Volume-8 ~ Issue-1 ~ January-2015

Abstract: Benzothiazole derivative have been synthesized by simple condensation of benzothiazole with chloroethylacetate and further treated with hydrazine hydrate to obtain hydrazino benzothiazole. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis IR, 1H- NMR spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy. The 1H- NMR spectroscopy indicated the formation of hydrazino compounds then the compounds were screened for their anti-inflammatory activity.

Keywords: Benzothiazole, Anti-inflammatory, etc

[1]. T. P. Dabhi, V.H.S., A.R. Parikh.,, , . Indian Drugs, 1992. 54: p. 98-154.11.
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Abstract: The newly synthesized Cyclopropyl /cyclohexyl /terahydro - 2H - pyran - 4 - yl / tetrahydro - 2H - thiopyran - 4 -yl / perfluorophenyl (6 - oxido -1- ((5 -5 - (5 -pyridine - 3 - yl) -1H-tetrazol - 1 - yl) -1,3,4 -thiadiazol - 2 - yl)methyl) - 4,8 - dihydro - 1H - [1,3,2]dioxaphosphepino[5,6 - c]pyrazol - 6 -yl)carbamates(7a-e) were obtained by condensation reaction of substituted dichlorophosphoryl carbamates (6a - e) and 1 - ((5 - (5 - (pyridine - 3 - y)l - 1H - tetrazol - 1 - yl) - 1,3,4 - thiadiazol- 2-yl)methyl) - 1H-pyrazole - 4,5 - diyl)dimethanol(5). The synthon (5) was prepaired by deprotection of 6,6 - dimethyl -1 - ((5 - (5 - (pyridine -3 - y)l - 1H- tetrazol - 1 - yl) -1,3,4 - thiadiazol - 2 - yl) methyl - 4,8-dihydro - 1H - [1,3]dioxepino[5,6 - c]pyrazole (4).Which in turn was obtained by treatment of 5 - (( 6,6 - dimethyl - 4,8-dihydro - 1H - [1, 3] dioxepino [5, 6 - c] pyrazol -1 -yl) methyl) - N - (pyridine - 3 - yl methylene) - 1, 3, 4 - thiadiazol - 2 - amine (3) with POCl3 on NaN3 / THF conditions under the temperature 100oC The synthon (3) was obtained by condensation reaction between nicotinaldehyde (2) and 5 - ((6, 6 - dimethyl - 4, 8 - dihydro - 1H - [1, 3]dioxepino [5, 6 - c] pyrazol - 1 - yl) methyl - 1, 3, 4 - thiadiazol -2 - amine (1). The products were characterized by spectral analysis (IR, 1H- NMR, 13C- NMR, 31P- NMR and elemental analysis). The newly synthesized compounds were subjected to various biological activities viz., antimicrobial.

Key Words: Antibacterial; Antifungal; deprotection; dichloro phosphoryl carbamates; Pyrazole.

[1]. P Tundo, CR McElory, F Arico, Syn Lett., 2010, 10, 1567-1571. (b) LR Morgan, RF Struck, WR Waud, Cancer Chemother.Pharmacol., 2009, 64, 829-835.
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Abstract: The innovative method for quantification of Isopentane in cosmetic products. This method was developed in gas chromatography by using capillary column and flame ionisation detection. This was an innovative method for specifically quantification of Isopentane. This method was validated as per ICH guidelines. This method was simple, specific, precise, linear, accurate, robust and ruggedness for analysis of Isopentane.

Keyword: Isopentane, Gas chromatography, Flame ionisation detetector, Cosmetic products.

[1]. Isopentane, Compound Summary, PubChem Compound, USA: National Center for Bio technology Information, 2004.
[2]. US5248495, United States patents, patent number: 5248495, Sep.28, 1993 .
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[4]. Iso-Pentane 99%, Material Safety Data Sheet, Haltermann Products, Article No. 205327, 2007.
[5]. Shimadzu, Analysis of Gasoline Using a GC-MS, Shimadzu Corporation, Application data sheet no.21, 2011.
[6]. Chih - Chung Chang, Chang-Feng OuYang, Chieh-Heng Wang, Sen-Wei Chiang, Jia-Lin Wang, Validation of in-situ measurements of volatile organic compounds through flask sampling and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis, Elsevier Ltd., Atmospheric Environment, 2009.

