iosr-JECE   Volume-21 ~ Issue-4 ~ Jul. - Aug. 2026

Abstract:Résumé Cet article étudie la faisabilité technique, mathématique et économique du déploiement de la téléphonie fixe sur la boucle locale électrique via la technologie Courant Porteur en Ligne (CPL) Outdoor. Le système proposé exploite le réseau électrique basse tension comme support d’accès dernier kilomètre, interconnecté à une dorsale en fibre optique de type GPON. Une modélisation multi-niveau est proposée intégrant l’accès MAC basé sur IEEE 1901 avec backoff + deferral + priorités, et la théorie de file M/G/1 à priorité stricte. Une expression fermée du.....

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Abstract: Indoor positioning has become a critical component of smart environments, particularly in healthcare, education, and industrial automation. Visible Light Communication (VLC) offers a promising alternative to RF-based systems due to its high accuracy and immunity to electromagnetic interference [1], [2]. While early surveys established the foundations of VLC positioning [3], subsequent works demonstrated the potential of neural networks.....

Keywords: Indoor positioning, Visible Light Communication (VLC), Received Signal Strength (RSS), Neural networks, CNN-RNN modeling, Localization accuracy, IOT integration

[1] H. Elgala, R. Mesleh, And H. Haas, “Indoor Optical Wireless Communication: Potential And State-Of-The-Art,” Ieee Communications Magazine, Vol. 49, No. 9, Pp. 56–62, 2011.
[2] Y. Zhuang, J. Hua, And L. Qi, “A Survey Of Positioning Systems Using Visible Light Communication,” Ieee Communications Surveys & Tutorials, Vol. 20, No. 3, Pp. 1963–1988, 2018.
[3] S. Rajagopal, R. Roberts, And S. Lim, “Ieee 802.15.7 Visible Light Communication: Modulation Schemes And Dimming Support,” Ieee Communications Magazine, Vol. 50, No. 3, Pp. 72–82, 2012.
[4] D. Wu, H. Wang, And C. Xu, “Neural Network-Based Indoor Localization Using Visible Light Communication,” Sensors, Vol. 20, No. 6, Pp. 1705–1718, 2020.
[5] M. Yasir, H. Hoang, And X. N. Fernando, “Indoor Positioning System Using Visible Light And Neural Networks,” Ieee Access, Vol. 7, Pp. 142–151, 2019.

Abstract: Indoor localization using visible light has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional wireless positioning systems due to its high accuracy and immunity to electromagnetic interference. However, the performance of machine learning models such as the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) is highly dependent on the initialization of hidden layer weights, which often leads to unstable results and limited accuracy. In this study.....

Keywords: Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA), Visible Light Communication (VLC), Indoor Localization, Optimization, Mean Squared Error (MSE

[1] G.-B. Huang, Q.-Y. Zhu, And C.-K. Siew, “Extreme Learning Machine: Theory And Applications,” Neurocomputing, Vol. 70, No. 1–3, Pp. 489–501, Dec. 2006.
[2] X. Xue And J. Shen, “Sparrow Search Algorithm: A Novel Swarm Intelligence Optimization Approach,” Mathematics, Vol. 8, No. 4, Pp. 1–20, 2020.
[3] H. Liu, H. Darabi, P. Banerjee, And J. Liu, “Survey Of Wireless Indoor Positioning Techniques And Systems,” Ieee Transactions On Systems, Man, And Cybernetics, Part C (Applications And Reviews), Vol. 37, No. 6, Pp. 1067–1080, Nov. 2007.
[4] Z. Yang, Z. Zhou, And Y. Liu, “From Rssi To Csi: Indoor Localization Via Channel Response,” Acm Computing Surveys, Vol. 46, No. 2, Pp. 1–32, Nov. 2013.
[5] S. Haykin, Neural Networks And Learning Machines, 3rd Ed. Upper Saddle River, Nj: Pearson, 2009

Abstract: Recent advances in electric vehicle (EV) propulsion have triggered a growing interest in developing efficient, reliable, and controlled electric drives. Brushless DC (BLDC) motors are gaining increasing importance in the field of EVs due to their high efficiency, compact design, high torque, and low maintenance. At the same time, the development of advanced control strategies capable of handling the challenging requirements, including speed, torque....

