IOSR-JAGG   Volume-12 ~ Issue-2 ~ Mar. – Apr. 2024

Abstract: Airborne radiometric data was used to define the targets of bitumen deposit in Agbabu area, southwestern, Nigeria. The aero-radiometric maps were processed using Oasis Montaj software to obtain grids of uranium (U), thorium (Th), potassium (K), ratio-grids and ternary (composite) images. The radioelement concentrations of potassium (K), thorium (Th), and uranium (U) varied spatially, with the highest values found in the basement complex (0.6–2.5%), 7.9–28.0 ppm, and (1.9–5.1 ppm), respectively, and the lowest concentrations in the sedimentary terrain (0.0–0.6%), (1.8–9.2 ppm), and (0.3–1.9 ppm), respectively. These findings were based on the interpretation of radiometric datasets. Around lithological borders and hidden linear features, the ternary picture exhibits moderately high radiometric intensity, while areas with bitumen deposit show very low radiometric intensity. From the result of the airborne survey, potential areas for bitumen deposit were denoted by low radiometric concentration.

Keywords: Agbabu; Radiometric; Potassium; Thorium; Uranium; Bitumen.

Abstract: Nine samples of fine grained clastic rocks which includes shales, fine sandstones, lignites siltstons and white clays were obtained from the outcropping unit of the Ogwashi-Asaba Formation in order to determine weathering, maturity and tectonic setting of the sediments. The results of the X-Ray Fluorescence analaysis (XRF) showed enrichment of major oxides like SiO2, Al2O3 and TiO2, while Na2O were depleted. The chemical index of Alteration (CIA), chemical index of weathering (CIW) and the plagioclase Index of Alteration (PA) showed averages of 91.84 (with a range of 77.8 – 98.46), 97.73 (94.40-99.56) and 96.83 (91.21-99.8) respectively. These values....

Keywords: Outcropping, Formation, Weathering, Maturity, tectonic setting, source rock

Abstract: The Geological Time Scale stands as an invaluable framework, unravelling the Earth's history from its primordial beginnings to the present day. This article probes into the historical evolution of the Geological Time Scale, exploring its foundations in stratigraphy, the basis of divisions, its role in documenting the evolution of life, and its significance in the context of world stratigraphy and global correlation as well as major events and spatiotemporal distribution of mineral resources. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the Geological Time Scale, illustrating its profound impact on our understanding of Earth's dynamic past.

Keywords: Geological Time scale, Stratigraphy, correlation, dynamic past, evolution,