IOSR-JHSS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-12 ~ December. 2019

Abstract: The paper is an attempt to compile and review the existing literature on the Constitutional provisions for empowerment of women. Some of the very important and landmark judicial announcements by the apex court of the country for upholding the rights of women as enshrined in the Constitution of India have been referred to. Special enactments by the State for empowerment of women have also been mentioned.

Keywords: Constitution, Equality, Civil Code

[1]. Air India - v - NargeshMeerza( AIR 1981 SCC )
[2]. C.B. Muthamma - v - Union of India (AIR 1979 SCC)
[3]. J.N.Pandey, Constitutional Law of India, 54 th ed., 2017, Central Law Agency
[4]. K. D. Gaur, Indian Penal Code, 6 thed, 2018, Lexis Nexis
[5]. Randhir Singh -v- Union of India (AIR 1982 SCC)

Abstract: India is the front-runner in film production. Indian Bollywood cinema has produced more than 28,000 feature films and thousands of documentaries so far. Bollywood cinema is very popular in the sub-continent and has an almost equal rate of viewership in Pakistan as they have in India. This paper investigates the portrayal of Muslims men and women in Bollywood cinema. For the survey purpose, a sample size of (100) students has been taken through simple random sampling. In which (28%) students from Muslim Community, male (24%), Female (4%) and (72%) from Non-Muslims, male (41%), female (31%) whereas the total number of male is (65%) and total number of female is (35%) from the ___University have been selected as population. The study of the result shows that there is a tendency in various films that portray the negative image of Muslims and showing them as terrorists or underworld dons. Meanwhile, terrorism is the most commonly used subject in the number of films....

Keywords:Indian Cinema, Stereotyping, Portrayal,Muslim Community.

[1]. Islam, Maidul. " Imagining Indian Muslims: Looking Through the Lens of Bollywood Cinema ", Indian Journal of Human Development, Vol.1, No. 2, July-December, (2007): 403-422.
[2]. Venkataraghavan, Manjula. "Portrayal of the Muslim Community and Islam by Indian cinema Post 9/11-An Analysis." Journal of Media Studies (2015).
[3]. Ali, Shahzad, Sidra Chaudhry, and A. B. Faridi. "Portrayal of Muslims Characters in the Indian Movies." Pakistan Journal of History and Culture, 33.1 (2012).
[4]. Khan, Muhammad Ashraf and SyedaZuriaBokhari. "Portrayal of Muslims in Indian Cinema: A Content Analysis of Movies during." (2002-8) Pakistan Journal ofIslamic Research8 (2011): 1-15.

Abstract: There are many tools and strategies devised for language classroom where the teachers are the facilitators. Over the past few years, it has been observed that a substantial amount of Bangladeshi people use smartphones and mobile applications, for educational and entertainment purposes. Learners who are motivated to develop their language proficiency outside the classroom context, mobile apps can be a useful tool in this in a gadget-centered era. Considering this, this paper is going to explore the relationship between the knowledge and use of Mobile applications among the Bangladeshi undergraduates to improve their English language skills, particularly outside the classroom. To explore this in detail, a focused group of undergraduate students were chosen randomly. Through the responses to some specific open-ended questions by the participants, the researchers discovered that mobile apps are certainly functional for self- motivated students to fulfill their language needs..

Keywords: Smartphones, English Language Learning, Mobile Applications, Motivation

[1]. Ababneh, S. (2017). Using Mobile Phones in Learning English: The Case of Jordan. Journal of Education and Human Development, 6(4), 120-128. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.15640/jehd.v6n4a14
[2]. Ashikuzzaman, & Siddequa, M. S. (2018). The Impact of Mobile Applications on Developing English Language Skills of Tertiary Level Bangladeshi Students. IDEAS (3rd Issue).
[3]. Chang, C.-K., & Hsu, C.-K. (2011). A mobile-assisted synchronously collaborative translation– annotation system for English as a foreign language (EFL) reading comprehension. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 24(2), 155-180. doi:10.1080/09588221.2010.536952 [4]. Chinnery G. (2006) "Going to the MALL: Mobile Assisted Language Learning", Language Learning & Technology 10, 1: 9-16, Retrieved from: http://llt.msu.edu/vol10num1/emerging/default.htm
[5]. Dang, H, Tri. (2013). Towards the Use of Mobile Phones for Learning English as a Foreign Language: Hesitation or Welcome? Language in India. 13(10).

