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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Influence of keratin on the growth of some keratinophilic fungi |
Country | : | India |
Authors | : | Namita Kumari || Arvind Kumar |
: | 10.9790/3008-09610104 |
Abstract: During our investigation, some fungal species were isolated which are keratinophilic in nature.They frequently occurred on hair, feather, nail, hoof, horn and skin Some of them are potentially pathogenic, causing so many skin diseases in human beings and animals. The considerable growth of these isolates on keratin like polymer is not at all possible without the hydrolysis to simpler fractions. The present finding corroborates the keratin digesting ability of these fungi.
Keywords: Control, keratinophilic fungi, keratin and Growth behaviour.
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fungi."Mycopathologia, 127:103–115.
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dermatophytes and other keratinoplilic fungi."RevistaIberoamericana de Micologia, Spain, pp 77–85.
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Abstract: Nanotechnology applications have occurred rapidly. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have useful effects for their less hazards on the environment and for their application usages: paints, cosmetics, biomedicine and food as zinc supplements. ZnO NPs toxic effect is due to their tissue accumulation ability. Four ZnO NPs concentration levels effect was investigated on 75 male Wistar rats submandibular gland for 8 weeks. Treated groups histopathological sections showed progressive atrophy and degenerative changes in acini and striated ducts dilatation. Treated groups ultrathin sections showed small irregular nucleus, degenerated mitochondria, few zymogen granules, dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum and plenty of phagocytosed apoptotic bodies and lysozomes. Study results proved ZnO NPs toxicity as their doses are one of critical factors which are influencing their toxicity.
[1]. S. Soheili, M. Saeed, S. Attaollah, and G. Masoud, Histopathological Effects of ZnO Nanoparticles on Liver and Heart Tissues in Wistar Rats. Adv Biores, 4, 2013, 83-88.
[2]. U. Erb, K. Aust, and G. Palumbo, In nanostructured materials. processing, properties and potential applications, (New York, 2002), 179-222.
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[5]. K. Matsuyama, Bioimaging application of highly luminescent silica-coated ZnO-nanoparticle quantum dots with biotin. Colloid Interface Sci, 1, 2013, 19-25.
[6]. H. Seung, Rat pancreatitis produced by 13-week administration of zinc oxide nanoparticles: biopersistence of nanoparticles and possible solutions. J Appl Toxicol, 4, 2013, 102-110.
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Silver nanoparticles effect on some immunological parameters in rabbits |
Country | : | Iraq |
Authors | : | Frial Gemeel Abd, |
: | 10.9790/3008-09611012 |
Abstract: Silver nanoparticles that produced by clinical Morganella morganii ,were used in immunization rabbits and found effect on immunological parameter s,immunoglobulin IgG, concentrations were higher ( 3601.566±79.1) than control group (625.4333±39.95 ).IgM concentrations were decreased in test group ( 76.633±5.15 ) compared with control group( 236.133±7.650 ) . Mitotic index for B cell also were determined and found there were increased in test group compare with control .Spleen was studied and found reactive follicular hyperplasia and congested red pulp and reactive follicular hyperplasia and congested blood vessel at 10xand white pulp no significant changes x 10 and congested red pulp x 40,the conclusion of this study that silver nanoparticles induce humoral immune response.
[1]. Allen,J.W.;Shulle,C.F.;Mendes ,R.W. and Latt,S.A.(1977)Asimplified technique for in vivo analysis of sister chronatid exchange using 5-bromodexy uridine tables.cytogenetics 18:231-237
[2]. Abd F.G; Al-Kawaz A.,H and Al-Dahamoshi H.O (2013) Phenotyping and genotypinic investigation on silver nanoparticales of Morganella morganii recovered from(cauti),Iraq .I.J.M.PS 3(3):29-38.
[3]. Atiyeh BS, Costagliola M, Hayek SN and Dibo SA (2007): Effect of silver on burn wound infection control and healing: review of the literature. Burns 33: 139-148
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[6]. Sarker S,Jana AD ,SamantaSK ;Mostafa G.;Facile(2007)Synthesis of silver naoparticles with highly efficient anti-microbial property.Polyhedron 26:4419-4426-
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Abstract: Arsenic has been used as a therapeutic agent against various diseases right from the historical periods. Arsenic trioxide (As2O3), a first line chemotherapeutic against Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL), is well known for its cardiotoxicity. We hypothesized that combination of drug and protective molecules can be used for reducing the side effects of chemotherapeutics. The present study evaluates the protective role of L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) and α-Tocopherol (α-TOC) against oxidative stress in H9c2 cardiomyocytes induced by As2O3. Clinically relevant concentration of arsenic trioxide induces cytotoxicity in cardiac cells. Treatment with antioxidant vitamins significantly reduced the cell death and apoptosis in H9c2 cells.
[1]. Tallman MS, Nabhan C, Feusner JH, Rowe JM. Acute promyelocytic leukemia: evolving therapeutic strategies: review. Blood. 2002; 99(3):759-67.
