IOSR-JHSS   Volume-30 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2025

Abstract: Resumo: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa teórica de revisão bibliográfica de artigos e periódicos com objetivo de verificar como tem sido o planejamento financeiro dos idosos ao longo da vida. No Brasil, ainda não temos uma forte cultura de educação financeira. Diferente de outros países, as crianças e adolescentes não aprendem muito sobre isso na escola, por exemplo. Assim, muitos jovens, adultos e idosos têm dificuldade para fazer um planejamento financeiro. É fato que a população envelhece e esforços são feitos para que idosos sejam saudáveis e produtivos.......

[1]. BALTES, P. B.; SMITH, J. Novas fronteiras para o futuro do envelhecimento: da velhice bem-sucedida do idoso jovem aos dilemas da quarta idade. Revista A Terceira Idade, SESC São Paulo, v. 17, n. 36, p. 7-31, 2006. Disponível em: https://www.sescsp.org.br/files/edicao_revista/4ed8a079-074e-4baf-8f72-6770562f0853.pdf. Acesso em: 1 set. 2018.
[2]. DEBERT, G. G. A reinvenção da velhice: socialização. São Paulo: Editora da Universidade de São Paulo; FAPESP, 2004.
[3]. DEBERT, G. G. Velhice e o curso da vida pós-moderno. Revista USP, n. 42, p. 70-83, 1999. Disponível em: http://www.revistas.usp.br/revusp/article/view/28456. Acesso em: 1 set. 2018.
[4]. ELIAS, N. A sociedade dos indivíduos. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar, 1994.
[5]. FEDERAÇÃO DOS TRABALHADORES APOSENTADOS E PENSIONISTAS DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL. Planejamento financeiro para idosos é essencial para seguir a vida com tranquilidade. 2021. Disponível em: http://www.fetapergs.org.br/index.php/noticias/noticias-de-2021/item/598-planejamento-financeiro-para-idosos-e-essencial-para-seguir-a-vida-com-tranquilidade. Acesso em: 15 maio 2023

Abstract: Dalit movements from the very beginning have been based on different ideological strands in different parts of the country. The aim of the Dalit movements began as a protest movement to achieve socio-political transformation in the status of Dalit community in India. The word ‘Dalit’ refers to the existential conditions of a group of people who were earlier known as ‘Untouchables’. Untouchability is a deeply ingrained consequence of the caste system and is an unacceptable and harmful social practice. It was abolished when the Indian constitution......

Keywords: Dalit, Movement, Politics, Caste, Society, Untouchability, Discrimination

[1]. https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/the-present-and-future-of-dalit-politics/article67454822.ece. Accessed on 20.4.2025.
[2]. https://grnpp.org/dalits-in-parliamentary-politics-caste-violence-and-local-democracy-in-india/. Accessed on 20.4.2025.
[3]. https://vajiramandravi.com/upsc-exam/mahad-satyagraha/. Accessed on 23.4.2025.
[4]. https://en.themooknayak.com/bahujan-nayak/dalit-history-month-special-fostering-dalit-consciousness-dr-br-ambedkars-role-in-combating-caste-discrimination. Accessed on 13.4.2025.

Abstract: Background: Language politeness plays a crucial role in daily interactions, including those within educational context. This study examines the politeness of directive speech acts in communication between teachers and students at one high school in Jember Regency, Indonesia, focusing on the forms of speech acts, the level of politeness, the factors that influence them, and their impact on communication effectiveness. Materials and Methods: This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with observation, interview, listening and writing techniques. Data were obtained from direct observation inside and outside the classroom, interviews with four teachers and students, and analysis of conversation transcripts and supporting literature. Results: The study indicate that......

Keywords: directive speech acts; linguistic study; politeness of language; teacher-student communication

[1]. https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/the-present-and-future-of-dalit-politics/article67454822.ece. Accessed on 20.4.2025.
[2]. https://grnpp.org/dalits-in-parliamentary-politics-caste-violence-and-local-democracy-in-india/. Accessed on 20.4.2025.
[3]. https://vajiramandravi.com/upsc-exam/mahad-satyagraha/. Accessed on 23.4.2025.
[4]. https://en.themooknayak.com/bahujan-nayak/dalit-history-month-special-fostering-dalit-consciousness-dr-br-ambedkars-role-in-combating-caste-discrimination. Accessed on 13.4.2025.