Abstract: The emergence and spread of Islamic banks in most parts of the world and its international and daily dealings with the international financial institutions created disputes and conflicts between Islamic banks that are governed by the Shari‟ah in all their dealings, and between traditional institutions that are governed by the regulations and laws that are contrary to Islamic law. Thus, there is a need for a way of settling these disputes, such as litigation, suit, and the consequence of that requires the presence of the litigant parties, and advocacy at the judiciary, and the requirement of evidence and witness and litigation cost etc. The question is what is the possibility of implementing the judicial ruling and compelling the party at fault of implementing the ruling? The aim of this study is to explain the Shari‟ah ruling in issues relating to financial conflicts and how to resolve the dispute between them and strengthen the role of Islamic jurisprudence in the lives of contemporary people and its ability to deal with....

Key word: Alternative, Settlement, Disputes, Islamic banks

[1]. Al-Adawi. Ali bin Ahmad bin Makram. No date. Hashiyat al-Adawi ala al-Kharshi. Damascus: Dar Sadir.
[2]. Al-Baji. Sulaiman Ibn Khalaf. No date. Al-MuntaqaSharh al-Muwatta. Beirut: dar al-Kitab al-Islami.
[3]. Al-Buhairi. Izzat. 2008. Law applicable to electronic transactions. Abu Dhabi: United Arab Emirates University.
[4]. Asqalani. Ahmad bin Ali bin Hajar. No date. Reviewed: Muhib ad-Din. Fath al-Bari Sharh Sahih al-Bukhari. Beirut: Dar al-Ma‟arifah.
[5]. Baghdadi. Ismail Basha. 1955. Hadiyyat al-Arifin Asma‟ulMu‟allifinwa al-Musannifin. Beirut: ManshuratMaktabah al-Muthanna

Abstract: The main purpose of this study was to examine effectiveness of the management of school based teachers continuous professional development in secondary schools of Bale Zone. To address this purpose a descriptive survey design which supplemented by mixed method was employed. Accordingly, samples of seven secondary schools found in six woredas/districts were selected by using simple random sampling techniques. Further, 100 sample secondary school teachers were selected by simple random sampling techniques from the seven secondary schools proportionally. 7 school principals, 7 school vice principals, 7 continuous professional development coordinators in the sample secondary schools and 6 supervisors (one each from every Woreda Education Office) were selected by availability....

Keywords: Teachers Professional Development, Management, Planning

[1]. Belay, L. (2011). The Practice and Challenges of School Based CPD in Secondary Schools of Metekel Zone, Unpublished MA Thesis. Metekel.
[2]. Craft, A. (2000). Continuing Professional Development: A practical Guide for Teacher and Schools. (2nd ed.). London: Routledge Falmer.
[3]. Desalegn, C. (2010). Continuous Teachers Professional Development: The Ethiopian Context. Addis Ababa: AAU.
[4]. MoE. (2010). Continuous Professional Developent for Primary and Secondary Teachers, Principals and Supervisors in Ethiopia: The Framework. Addis Ababa.
[5]. Friedman, A. Davis,K. Phillips,M. (2000). Continuing Professional Development in the UK: Policies and programs. Bristol: PARN.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine existing challenges of shared leadership practice in Public Preparatory Secondary Schools of Hawassa City Administration. Thus, a descriptive survey research design that followed a mixed research method was employed. Among 7 preparatory schools of the City Administration, 5 schools were selected by simple random sampling technique. Relevant data were gathered from 79 (79.52%) teachers of the total 101 secondary school teacher study population selected by Simple random sampling techniques through closed-ended questionnaires. Then, data were analyzed using descriptive statistics like mean and standard deviation score. Consequently, it is found out the major challenges towards an effective shared schools leadership practices were mainly developed from school principals less autonomy, commitment, communication, experience and skills. Moreover, lack of training, regular support, resistance from stakeholders, unavailability of educational resources.....