[2]. Karasavvas N, Carcamo JM, Stratis G, Golde DW. Vitamin C protects HL60 and U266 cells from arsenic toxicity. Blood. 2005; 105(10):4004-12.
[3]. Hede K. Chinese folk treatment reveals power of arsenic to treat cancer, new studies under way. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007; 99(9): 667-8.
[4]. McNeely SC, Belshoff AC, Taylor BF, Fan TW, McCabe MJ Jr, Pinhas AR, States JC. Sensitivity to sodium arsenite in human melanoma cells depends upon susceptibility to arsenite-induced mitotic arrest. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008; 229(2):252-61.
[5]. Barbey JT. Cardiac toxicity of arsenic trioxide: Review. Blood. 2001; 98(5): 1632.
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Abstract: Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.)Bosser commonly called kadam enjoys a hallowed position in Ayurveda. This study is to make a quantitative estimation of some important minerals like Fe, Ca, Mg, Cr, Pb, Cd, Zn, Se, Cu, and P of the fruit (ripe) of Kadam. The fruit has been reported to be edible. The data obtained from this study show that 100g of the edible portion of the fruit contains 40.02mg Fe, 343.7mg Ca, 191.7mg Mg, 2.434mg Zn, 2.362mg Cr, and 1.344 mg Cu.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Kadam, Iron, Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc, Neolamarckia cadamba
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Abstract: The healing properties of Moringa oil, also known as Behen oil, were documented by ancient and modern cultures. The antidiabetic properties of Moringa oleifera Lam seed oil extracted with petroleum ether and dichloromethane (MOPE and MODM) were investigated and compared with the standard drug glibenclimide (STND) in normoglycemic rats. The oral doses of MOPE and MODM at 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5ml/kg bodyweight along with 500μg/kg.bw STND and 2.5ml/kg.bw of dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) control group (CNTRL) respectively was given to 5 groups of normoglycemic wister rats of 3 rats per group. MOPE (2.0ml/kg.bw) and STND showed significant (P<0.05) decrease in blood glucose at 120mins (14.10% and 14.79%) while MODM (1.5ml and 2.0ml) and STND showed significant (P<0.05) decrease in blood glucose level at 6.88%, 15.22% and14.10% respectively. The acute toxicity test of MOPE and MODM showed no sign of toxicity at higher dose of 5ml/kg.bw. Therefore, Moringa oleifera seed oil can serve as a source of potential hypoglycemic agent or adjuvant.
[1]. M. Abdullah, G. Muhammad, and N. U. Abdulkadir, (2003). Medicinal and Economic Plants of Nupe Land (pp 276). Bida Nigeria: Jube-Evans Books and Publications.
[2]. Y. K. Adamu, A. S. Aderonke and E. O. Ogbadoyi (2010). Therapeutic effects of Annona senegalensis Pers stem bark extracts in experimental African Trypanosomiasis. Internationl Journal of Health Research, 3 (1), 45-49.
[3]. A.A. Adeneye , O. O.Amole and A. K. Adeneye (2006): Hypoglycemic and Hypocholesterolemic activities of the aqueous leaf and seed extract of Phyllanthus amarus in mice. Fitoterapia 77: 511-514.
[4]. J. A. Bouwknercht, B. Olivier and R. E. Paylor (2007). The stress–induced hyperthermia paradigm as a physiological animal model for anxiety: a review of pharmacological and genetic studies in the mouse. Neuroscience and Behavior, 31 (1), 41-59.
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[6]. L. A. Cheng-Tzu, W. A. Pei-Linn, L. A. Chong-Kuei, H. A. Hunry, and S. B. Lee-Yan, (2006). Antidiabetic effect of garlic oil but not diallyl disulfide in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 44 (8), 1377–1384.
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Abstract: Diabetes is a multisystem disorder marked by elevated blood sugar level. It has been estimated that the global burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for 2030 is projected to increase to 438 million ; a 65 % increase. During diabetes, persistent hyperglycemia causes increased production of free radicals especially reactive oxygen species (ROS) as by-products of normal cellular metabolism. The chronic hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance and abnormal lipoprotein profiles found in diabetes may contribute to a decrease of bioavability of vascular nitric oxide (NO), impairing endothelium- dependent vasodilatation documented in and in humans with diabetes. Oxidized LDL may contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis by enhancing endothelial injury.Extracts of chirata reduced LDL oxidation by about 40% which is very close to the efficacy of Atorvastatin (reduction by 51.72%).
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Abstract: Nesticodes rufipes (Lucas 1846) commonly called as red house spider was collected and stored in 70% alcohol. The morphometric measurements and sexual dimorphism of both male and females were carried out. The male pedipalp and female epigynum were removed, mounted and detailed structure wasdescribed. The principle component analysis (PCA) was performed for 16 variables and found that female spiderdifferedfrom male spider significantly in all variables.
