iosr-JECE   Volume-9 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-June 2014

Abstract: Traditional meter reading for electricity consumption and billing is done by human operator from houses to houses and building to building. This requires huge number of labor operators and long working hour to achieve complete area data reading and billing. Human operator billing or prone to reading error as sometime the houses electric power meter is place in a location where it is not easily accessible. The concept is to reduce the time delay .Hence it need not wait for the slack time of other previously task .The power management system is consists of Zigbee Digital Power meters installed in every consumer unit and an Electricity e-Billing system at the energy provider side. The Zigbee Digital Power meter (ZPM) is a single phase digital kWh power meter with embedded Zigbee modem which utilize the Wireless sensor network to send its power usage reading using information back to the energy provider wirelessly.

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[5]. Bo Chen, Mingguang Wu, Shuai Yao, and Ni Binbin,2009 IEEE." ZigBee Technology And Its Application On Wireless Meter Reading System".

Abstract: A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of a large number of wireless sensor nodes. Since wireless sensor nodes are battery powered devices, they have limited processing and transmission power. In order to transmit sensing data to receiver effectively, it is important to design a routing protocol for WSNs. Since energy conservation is a key issue in WSNs, data aggregation should be exploited in order to save energy. In this case, redundant data can be aggregated at intermediate nodes reducing the size and number of exchanged messages and, thus, decreasing communication costs and energy consumption. This paper propose an Enhanced Forward Aware Factor-Energy Balanced Routing Method (EFAF-EBRM) based on Data aggregation technique that has some key aspects such as a reduced number of messages for setting up a routing tree, maximized number of overlapping routes, high aggregation rate, and reliable data aggregation and transmission.. In the experiments, proposed method is compared with FAF-EBRM and LEACH. Experimental results show that proposed method outperforms FAF-EBRM and LEACH, which balances the energy consumption, prolongs the network function lifetime and provides the best aggregation quality .
Keywords: forward aware factor(FAF), Energy balance, Routing, Wireless sensor networks(WSNs).

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Abstract: Medicines have helped to make our lives easy. Drug industry is developing industry in terms of
production as well as consumption. Medication has become very important in everyone's life as we are affected
by so many diseases. But these medicines might be defected, tablets may be broken, there may be missing tablet
in a strip and consumption of these drugs might be dangerous. This paper shows a method in digital image
processing technique to find the defects in tablets. In this paper we use mathematical manipulation, to detect the
defected tablet packet.
Keywords: Digital Image Processing, Morphology opening, Preprocessing.

[1] Abha Sharma1,SugandhaArora " Inspection and Classification of Defects in Pharmaceutical Capsules Using Neural Network"
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development ISSN: 2278-067X, Volume 1, Issue 10 (June 2012), PP.41-45
[2] ŞtefanOprea, IoanLiţă, Mariana Jurianu, Daniel AlexandruVişan, Ion BogdanCioc, "Digital Image Processing Applied in Drugs
Industry for Detection of Broken Aspirin Tablets" Electronics, Communications and Computers Department, University of Pitesti
Str.Targul din Vale Nr. 1 Pitesti, Romania,2008
[3] F Anthony C.karleff, Neil E.Scott& Robert Muscedure, Flexible Design for a cost effective,high throughput Inspection system for
pharmaceutical capsules. IEEE, 2008
[4] Dong-Su Kim, Wang-Heon Lee , In-So Kweon, "Automatic edge detection using 3x3 ideal binary pixel patterns and fuzzy-based
edge thresholding," in Pattern Recognition Letters in 2004
[5] El-Khamy,S.E., Lotfy,M., El-Yamany,N.A.,"A Modified Fuzzy Sobel Edge Detector",17. National Radio Science Conference,
Feb.22-24 2000, Minufiya University, Egypt