Key Words: Shared Leadership, Challenges, Public Preparatory Secondary Schools

[1]. Bolden, R., Petrov, G. and Gosling, J. 2008.DevelopingCollectiveLeadership Higher Education: Final Report for theLeadership Foundation for Higher Education,London:LFHE.
[2]. Bulanle, A. 2013.PrincipalsLeadershipSkills and SchoolEffectiveness: TheCaseofSouthWestern Nigeria.WorldJournalofEducation.Vol,3No.5;p 27.
[3]. Danielson, C. 2006. Teacher Leadership That Strengthens Professional Practices. Alexandria,
[4]. Gorton, A, 1983.School Administration and Supervision: Leadership Challenges and
[5]. Harris,A. 2004.Shared leadershipandschoolimprovement.Dordrecht: Springer

Abstract: The main purpose of this study was to examine the challenges towards effectiveness of instructional leadership practice in secondary schools of South West Shoa Zone,Oromia Region. To this end, the study employed descriptive survey design whereby both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used in the study. The study involved 212 teachers and 30 principals (both main and vice principals), 7 secondary school supervisors and 7 Woreda/district education office heads as the subjects of the study using simple random sampling and availability sampling respectively. The data were collected through questionnaire, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis. The data obtained through closed ended questionnaires were analyzed through frequencies, percentages, mean and t-test, whereas those collected through open- ended questionnaires, interviews, and document......

Keywords: Instructional Leadership, Effectiveness, Challenge, Secondary School

[1]. Blasé, J. and Blasé, J. (1999).Principals' Instructional Leadership and Teacher Development: Teacher perspective. Educational Administration Quarterly, 35(3), 349-378.
[2]. Kothari (2004).Research Methodology, Methods and Techniques. New Delhi:New Age International publisher.
[3]. Cohen,L., Manion,L. & Morrison, K. (2002). Research Methods in Education (5thed.). London and Newyork: RoutledgeFanmer.
[4]. Cresswell.JW.(2009).Educational Research Planning and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative research(4th .ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ:Merrill.
[5]. Elmore, R.(2000). Building a new structure for a school leadership. Washington DC: The Albert Shanker Institute.

Abstract: Uqubah or punishment is a form of retaliation for someone for his/her actions in violation of the provisions of syara‟ (sharia),which Allah and His Messenger have decreed for the benefit of humans. Jarimahkhalwat, was regulated in Aceh Qanun, Number 6, theYear 2014, concerning Jinayat (Indecency) Law. Article 23 of the Aceh JinayatLawQanun, stipulated that the "uqubah of khalwatjarīmah is ta'zīr(discretionary punishment), in the form of ten lashes, or a fine of 100 grams of pure gold or a maximum of ten months in prison. The "Uqubah (punishment) is too light. This argument is based on the stipulation that the khalwatjarīmah is classified in three forms of jarīmahta'zīr, the type of violating the rights of God, as a form of immorality, and a violation that have been affirmed in the.....

Keywords: 'Uqubah, JarīmahKhalwat, The QanunJinayat law, Aceh.

[1]. Abdul Aziz Dahlan, EnsiklopediHukum Islam, Jakarta: IchtiarBaru van Hoeve, 2005
[2]. Abdul Aziz Mabruk al-Ahmadi, FikihMuyassar, (terj: Izzudin Karimi), Cet. 3, Jakarta: DarulHaq, 2016[3]. Abdurrahman Al-Jaziry, Al-Fiqhu "Ala MazahibilAr-Ba‟ah, Juzu‟ IV, Maktabah At-Tijariyah Al-Kubra, Mesir,
[4]. Abdus Sami‟ Ahmad Imam, PengantarStudiPerbandinganMazhab, (terj: Yasir Maqosid), Jakarta: Pustaka al-Kautsar, 2016
[5]. Abī Bakr al-Qurṭubī, al-Jāmi‟ al-Aḥkām al-Qur‟ān, Juz 15, Bairut: Mu‟assasah al-Risalah, 2006

Abstract: Transgender people have an internal experience of gender identity which is different from most people of our society. They are deprived from their happiness of life and rights because of the society‟s lack of consciousness, lack of mental support as well as some expectation of their own family, less interested Government and their development board towards the poor or middle class people of this community. A kothi or koti, are a heterogeneous group who are biologically male in the culture of the Indian subcontinent. Kothi(s) show various degrees of being effeminate and often with a desire to be the penetrated member in sexual intercourse. The present study is an attempt to look for the present scenario of urban transgender (kothi) people who faced many problems in their life. The problems impact on their social life as well as their mental health. It was also tried to find the involvement of Government.....