Abstract: An analytical reagent, pyridine-2, 6-dimethanol (PDM) is proposed for the direct spectrophotometric determination of nickel (II) ions. The proposed method is a rapid, selective, sensitive and very simple. The PDM reacts with Ni (II) ions forming green coloured soluble complex at room temperature. The maximum molar absorbance was at 390 nm at pH 4.5.The Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 0.01 to 60 μg /ml of Ni (II) ions. The molar absorptivity and the stability constant of the complex were 1.597x104 L mol-1cm-1 and 2.37x106 respectively. Several extractive parameters that considered for the complexation and extraction of Ni (II) ions such as pH, equilibrium time, effect of temperature, concentration of metal ions, effect of interfering ions, elution studies, electronic spectra, IR spectra, magnetic properties, molar conductance of the adsorbent matrix were studied.

[1]. A Praveen Kumar, P Raveendra Reddy & V Krishna Reddy, Indian Journal Chemistry,Vol.46A, (Oct. 2007), pp.1625-1629.
[2]. Dilek Polar, Ulku Dilek Uysal, A Ali Huseyinli, Adnan Menderes University, 4th Congress, (2004), Proceedings Book 016.DOC.
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[4]. B. Saritha and Prof. Sreenivasulu Reddy, IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry (IOSR JAC), Vol.7, Issue 1, Ver.1,(Apr.2014), pp.22-26.
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[7]. V. Srilalitha, A. Raghavendra Guru Prasad V. Seshagiri and L. K. Ravindranath, Analele Universiti din Bucharesti-Chimie, Vol.19, No.2 (2010), 69-76.

Abstract: Physicochemical parameters of Isu and Calabar rivers of Ebonyi State, Nigeria were evaluated and compared with known standard (WHO standard for drinking water). The result obtained showed; pH (6.5-6.8), turbidity (2.8-3.2 NTU), conductivity (120-160μs/cm), alkalinity (5.93-7.32 mg/l), TS (0.23-0.30mg/l), TDS (0.10-0.19 mg/l), TSS (0.09-0.13 mg/l), CI(0.14-0.18mg/l), SO4 (0.25-0.32 mg/l), Nitrate (0.288-0.440 mg/l), phosphate (0.033-0.227 mg/l), Pb (0-0. 40 mg/l), Cd (0-0.6mg/l), Cr(0-0.06 mg/l), Cu (0.10-1.60 mg/l) and As (0-0.04 mg/l) . Most of these measured parameters conforms to the WHO drinking standard while parameters like Pb with the value of 0.12mg/l, Cd at the upstream and downstream of Calabar river, As with value of 0.04mg/l for Isu river and 0.03mg/l for Calabar river, Turbidity of Isu river with values from 5.98 to 5.93mg/l, Cr with value 0.06mg/ at the downstream of Isu river, where all relatively above/higher that the WHO standard for drinking water.

Keywords: Isu, Calabar, rivers and physicochemical parameters.

[1]. Adefemi, S.O and Awokunmi, E.E. (2010): Determination of pysico-chemical Parameters and Heavy Metals in Water Samples from Itaogbolu Area of Ondo-State, Nigeria. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 4(3), Pp: 145-148.
[2]. Adeyemo, O.K; Adedokun,O.A; Yusuf, R.K and Adeleye, E.A.(2008): Seasonal Changes in Physico chemical Parameters and Nutrient Load of River Sediments in Ibadan city, Nigeria, Global NEST Journal, 10(3), Pp: 326-336.
[3]. APHA(1998): American public Health Association. Standard Method for the Examination of Water. 20th Edition. Washington D.CPp:86-98.
[4]. Arain, M.B.; Kazi, T.G. ; Jamali, M.K.; Afridi, H.I.; Baig, J.A.; Jabani, N. and Shah, A.Q. (2008): Evaluation of Physico-Chemical parameters of Manchar Lake Water and Their Comparison with Other Global Published Values, Pak. J . Anal. Environ.Chem., 9 (2), Pp: 101-109.
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[6]. Lawson, E.O. (2011), Physico- Chemical parameters and Heavy Metal Contents of Water from the Mangrove Swamps of Lagos Lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria, Advances in Biological Research, 5(1), Pp: 08-21.

