iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-11 ~ Nov. 2022

Abstract: Urinary tract infection is a serious public health challenge that affects men and women, old and young, both in the community and hospital settings, causing cystitis and pyelonephritis, with associated complications. Factors that predispose individuals to UTI are gender, age, sex, marital status, and environmental factors. This study was designed to determine the predictive factors for community acquired urinary tract infection in Enugu State rural communities.In a cross-sectional study, a well-structured questionnaire was used to collect datafrom 780 respondents, to investigate their socio-demographic characteristics, symptoms of UTIs, knowledge, practices, and treatment on UTIs..........

Key words: Community-acquired UTI, respondents, knowledge, predictor, questionnaire.

[1]. Altaweel W, Seyam R. Sexual Dysfunction and Fertility in Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction. Neurourology. 2019:457-78. [2]. Foxman, B., 2002. Epidemiology of urinary tract infections: incidence, morbidity, and economic costs. The American journal of medicine, 113(1), pp.5-13. [3]. Kabugo, D., Kizito, S., Ashok, D.D., Kiwanuka, A.G., Nabimba, R., Namunana, S., Kabaka, R.M., Achan, B. and Najjuka, F.C., 2016. Factors associated with community-acquired urinary tract infections among adults attending assessment centre, Mulago Hospital Uganda. African health sciences, 16(4), pp.1131-1142. [4]. Norusis, M.J., 1990. Statistical package for social sciences. Statistical Data Analysis.
[5]. Lund DM. Effect of Continuing Education on Reduction of Urinary Tract Infection (Doctoral dissertation, The College of St. Scholastica).

Abstract: A 50 years of age female presented to the General Medicine opd with complaints of easy fatiguability, abdominal distension, fever (on and off) and weight loss for past 3 months. Admitted and evaluated her in detail. Her Chest X-ray showed f/s/o Dextrocardia. Usg abdomen & pelvis showed situs inversus totalis. Due to elevated white blood cell count , as well as platelet count and decreased Hemoglobin, patient was planned for Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. Both confirmed presence of CML in accelerated phase. P210 positive for BCR-ABL transcript. Imatinib mesylate administered. Following which her white blood cell count started decreasing. Patient showed improvement in her general condition......

Key Word: CML, Situs inversus totalis, P210 positive .

[1]. Sun Y, Li X, Li L, Liu H, Xu Q and Liu B: A patient with chronic myeloid leukemia and situs inversus totalis: A case report. Oncol Lett 14: 7425-7430, 2017 [2]. Emmanuel Kobina MesiEdzie, KlenamDzefi-Tettey, Obed Cudjoe, Philip NartehGorleku, Patrick Adu, "Incidental Finding of Dextrocardia with Situs Inversus in a 59-Year-Old Man", Case Reports in Radiology, vol. 2019, Article ID 7107293, 4 pages, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7107293 [3]. Osarenkhoe, J. (2022) Situs Inversus: A Review of 191 Published Cases. Open Journal of Internal Medicine, 12, 85-94. doi: 10.4236/ojim.2022.122010. [4]. Verma SP, Subbiah A, Jacob SE, Basu D. Chronic myeloid leukaemia with extreme thrombocytosis. BMJ Case Rep. 2015 Aug 19;2015:bcr2014204564. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2014-204564. PMID: 26290562; PMCID: PMC4550973.
[5]. Zafar MZ (2017) Patient with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Study. J Cancer Sci Ther 9: 635-636. doi:10.4172/1948-5956.1000485

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease which is caused by bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) typically and can also affect other sites (extrapulmonary TB).Incomplete ATT results in increased transmission rates, emergence of multidrug resistant strains of TB bacillus, extensively drug resistant strains and totally drug resistant strains that emerged in 2012 in India. Hence, the present study is enforced to identify the risk factors associated with lost to follow up among TB patients during treatment........

Keywords: Lost to follow up , risk factors

[1]. TRAINING MODULES (1-4) FOR PROGRAMME MANAGERS AND MEDICAL OFFICERS; New Delhi, India: Central TB Division, MoHFW, Government of India; July 2020., Available from:www.tbcindia.gov.in
[2]. Chani K.Factors affecting compliance to tuberculosis treatment in Andara Kavango region Namibia 2010.
[3]. K Sharma Surrendra.Textbook of Tuberculosis and Non Tuberculous Mycobacterial Diseaeses:3rd ed.New delhi(India):Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers;2020.Chapter 8,Laboratory Diagnosis of Tuberculosis:Best Practices and Current Policies;p107.
[4]. WHO | Global tuberculosis report 2021 [Internet]. WHO.(published on 14 October 2021) Available from: http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/

Abstract: Background: Malignant pleural effusions are a common clinical problem in patients with neoplastic disease and almost all malignancies have been reported to involve the pleura. In most studies, lung carcinoma has been the most common neoplasm, accounting for one-third of all malignant effusions. Breast carcinoma is next most common. Ovarian and gastrointestinal carcinomas are less commonly associated with malignant pleural effusions. No primary tumor is identified in 5 to 10% of malignant effusions. Although many factors predict prognosis in malignant pleural effusions including primary tumor, ECOG PS, Koronofsky score, pleural fluid LDH, pH and glucose levels, there is no validated prognostic scoring system that could stratify patients with malignant effusion. The present study is undertaken to evaluate the role of LENT Score in predicting survival in malignant pleural effusion.......

