Volume-16 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2023

Abstract: Toxic metal pollution has been one of the most serious environmental challenges to both humans and other living species. The effect of these toxic metals cause both short and long term on human because they lower the energy levels and damage the functioning of the brain, lungs, kidney, liver, blood composition and other important organs as they have no biological role and are non-biodegradable. The aim of this study is to assess the levels of heavy metals such as Fe, Zn, Pb, Ni and Cdpresentin Aboruriver and Ipaja river and compare them to the World Health Organization permissible limits. Digestion method was used for the contaminated river water. Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) technique was employed in the analysis of the trace and toxic heavy metals. The results showedthat, of all the metals, except Fe was found to have the highest concentration in ppm while Cd was found to have the least in the order Fe > Zn >Pb> Ni>Cd at the pH of 4.58 while for Aboru 4.173 > 2.293 > 0.041.....

Keywords. River, Metal-pollution, heavy metals, physicochemical parametersDigestion, AAS

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Abstract: Evidentiary blood and urine samples is preserved by adding Sodium fluoride (NaF) because NaF inhibits microbial growth and prevent production of, and/or metabolism of ethanol in evidentiary samples between the time of their collection and testing in the laboratory. Addition of NaF may also have adverse effects on the accuracy of measurement and interpretation of ethanol concentrations because NaF is known to cause salting-out of ethanol from blood and aqueous solutions. Presence of high concentrations of NaF in evidentiary blood and urine samples is common because the containers used for sample collection contain a fixed amount of NaF and small sample volumes are.....

Keywords. Ethanol, Salting out, Sodium fluoride (NaF), Headspace Gas Chromatography and Urine

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Abstract: A new Mn(II) complex prepared by the reaction of NN'-15-bis (pyridylmethylidene) carbonohydrazone (H2L) with Mn(II) ion is reported in this paper. The H2L ligand is structurally characterized by elemental analysis NMR and infrared spectroscopies. The mononuclear complex [Mn(H2L)2(H2O)2]·(ClO4)2·3(H2O) is characterized by infrared spectroscopy conductance and magnetic room temperature measurements and single X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in the.....

Keywords. Schiff base ; Carbonohydrazide ; Manganese ; X-ray diffraction ; Complex ; mononuclear

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Abstract: In Kenya, the cost of ceramic floor tiles has been increasing due to rapid population growth and urbanization. As a result, there has been significant research into developing affordable composite tiles made from plastics and sand to address this issue. Plastics, particularly PET, causes environmental pollution because they are non-biodegradable and versatile. This study created a stain-resistant and flame-retardant floor tile composite using sand and PET plastic bottle waste as a binder to address this issue. The sand was collected from Ndondo, Isiolo County, while the PET plastic bottle waste was collected from the Nyeri County dump site in Kenya. The composite tile was formulated by varying the amount of sand and keeping the weight of PET plastic bottle waste constant. ZnO was added to the.....

Keywords. Composite tile, PET, characterization, formulation, waste, cross-linking, flame retardation and viscoelasticity.

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Abstract: In this study we are interested in the extracts of non-delipidated seeds of Datura which are not widely studied. This study aims to optimize the extraction conditions in aqueous medium of polyphenols and to compare the extraction rates in organic solvents at room temperature with that of water at the optimal extraction temperature. We show that the temperature, extraction time and water-to-leaf ratio had significant effects on the yield of extracted polyphenols as well as scavenging and total antioxidant activities. The optimal extraction conditions were 80◦C for 40 min, with a non-delipidated seed/water ratio of 1:100 g/mL. Higher levels of polyphenols and flavonoids were extracted.....

Keywords. Datura stramonium, Seed, Polyphenols, Flavonoids, DPPH•, CUPRAC.

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Abstract: Numerical and computational tools for parameter estimation and model separation in complex dynamic models are briefly explained. Kinetic modeling is the study of the rates of chemical reactions; If changes in conditions affect the rate of the reaction, we can better understand what is causing the reaction. In this research, we learn to understand complex data and analytical techniques to measure and understand these changes. We examine the history of the laws of kinetic velocity, emerging tools, concepts, and topics of interest to chemists, materials scientists, chemists and veterinarians. A simple biochemical approach can be reduced to the basic chemical reaction that can be explained.....

Keywords. kinetic parametric estimation; catalytic complex reactions; pyrolysis; thermograms.

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Abstract: A simple, rapid, precise, sensitive and reproducible reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been developed for the quantitative analysis of Netarsudil Mesylatein pharmaceutical dosage form. Chromatographic separation of Netarsudil Mesylate was achieved on Waters Alliance-e2695, by using Symmetry Shield RP18 (4.6×150mm,305μ) column and the mobile phase containing 0.1% FORMIC ACID& ACN in the ratio of 40:60% v/v. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min; detection was carried out by absorption at 257nm using a photodiode array detector at ambient temperature. The number of theoretical plates and tailing factor for Netarsudil Mesylate were....

Keywords. RP-HPLC, Netarsudil Mesylate, Relative standard deviation

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Abstract: The genus Conyza (Asteraceae) comprises about 50 species and found in the tropical and warm regions. Extracts from Conyza species have numerous pharmacological applications. The aim of this study was review the chemical composition and biological activity of Conyza species. Extracts from the plants have antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antiplasmodial, analgesic, antiviral, allelopathic and insecticidal activities. The constituents of essential oils from Conyza species include limonene and β-farnesene, were caryophyllene, spathulenol, β-ocimene, lachnophyllum ester, matricaria ester, germacrene D, α-bergamotene, caryophyllene oxide, pinene, bicyclogermacrene.......

Keywords. Conyza species; Bioloactivity; Chemical composition; Essential oils

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