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Abstract: Nasal polyps are mucosal lesions raised from paranasal sinuses as a response to infectious or inflammatory stimuli. From histological view, nasal polyps had thick and proliferative epithelial mucosa. Stem cells are originator cells; liable for regeneration of cells. Nestin is an intermediate filament protien expressed in progenitor cells and play a major role in tissue regeneration.
[1] Bateman ND, Fahy C, Woolford TJ. Nasal polyps: Still more questions than answers.J Laryngol Otol 2003; 117: 1-9.
[2] Ehrmann J, Kola'r Z, Mokry J: Nestin as a diagnostic and prognostic marker: immunohistochemical analysis of its expression in different tumours. J Clin Pathol 2005, 58:222-223.
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[4] Mumbuc S, Karakok M, Baglam T, Karatas E, Durucu C, Kibar Y. Immunohistochemical analysis of PCNA, Ki67 and p53 in nasal polyposis and sinonasal inverted papilloma. J Int Med Res2007;35:237-41.
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[7] Rogério Pezato, Danilo Cândido de Almeida, Thiago Freire Bezerra,et al. Immunoregulatory Effects of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Nasal Polyp Microenvironment. Mediators of Inflammation 2014; 2014:11.
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Abstract: Eszopiclone is a class of drug with hypnotic effect and mainly used in the treatment of Insomnia. The main objective of the present study was to develop a pharmaceutically equivalent, stable, cost effective and quality improved formulation of immediate release tablets of Eszopiclone using different concentration of disintegrants and diluents mainly MCC. Pre formulation studies were performed prior to formulation. The tablets were compressed using lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate, magnesium stearate and opadry blue (white for 2mg) was used for coating the tablets. The tablets were formulated by direct compression method.
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Abstract:This paper aims to provide an overview of the literature on the mechanics and diagnosis of traumatic brain injuries (TBI). The understanding of TBI is of prime importance for diagnosis and subsequent treatment and rehabilitation of those affected. The mechanism of a brain injury may be any of the following: head acceleration-deceleration,thoracic pressure surge, anddirect transmission through cranial bone. Researchers have used experimental methods such as shock generation via shock tube to simulate trauma conditions and computational tools such as Finite Element Modeling tomodel the brain tissue and analyze the effects of various brain injury mechanisms.
[1]. Bauman, Richard A., et al. "An introductory characterization of a combat-casualty-care relevant swine model of closed head injury resulting from exposure to explosive blast." Journal of neurotrauma 26.6 (2009): 841-860. [2]. Bradshaw, D. R. S., and C. L. Morfey. Pressure and shear responses in brain injury models. No. 2001-06-0197.SAE Technical Paper, 2001. [3]. Cengel and Boles, Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach, Mc-Graw Hill, 2006
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Abstract:Effectiveness of many antibiotics has been remarkably decreased due to bacterial resistance. the present work aims to explore a novel antimicrobial nanocomposite with greater efficacy against resistant bacteria. Tobramycin-silver nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy, UV-VIS Spectroscopy, Zetasizer and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activity of tobramycin, silver nanoparticles and Tobramycin-silver nanocomposite was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aurignosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis and acinetobacter bauminaii, the results revealed that Tobramycin-silver nanocomposite had enhanced antimicrobial efficacy against the selected resistant strains in range between 250% and 980% than Tobramycin alone.
Key words: Bacterial resistance, antimicrobial agent, Tobramycin-silver nanocomposite, silver nanoparticles.
[1]. Ali, M.A., Eldin, T.A.S., Moghazy, G.M. El, Tork, I.M., Omara, I.I., 2014. Original Research Article Detection of E . coli O157 : H7 in feed samples using gold nanoparticles sensor 3, 697–708.
[2]. Ali, M.I., 2013. Combined efficacy of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles and different antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria 3187–3195.
[3]. Anbuselvi, S., 2013. Isolation And Characterization Of PNP Degrading Bacteria From Pharma Industry 5, 1114–1118.
[4]. Behera, S.S., Jha, S., Arakha, M., Panigrahi, T.K., 2013. Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Microbial Source-A Green Synthesis Approach , and Evaluation of its Antimicrobial Activity against Escherichia coli 3, 58–62.
[5]. Boucher, H.W., Talbot, G.H., Bradley, J.S., Edwards, J.E., Gilbert, D., Rice, L.B., Scheld, M., Spellberg, B., Bartlett, J., 2009. Bad bugs, no drugs: no ESKAPE! An update from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin. Infect. Dis. 48, 1–12. doi:10.1086/595011
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Abstract:Medication error is a significant issue of concern in medical practice because it can lead to severe and deleterious reaction. The issue is of more concern in anaesthetic practice in which medications are administered to interfere with the normal activity of the central nervous system so as to prevent pain associated with medical procedures. This papers reviews record of anaesthetic medication administration error in the African setting drawing from records of contemporary databases. Also the likely causes were enumerated and recommendations to ensure best practices.
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