Key Word: LENT; ECOG PS; Survival; Prognosis; Malignant pleural effusion

[1]. The American Thoracic Society. Management of malignant pleural effusions. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162:1987-2001
[2]. Davies HE, Mishra EK, Kahan BC, et al. Effect of an indwelling pleural catheter vs chest tube and talc pleurodesis for relieving dyspnea in patients with malignant pleural effusion: the TIME2 randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2012; 307:2383-9.21
[3]. Dresler CM, Olak J, Herndon JE II, et al. Phase III intergroup study of talc poudrage vs talc slurry sclerosis for malignant pleural effusion. Chest 2005; 127:909-15.
[4]. Clive AO, Kahan BC, Hooper CE, et al Predicting survival in malignant pleural effusion: development and validation of the LENT prognostic score Thorax Published Online First: 06 August 2014. doi: 10.1136/ thoraxjnl-2014-205285
[5]. Burrows CM, Mathews C, Colt HG. Predicting survival in patients with recurrent symptomatic malignant pleural effusions. Chest. 2000; 117(1): 73-8.

Abstract: Background: Large intestine has a varied spectrum of lesions both non neoplastic and neoplastic. Colorectal cancer is the 3rd most common cancer in men and 2nd in women worldwide with significant geographical, racial, ethnic variation in its incidence rate and pattern. Both macroscopic and microscopic appearance helps in identification of the large intestinal lesions which supports in the treatment of patients in a better way.........

Key Words: Neoplasm, Ischemic, Adenoma, Adenocarcinoma, polyp.

[1]. Fenoglio-Preiser CM, Noffsinger AE, Stemmerman GN, Lantz PE, Isaacon PG. Gastrointestinal pathology An Atlas and Text. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincot Williams & Wilkins; 2008. Chapter 14, Epithelial neoplasms of the colon; pp.899- 1036.
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[4]. Mandal BK, Schofield PF, Morson BC. A clinicopathological study of acute colitis: the dilemma of transient colitis syndrome. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1982;17(7):865-69.
[5]. Haboubi NY, Kamal F. Non-specific colitis, is it a justifiable diagnosis?. Colorectal Dis. 2001;3(4):263-65.

Abstract: Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel viral disease with multisystem involvement and substantial pulmonary symptoms. Numerous prognostic models have so far been developed to direct therapy and resource allocation. There aren't many studies onthe effects of the disease's measurably related respiratory parameters.CALL score, based on four variables (C=co-morbidity, A=age, L=lymphocyte count, L=lactate dehydrogenase, LDH) is aimed at predicting progression toward clinical deterioration.[2] Materials and methods:This retrospective study was conducted in COVID-19 patients attending, Government hospital for chest and communicable diseases between October and December 2020 after obtaining written and informed consent......

Key Word: COVID-19, Comorbidities, LDH, CRP, D-Dimer, CALL Score, Chest X-ray, CT Chest.

[1]. Prediction for progression risk in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: the CALL score. Ji D, Zhang D, Xu J, et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71:1393–1399. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
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Abstract: Background: Pleural effusions are frequently encountered problem. Pleural effusion is a sign of diseases and not the diagnosis by itself. Even though detection of the pleural effusion is an easy thing, the etiological diagnosis of the pleural effusion is difficult in a considerable number of cases. Aim:To study the efficacy of absolute LDH of pleural fluid in lights criteria in differentiating transudate and exudate effusions,comparison of efficacy of absolute pleural fluid LDH and lights criteria in differentiating transudative and exudative effusions......

[1]. Bartter T, Santarelli R, Akers SM, Pratter MR. The evaluation of pleural effusion. Chest 1994; 106:1209-1214
[2]. Light RW. Pleural diseases. 3rd ed. Baltimore: William & Wilkins. 1995, 7-17
[3]. Light RW, MacGregor MI, Luchsinger PC, Ball WC Jr. Pleural effusion: the diagnostic separation of transudates and exudates. Ann Intern Med 1972; 77:507-513
[4]. Vives M, Porcel JM, Vincente de Vera M, Ribelles E, Rubio M.A study of Light's Criteria and possible modifications for distinguishing exudative from transudative pleural effusions. Chest 1996; 109:1503-1507.
[5]. Marel M, Stastny B, Melinova L, Svandova E, Light RW. Diagnosis of pleural effusions: experience with clinical studies, 1986 to 1990. Chest 1995;107:1598-1603

Abstract: Uterine inversions are seldom encountered in the puerperal period with incidence of 1 in 3500 deliveries which are life threatening events. Inversion of non-pregnant uterus is rare event reported approximately 100 cases in literature..Incidence has not been defined. Management of the condition poses many difficulties , surgery is the main modality of the treatment . Here we report a case of 35 years old multiparous women presented to emergency with complaints of heavy menstrual bleeding . on P/A examination uterus was not palpable .on PV examination a globular hard mass measuring 7*7 cm filling the vagina was seen , cervix could not be visualized/reached.USG pelvis showed large fundal fibroid measuring 5*6cm......

