iosr-JCE  Volume-28 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep. - Oct. 2026

Abstract: Independent mobility remains a major challenge for persons with visual impairment, particularly in low-resource and linguistically diverse environments where sophisticated assistive technologies and reliable internet connectivity may be limited. This study presents the design and performance evaluation of a low-cost, offline-capable multilingual IoT-enabled smart cane for assistive navigation. The prototype integrates an ESP32 DevKit V1 microcontroller.....

Key Word: Smart cane; Assistive navigation; Multilingual speech; Natural Language Processing; Internet of Things (IoT).

[1]. Adebara, I., Elmadany, A., & Abdul-Mageed, M. (2024). Cheetah: Natural language generation for 517 African languages. Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL 2024).
[2]. DeRenzi, B., Dixon, A., Farhi, M. A., & Resch, C. (2025). Synthetic voice data for automatic speech recognition in African languages. Proceedings of the First Workshop on Advancing NLP for Low-Resource Languages, 152–186.
[3]. Imam, S. H., Sani, B., Gete, D. K., Ahmed, B. Y., Ahmad, I. S., Abdulmumin, I., Yimam, S. M., Bello, M. Y., & Muhammad, S. H. (2025). Automatic speech recognition for African low-resource languages: Challenges and future directions. Proceedings of the Sixth Workshop on African Natural Language Processing (AfricaNLP 2025), 89–94.
[4]. Katumba, A. (2025). Building text-to-speech models for low-resourced languages from crowdsourced data. Applied AI Letters.
[5]. Okolo, G. I., Althobaiti, T., & Ramzan, N. (2025). Smart assistive navigation system for visually impaired people. Journal of Disability Research.

Abstract: A two-dimensional model is presented to compare blood flow in a reference artery and an artery with eccentric stenosis. LDL dynamics serve as the conceptual background; the artery's asymmetric contour was digitized and used to construct the finite element domain. The Navier-Stokes equations for an incompressible fluid were applied; blood was modeled as a Newtonian fluid with a density of 1060 kg/m³ and a viscosity of 0.0035 Pa·s. Boundary conditions included a mean velocity of 0.12 m/s, a no-slip condition at the walls, and zero gauge pressure at the outlet. A triangular mesh was applied separately to..

Key Word: Intrathecal; Hemodynamics; arterial stenosis; atherosclerosis; finite element method; Navier-Stokes; computational fluid dynamics.

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