Keywords: Urban kothi, gender identity, narratives, government, development, society

[1]. Bruce, V.1967. "The Expression of Femininity in the Male." Journal of Sex Research, vol-3, pp-129–139.
[2]. Clements, K, Kitano Kerrily, Wilkinson Willy, and Marx Rani. 1999. "HIV Prevention and Health Service Needs of the Transgender Community in San Francisco." The International Journal of Transgenderism, vol-3, pp- 2–17.
[3]. Dey, S. 2013. Being a "Kothi‟: An Ethnographic Interrogation with a male Transgender in Kolkata, Journal of Humanities and Social Science, vol-11, pp- 51-62.
[4]. Factor R. and Rothblum Esther. 2008. "Exploring Gender Identity and Community Among Three Groups of Transgender Individuals in the United States: FTMs, MTFs, and Gender Queers." Health Sociology Review, vol- 17, pp- 235–253.
[5]. Hotchandani, R. K.2017.Problems of Transgender in India: A Study from Social Exclusion to Social Inclusion, International Research Journal of Human Resources and Social Sciences, vol-4, pp-73-80..

Abstract: The changing structure of world investment, trade, and capital stream has been the rush of the most recent thirty years. Globalization has modified the economic structures of both created and agricultural countries in manners that are hard to appreciate. The constant ascent in the scattering of current record adjusts of the world in general, wherein the amount of overflows coordinate the amount of deficiencies has developed generously since the World War II. Likewise the rise of unregulated global markets seems to have moved towards a more steady and growth situated economic globe. Economies have been hit in a steady progression with the design and requirement for market driven capitalist and changed economic framework has been the encouraging need. The current paper highlights the FDI structure in India.

KEYWORDS: FDI, Investment, Globalization and Economic Growth

[1]. Aman Agarwal, Yamini Agarwal, Saurabh Agarwal. January 2016. Keynote Guest Address on The Changing Structure of World Investment, Trade, Capital Flows and its impact on Global Integration and Regional Cooperation.
[2]. Amitendu Palit, ShounkieNawani, Technological Capability as a Determinant of FDI Inflows: Evidencefrom Developing Asia & India, April 2017, Working Paper No. 193, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations.
[3]. Fact Sheet on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) From August 1991 to August 2010, Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion Ministry of Commerce and Industry, New Delhi. database ( 2010.pdf).
[4]. Ramkishen S. Rajan, Rongala Sunil and Ramya Ghosh, Attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to India, (April 2008)
[5]. Singh Kulwindar, 2015, "Foreign Direct Investment in India: A Critical Analysis of FDI", New Delhi, Centre for Civil Society..

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Abstract: E-Commerce is accepting one of the fundamental parts in business choices and facilitates to explore from now into the foreseeable future. E-commerce is concerning the change in perspective in the business world for exchanging. Forecast of E-commerce is showing extraordinary prospects in business development of Indian economy. The customer base of online shopping is augmented by using internet of things and mobile phone applications. Consequently the Indian e-commerce business has seen exciting development in since from few years. It pondering India's demographic payment systems and increasing internet accessibility, the E-commerce business is growing up to greater heights. However, India's overall retail opportunity is fundamental; the online business is plagued for certain essential challenges. Hence, in attending current review has been carried determined to depict the present condition and the future prospective of e-commerce business in India. It facilitates to analyze the present trends, explore the challenges and opportunities of e-commerce business in India.

KEYWORDS: E-commerce, Economy, customer, online, shopping

[1]. Á. Valarezo, T. Pérez-Amaral, T. Garín-Muñoz, I. Herguera García, and R. López, "Drivers and barriers to cross-border e-commerce: Evidence from Spanish individual behavior," Telecomm. Policy, no. December 2017, pp. 1–10, 2018.
[2]. Chaithralaxmi.T and Shruthi. N, "E-Commerce in India – Opportunities and Challenges," Int. J. Latest Trends Eng. Technol., no. special issue, pp. 505–510, 2016.
[3]. D. P. Devaraju, "The Challenges and Opportunities of E-Commerce in India: Future Prospective," Int. J. Eng. Comput. Sci., vol. 5, no. 11, pp. 19065–19069, 2016.
[4]. E. H. Kaur and D. Kaur, "E-Commerce in India – Challenges and Prospects Abstract :," Int. J. Eng. Tech., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 36–40, 2015.
[5]. M. N. I. Sarker, "Role of Banks on Agricultural Development in Bangladesh," Int. J. Ecol. Dev. Res., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 10–15, 2016