Key Word: Non puerperal , Uterine inversion, Haultains procedure .

[1]. Pinder LF, Ouma KO, Nelson BD (2016) Non-Puerperal Uterine Inversion in a Young Woman: A Case Report, Brief Surgical Review, and Clinical Insights. Clin Med Rev Case Rep 3:122. 10.23937/2378-3656/1410122 [2]. Das P. Inversion of the uterus. J Gynaecol Br Emp 1940;47:525–48. [3]. Ishida H, Yano T, Yasuda Y, Takashima A, Takeshita N, Kinoshita T. Nonpuerperal uterine inversion due to submucous leiomyoma. ClinPract. 2011 Nov 10;1(4):e105. doi: 10.4081/cp.2011.e105. PMID: 24765346; PMCID: PMC3981443. [4]. Lascarides E, Cohen M. Surgical management of nonpuerperal inversion of the uterus. Obstet Gynecol. 1968;32:376–81. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] [5]. Bakre T, Gupta AS, Hira P, Parulekar SV. Chronic Non Pueperal Inversion Of Uterus Secondary To Submucosal Fundal Myoma. JPGO 2014. Volume 1 Number 10. Available from: http://www.jpgo.org/2014/10/chronic-non-pueperal-inversion-of.html

Abstract: Aims The globe has been witnessing one of its most challenging health disasters, thecovidpandemic, having created the highest impact on humanlife, world economy and health care form December 2019. The aim of this initiative was to reduce and prevent these catastrophic outcomes in pregnant women. This initiative demonstrates managing clinical risk reactively and proactively and engaging with patients and carers for patient safety......

[1]. WHO. Rolling updates on coronavirus disease (COVID-19). 2020. Available from URL: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/events-as-they-happen. [2]. FIGO. Safe motherhood and COVID. 2020. Available from URL: [3]. ACOG. Outpatient assessment and management for pregnant women with suspected or confirmed novel coronavirus (COVID-19). 2020. Available from URL: https://www.acog.org/-/media/project/acog/acogorg/files/pdfs/clinical-guidance/practice-advisory/covid-19-algorithm.pdf?la=en&hash=2D9E7F62C97F8231561616FFDCA3B1A6 [4]. Kolk FA, Kuip MJHA, van der Meer NJM et al. Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19. Thrombi Res. 2020: S0049-3848 (20): 30120-. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2020.04.013.

Abstract: Background: The term "cardio respiration" refers to the body's cardiac and respiratory systems working together to ensure that enough oxygenated blood is transported throughout the body. Age-related changes in cardiorespiratory variables are well-known, but they should stay within. Among many other such variables, "body positioning" had demonstrated the correlation between a change in posture and cardiorespiratory parameters, that needs adjustments. Therefore, maintaining the ideal body position requires appropriate body positioning for cardiorespiratory parameters to operate properly and efficiently. Aim of study: To study the effects of different body positions on Cardiorespiratory parameters in middle aged population.......

Keywords: Cardiorespiratory parameters, middle aged healthy adults, body positions, Delhi NCR, BMI

[1]. Gordon, S., Jones, A., Sealey, R., & Buettner, P. (2011). Body position and cardio-respiratory variables in older people. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, 52(1), 23-27.
[2]. Tapar, H., Karaman, S., Dogru, S., Karaman, T., Sahin, A., Tapar, G. G., ... & Suren, M. (2018). The effect of patient positions on perfusion index. BMC anesthesiology, 18(1), 111.
[3]. Coonan, T. J., & Hope, C. E. (1983). Cardiorespiratory effects of change of body position. Canadian Anaesthetists' Society Journal, 30(4), 424-437.
[4]. Ceylan, B., Khorshid, L., Güneş, Ü. Y., &Zaybak, A. (2016). Evaluation of oxygen saturation values in different body positions in healthy individuals. Journal of clinical nursing, 25(7-8), 1095-1100.
[5]. Naitoh, S., Tomita, K., Sakai, K., Yamasaki, A., Kawasaki, Y., & Shimizu, E. (2014). The effect of body position on pulmonary function, chest wall motion, and discomfort in young healthy participants. Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics, 37(9), 719-725.

Abstract: Genu valgum is commonest deformity encountered during childhood. In India bilateral genu valgum is generally seen due to deficiency disorders. Unilateral deformity usually occurs due to trauma, infection and rarely because of causes like congenital anomalies, skeletal dysplasia and genetic disorders etc. Genu valgum in skeletally mature children is treated by corrective osteotomies but this has many unresolved aspects to it: 1) There is no reliable method to determine the size of wedge to be removed, which frequently results in over or under correction of deformity. 2) Secondly, there is no consensus on implant to be used for fixation in skeletally mature children.......

Keywords: Genu valgum, Corrective osteotomies, Trigonometry, Medial closing wedgeosteotomy, Lateral closing wedge osteotomy, CORA, Paper tracing method, AutoCAD, Empirical method.

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