iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-11 ~ November-2018

Abstract: Nanomedicine is the utilization of knowledge and tools of nanotechnology in the field of medicine. Theranostics is one of the new emerging fields in the branch of nanomedicine. Theranostics combines therapy and diagnostics. Theranostics focuses on the integration of information from a diverse set of biomarkers to create pharmaceutical formulations for a targeted subpopulation where the drug can display greater therapeutic efficacy and less toxicity. Nanoparticles are available in various forms which include Quantum dots, dendrimers, gold nanoparticles, liposomes, magnetic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes. The unique size dependent electronic, optical, thermal, mechanical properties of nanomaterials are the properties that make them to use in the field of medicines..........

KEYWORDS: Theranostics, Nanoparticles, Cancer Therapy, Diagnostics.

[1]. Hegdekar CN (2010) Nanotechnology and the theranostic approach for the future management of cancer and the ethics of nanomedicine, Available at: http://www.medlink-uk.net/wp content/uploads/pathprojectsnanotechnology2011/HegdekarC.pdf (Accessed: 17th September 2016).

[2]. HongD, Fang W. Image Guided Biodistribution and Pharmacokinetic Studies of Theranostics. Theranostics 2012; 2: 1040-53.

[3]. Jeelani S, Jagat Reddy RC, Maheswaran T, Asokan GS, Dany A, Anand B. Theranostics: A treasured tailor for tomorrow. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2014; 6: Suppl 1: 6-8.

[4]. Xie J, Lee S and Chen X. Nanoparticle-based theranostic agents. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2010; 62: 1-32.

[5]. Vinhas R, Cordeiro M, Carlo FF, Mendo S, Fernandes RA, Figueiredo S, Baptista V P. Gold nanoparticle-based theranostics: disease diagnostics and treatment using a single Nanomaterial. Nanobiosensors in Disease Diagnosis 2015; 4: 11-23..

Abstract: Objective : To evaluate the maternal & fetal outcomes of pregnancies, complicated by rheumatic heart diseases in a developing country. Methods: This was a 3 ½ years observational study carried out in 100 pregnancies in a women with rheumatic heart disease from January 2015 to June 2018 at a tertiary care centre in India. Results : Mitral stenosis was the commonest lesion (38%) caused by rheumatic fever. 75% of pregnancies were in NYHA class II group, 72% of patients had spontaneous vaginal delivery. The incidence of PAH (mild to moderate) was 53% & CCF developed in 14% cases. No maternal deasth occur in our study. The incidence of LBW baby was 40%. Intrauterine fetal death was noted in one case (1%) only. Conclusion: Heart diseases in pregnancy has a major impact on pregnancy outcome. Multidisciplinary co-operation, proper pre-conceptual & antenatal care are the key measure to improve the fetomaternal outcome.

Keywords: Rheumatic heart disease, Pregnancy outcome, NYHA classification.

[1]. Mudaliar and Menons Textbook of Clinical Obstetrics. Diseases of the Cardiovascular System 2005. 195-199.
[2]. Williams Textbook of Obstetrics 2005. Cardiovascular Diseases. 1017-1023.
[3]. Vinayakumar D. Vinod GV, Madbavan S, et: al. Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women undergoing balloon mitral valvotomy for rheumatic mitral stenosis. Indian Heart j. 2016;68(6):7S0-782.
[4]. Vinaykumar M, Narnia j, Reddy KS, et al. Incidence of rheumatic fever and prevalence of rheumatic heart: disease in India, hit. I Cardiol. 1994;43:221-228.
[5]. Bhatla N, Lai S, Behra G, Kriplani A, et al. Cardiac Disease in pregnancy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2003; 82: 153-9..

Abstract: Purpose: To study the outcome of clear corneal incision on steep meridian in eye with pre existing corneal astigmatism after phacoemulsification. Method: It was a rural hospital based, prospective, interventional study which included 84 eyes of 84 patients with immature cataract and pre existing corneal astigmatism of up to 1.5 D who underwent 3.2 mm clear corneal phacoemulsification procedure either superior incision in patients having WTR or temporal incision in patients having ATR by single surgeon. Thus patients were grouped in two categories depending upon type of pre operative corneal astigmatism. Superior incision and temporal incision, each had 42 patients. The data was analyzed by chi-square test and p value < 0.05 was considered significant..........

Key Words: Pre existing astigmatism, steep meridian, surgically induced astigmatism

[1]. Sangeeta shisode, Sweety Dahatonde. Effect of clear corneal incision on pre existing astigmatism in phacoemulsification. Indian Journal of Applied Research, July 2016; 6(7): 22-24.
[2]. Akbar Khan, Mumtaz Alam, Muhammad Rafiq Afridi, Imran Ahmad. Effect of incision site on pre existing astigmatism in Phacoemulsification. Pak J Ophthamol 2014;30(1): 45-48.
[3]. GVS Murthy, Sanjee K Gupta. The Right to Sight initiative in India. IJO
[4]. Mahatab Khanzada, Arshad Lodhi, Nisar siyal, Shahid Mirza. Change in pre existing corneal astigmatism after phacoemulsification through clear corneal incision. JLUMHS. SEPTEMBER-DECEMBER 2013;12(3): 151-155.
[5]. Yi DH, Sullivan BR. Phacoemulsification with indocyanine green versus manual expression extracapsular cataract extraction for advanced cataract. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2002; 28: 2165-9..

Abstract: Background: Considering high prevalence of Anemia in general population and direct impact on patient health, Anemia causes important physiologic effect on the cardiovascular system; however studies measuring Anemia prevalence in population is rare. CVDs, are the most common cause of death worldwide, including (40%) in high-income countries, and (28%) in low and middle-income countries. Present study was performed to analyze the prevalence of Anemia in patients with cardiovascular disease. Method: The study was conducted at MGM hospital with 100 ST-elevated myocardial infarction patients between 18 to 70 years age group..........

[1]. World Health Organization. Proceedings of the 15th Annual Conference of the Indian Society of Hypertension and 4th International CME on Atherosclerosis, ―Hypertension and Coronary Artery Disease,‖ WHO New Delhi India, November. 2005.
[2]. UNRWA United Nations Relief and Work Agency for ―Palestine Refugees in the NearEast,‖ Annual Report of the Department of Health. 2006.
[3]. Joyce A, Wahr, ―Anaemia and Cardiovascular Disease,‖ Transfusion alternative in transfusion medicine, (2). 24-30. 2008.
[4]. Fauci A, Braunwald E, Kasper D, Hauser S, Longo D, Jameson J, et al. Harrison, ―Principle's of internal medicine,‖ 17 Ed. New York: McGraw publishing Co. 2008.
[5]. Mark J, Sarnak, HocineTighiouart, GuruprasadManjunath, et al, ―Anaemia as a Risk Factorfor Cardiovascular Disease in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study,‖ J Am Coll cardiology, 40 (1). 27-33. 2002.