha, S., & Rao, P. (1990). Financial Performance And Challenges Of Vijayawada Co-Operative Central Bank Ltd. Indian Journal Of Banking & Finance, 12(4), 45-58.
[2]. Bhulal, R. (2016). Financial Performance Analysis Of Kangra Central Co-Operative Bank: A Study On Profitability And Risk Management. International Journal Of Banking And Finance, 8(2), 112-128.
[3]. Chellani, M. (2008). Sustainability-Oriented Banking In Cooperative Banks: A Case Study Of Baroda District Central Co-Operative Bank Ltd. Journal Of Rural Banking, 6(1), 25-39.
[4]. Gupta, A. (2008). The Role Of Statistical Analysis In Financial Decision-Making For Cooperative Banks. Journal Of Financial Studies, 10(3), 67-82.
[5]. Hooda, S. (2011). Financial Challenges In District Central Cooperative Banks (Dccbs) In India. International Journal Of Rural Finance, 5(2), 85-97.

[1]. Alam, M. Q., & Alam, M. S. (2018). The Determinants Of India’s FDI Inflows: The Bound Test Analysis. UPUEA Economic Journal, 2018 Conference Volume, 75–79.
[2]. Bandekar, B. N., & Sankaranarayan, K. G. (2014). Factor Determinants Of FDI Inflows To India. Radix International Journal Of Research In Social Science, 3(5), 1–12.
[3]. Demirhan, E., & Masca, M. (2008). Determinants Of Foreign Direct Investment Flows To Developing Countries: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. (SSRN Working Paper).
[4]. Goel, S., Kumar, M., & Rao, K. S. (2012). Trends And Patterns Of FDI In India And Its Economic Growth. (Working Paper, IIT Kharagpur).
[5]. Granger, C. W. J., & Newbold, P. (1974). Spurious Regressions In Econometrics. Journal Of Econometrics, 2(2), 111–120.