IOSR-JAP   Volume-18 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep. – Oct. 2026

ABSTRACT: Li-Fi (Light Fidility) is a wireless communication technology that uses visible light, Infrared radiation or UV radiation for data transmission. In this process of communication, the main components are LED (light source), Photodiode or LDR (photo detector), modulation drivers and signal processing unit. The main advantage of Li-Fi is that data transmission speeds up to 100Gbps can be achieved under laboratory conditions, which is more advantageous than Wi-Fi, where we can achieve data transmission speeds up to 6Gbps only. Hence Li-Fi has a future in communication technology, where Li-Fi can replace Wi-Fi......

Keywords: Wireless communication, data transmission, Wi-Fi, Li-Fi, Visible communication, LED, LDR and Photodiode.

[1]. Chowdhury, M. Z., Shahjalal, M., Hasan, M. K., & Jang, Y. M. (2019). The role of optical wireless communication technologies in 5G/6G and IoT solutions: Prospects, directions, and challenges. Applied Sciences, 9(20), 4367. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9204367
[2]. Devi, G., Jayanthi, N., Rahul, S., Karthick, M. S., Raghavendra, S. G., & Anand, M. (2023). A critical review on Li-Fi technology and its future applications. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2690, 020061. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0121967
[3]. Ghassemlooy, Z., Popoola, W., & Rajbhandari, S. (2019). Optical wireless communications. In CRC Press eBooks. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315151724.
[4]. Haas, H. Wireless data from every light bulb [Video]. TED Talks. https://www.ted.com/talks/harald_haas_wireless_data_from_every_light_bulb
[5]. Haas, H., Yin, L., Wang, Y., & Chen, C. (2015). What is LiFi? Journal of Lightwave Technology, 34(6), 1533–1544. https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2015.2510021

ABSTRACT: Background: Corn is an important commodity for supporting food security and the livestock feed industry. However, its post-harvest moisture content can reach 20–30%, which may reduce storage stability and quality. Therefore, an effective drying process is required to reduce moisture content and improve corn shelf life. Materials and Methods: This study aimed to design and develop an automatic corn dryer based on the Internet of Things (IoT) to improve drying efficiency and enable real-time monitoring....

Keywords: Corn Dryer; Internet of Things (IoT); ESP32; Automatic Drying; Real-Time Monitoring.

[1]. E. Baidhe, C. L. Clementson, K. Hellevang, and Z. Lin, “Comprehensive Analysis of Drying Kinetics, Heat and Mass Transfer, and Thermodynamic Properties in High-Temperature Drying of High-Moisture Corn,” Journal of Food Process Engineering, vol. 48, no. 6, e70159, 2025. DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.70159.
[2]. J. Bal, V. K. Kumar, and N. L. Panwar, “Smart Drying of Agricultural Produce: An Industry 4.0 Perspective,” Trends in Food Science & Technology, vol. 169, 105557, 2026. DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2026.105557.
[3]. A. Hiendro, S. Syaifurrahman, F. T. P. Wigyarianto, and F. Husin, “Real-Time Paddy Grain Drying and Monitoring System Using Long Range-Internet of Things,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 448–454, 2025. DOI: 10.11591/ijece. v15i1.pp448-454.
[4]. A. Latif, Suwarjono, M. A. Yusuf, and J. Budiasto, “Real-Time Framework for Sustainable IoT-Based Grain Drying Integrated Load, Temperature, and Energy Performance Monitoring,” pp. 195–206, 2025. DOI: 10.18280/i2m.240301.
[5]. J. F. Villa-Medina, M. Á. Porta-García, J. Gutiérrez, and M. Á. Porta-Gándara, “Solar Forced Convection Dryer for Agriproducts Monitored by IoT,” Internet of Things, vol. 31, 101566, 2025. DOI: 10.1016/j.iot.2025.101566