Abstract: The residual quality of organophosphate pesticide residue on pumpkin farm at Abakaliki was found to contain the following organophosphate residue on analysis using gas chromatography after three days allowed for the spray. Sample A contains dioxabenzeofos 0.0168mg/kg and phenanthrene 0.0106mg/kg, Sample B contains chlorethoxyfos 0.01248mg/kg, oxydeprofos 0.00681 mg/kg, sulfotep 0.0295mg/kg, phenanthrene 0.0117 mg/kg and dioxabenzofos, 0.0164mg/kg. Sample C contains, chlonethoxy fos 0.00648mg, oxydeprofos 0.00713mg/kg, sulfotep 0.0595mg/kg, phenanthrene 0.02019mg/kg and dioxabenzofos 0.01178mg/kg. All the above residues are below 1 – 30mg/kg in the LD50 range for the most toxic oraganophosphate as classified.

Keywords: organophosphate, pesticide, LD50 and Abakaliki.

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Abstract: The corrosion inhibition efficiency of the acid extract of mirabilis jalapa flowers for the dissolution of mild steel in 1M HCl was studied at different concentrations of the extract, various immersion periods and at certain elevated temperatures. Data were fit into Langmuir and Temkin isotherms. Activation energy (Ea), Entropy change (ΔS), Enthalpy change (ΔH) and Heat of adsorption (Qads) were obtained from the Arrhenius plot. Nyquist and Bode plots were obtained to discuss the mode of inhibition and the inhibition efficiency was calculated from the electrochemical kinetic parameters.

Keywords: Mirabilis jalapa, polarization and impedance, corrosion inhibition

[1]. Saleh,R.M., Ismail,A.A., and El Hosary,A.A., "Corrosion inhibition by naturally – occurring substances: The effect of aqueous extracts of some leaves and fruit peels on the corrosion of steel, Al, Zn and Cu in acids", British Corrosion Journal, 17(3), 1982,131-135.
[2]. Lotto,C.A., and Mohammed,A.I., "The effect of cashew juice extract on corrosion inhibition of mild steel in HCl", Corrosion Prevention and Control, June, 2000, 50-56.
[3]. Sethuraman,M.G., Vadivel,P., and Vinod Kumar,K.P., " Tea wastes as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acid medium", Journal of Electrochemical Society of India, 50(3), 2001, 143-146.
[4]. Oguzie,E.E., "Inhibition of acid corrosion of mild steel by Telfaria occidentalis", Pigment and Resin Technology, 34(6), 2005, 321-326.
[5]. Yan Li, Peng Zhao, Qiang Liang and Baorong Hou, "Berberine as a natural source inhibitor for mild steel in 1M H2SO4", Applied Surface Science, 252(5), 2005, 1245-1253.

Abstract: Different strategies were applied to prepare supported Mn(salen) on fumed silica and to explore the effect of the interaction nature between the active sites and the surface on the catalytic activity. Direct and multistep grafting methods were used: the silica surface was silylated and the metal complex was modified in order to achieve different metal complex/surface interactions. In the speculated strategy, the covalent binding was provided through a cross linker. The resulting systems were characterized by IR in diffuse reflexion mode (DRIFT), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and chemical analysis. Then, homogenous and heterogeneous catalysts were used for cyclohexene oxidation with tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). Results show that organo-metalic complexes are not totally stable during the immobilization procedure when the surface is previously functionalized. The heterogeneous catalyst efficiency is more dependent on the preparation way rather than on the amount of manganese at the surface. The tested solids showed the absence of important leaching phenomena, regardless of the interaction nature between the active sites and the surface.

Keywords: crosslinker, grafting, interaction, Mn(salen), oxidation.

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Abstract: Pseudo-Source rocks are those naturally occurring rocks which appear to be good source rock by conventional analysis but actually these rocks do not contribute hydrocarbon in the basin. A pseudo-source rock contain appreciable TOC, show high generation potential during pyrolysis, kerogen in the rock may also show high maturity but it will not generate hydrocarbon if the rock maturity is less than the kerogen maturity. This is possible when a matured kerogen is incorporated in the sediments during deposition. For example, when a matured coal is weathered and deposited with fresh sediments, or if sediments are deposited through a seeped oil column whereby appreciable amounts of asphaltenes and resins are incorporated in the sediments. In this work attempt has been made to test pseudo-source rock characters using a synthetic rock prepared by depositing clays through an oil column. This synthetic rock is then thoroughly tested for source potential evaluation. Results indicate good source potential and perfect oil source correlations using GC and GCMS results although the rock is not matured to generate hydrocarbons.

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Abstract: Some new of 3,5-diaryl-4-benzoyl-1-pyridoyl-Δ2- pyrazolines have been synthesis by the action of isoniazid on 3-aroyl flavanones in pyridine medium. In this synthesis p-cresol and m-cresol are used as starting material. Isoniazid is use as anti tuberculosis drug. Structures of this compound have been established by spectral and elemental analysis.

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Abstract: Fatliquor affects the physical properties of the leather and makes more flexible and softer. Fatliquor prepared from karanja seed oil by sulphation process followed by addition of sodium hydroxide to maintain pH at 5.0 with conc. sulphuric acid. FT-IR analysis of the sulphated product confirmed the attachment of sulphonic acid group. The physical and chemical properties of the fatliquor were found satisfactory. The prepared fatliquor was applied for the processing of goat skins. The processed goat skins physical and chemical properties compared with the skins processed by fatliquor made from castor oil and all the remaining leather processing chemicals same in both processing. Goat skins processed by these two types of fatliquor found standard leather specification. So fatliqour prepared from karanja seed oil extracted by soxlet extraction method considered as a substitute imported fatliqour.

Keywords: Fatliquor, FT-IR, Strength properties, organo leptic properties, sulphation, Karanja seed oil.

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Abstract: Ultrasonic velocities of binary liquid mixtures of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate with decane-1-ol have been measured at 303.15 and 313.15 K and at atmospheric pressure. Experimentally measured ultrasonic velocities were correlated using Jouyban-Acree model. Deviations in isentropic compressibility were calculated using ultrasonic velocity and have been fitted to Redlich-Kister polynomial equation. Ultrasonic velocities were also calculated theoretically using Nomoto, Van Dael (VAN), free length theory (FLT) and collision factor theory (CFT).Different derived thermodynamic parameters like excess specific acoustic impendence, excess available volume, excess intrinsic pressure andmolar sound velocity were also calculated. Graphical representations of these excess derived thermodynamic parameters used to explain typeand extent of intermolecular interactions in these binary systems. Ultrasonic velocity measurement of liquid mixtures of non electrolytes provides an excellent tool to investigate inter and intramolecular interactions between like and unlike molecules. This study is a powerful means of characterizing various aspects of physicochemical behaviors of liquid mixtures and molecular interactions.

Keywords: Decane-1-ol, Free Length Theory, JouybanAcree Model, Ultrasonic Velocity, Van Dael.

[1]. A. R. Mahajan, S. R. Mirgane and S. B. Deshmukh, Speed of ultrasound and thermodynamic properties of n-tetradecane in binary liquid mixtures at 298.15 K, International Journal of Research in Physical Chemistry, 4, 2007, 345.
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Abstract: This study investigates the intricate quantum effects observed in nanoscale material analysis through advanced spectroscopic techniques. With the miniaturization of materials to the nanoscale, quantum phenomena such as quantum confinement and electron tunneling become significantly pronounced, influencing the optical, electrical, and chemical properties of materials. By employing a combination of Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and absorption spectroscopy, this research aims to elucidate the relationship between quantum effects and the spectroscopic signatures of various nanomaterials. The methodology encompasses a systematic analysis of nanomaterials.....

Keywords: Quantum Effects, Nanoscale Materials, Spectroscopy Techniques, Raman Spectroscopy and Photoluminescence.

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