Keywords: Brushless DC motors, electric vehicle, motor control, sensorless control, artificial intelligence, torque ripple reduction, model predictive control

[1]. R. Krishnan, Permanent Magnet Synchronous And Brushless Dc Motor Drives. Boca Raton, Fl, Usa: Crc Press, 2010.
[2]. C. L. Xia, Permanent Magnet Brushless Dc Motor Drives And Controls. Hoboken, Nj, Usa: Wiley, 2012.
[3]. J. F. Gieras And M. Wing, Permanent Magnet Motor Technology: Design And Applications, 3rd Ed. Boca Raton, Fl, Usa: Crc Press, 2010.
[4]. M. Ehsani, Y. Gao, S. E. Gay, And A. Emadi, Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric, And Fuel Cell Vehicles. Boca Raton, Fl, Usa: Crc Press, 2018.
[5]. K. J. Åström And T. Hägglund, Advanced Pid Control. Research Triangle Park, Nc, Usa: Isa, 2006.

Abstract: The fifth-generation (5G) wireless technology promises revolutionary advancements in communication, including ultra-low latency, massive connectivity, and high-speed data transmission. However, the presence of noise in 5G networks continues to degrade signal integrity, elevate bit error rates (BER), and compromise overall system performance. Conventional filtering approaches—such as Wiener, Kalman, and Least Mean Square (LMS....

Keywords: 5G Networks, Noise Estimation, Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Networks, Signal Processing, Edge Computing, BER, SNR

[1]. J. G. Andrews, S. Buzzi, W. Choi, Et Al., "What Will 5g Be?" Ieee Journal On Selected Areas In Communications, Vol. 32, No. 6, Pp. 1065-1082, 2014.
[2]. T. S. Rappaport Et Al., "Millimeter Wave Mobile Communications For 5g Cellular," Ieee Access, Vol. 1, Pp. 335-349, 2013.
[3]. P. Wang, J. Fang, H. Duan, And H. Li, "Compressed Channel Estimation For Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Assisted Millimeter Wave Systems," Ieee Signal Processing Letters, Vol. 27, No. 7, Pp. 905–909, 2020.
[4]. F. Qamar, M. H. Hindia, K. Dimyati, N. Ariffin, And I. S. Amiri, "Interference Management Issues For The Future 5g Network: A Review," Telecommunication Systems, Vol. 71, No. 4, Pp. 627-643, 2019.
[5]. I. Pyatin, J. Boiko, V. Kovtun, And O. Kovtun, "Radio Frequency Interface Quality Assessment In 4g/5g: Effects Of Iq Imbalance, Phase Noise, And Nonlinearities On Error Vector Magnitude," Plos One, Vol. 20, No. 5, P. E0324170, 2025.

Abstract: Avec l’arrivée des technologies 3G, les réseaux de télécommunications ont connu une grande expansion. Ces réseaux ont permis l’intégration de nouveaux services et un débit adéquat, permettant ainsi aux opérateurs de répondre à la demande croissante des utilisateurs. Cette rapide évolution a porté les opérateurs à adapter leurs méthodes de planification aux nouvelles technologies qui, augmentent la complexité au niveau du réseau. Cette complexité devient plus importante quand ces réseaux regroupent plusieurs technologies d’accès différents en un réseau hétérogène, comme dans le cas des réseaux mobiles de prochaine génération....

Keywords: Planification, cellules, réseau LTE

[1]. Communication System BPSK And QPSK Modulation, India, Tejbir Singh Hanzra, Gurpartap Singh 10.9790/2834-0133843
[2]. Power Ratio Measurement Of Discrete Time OFDM Signal, India Dr Amandeep Singh Sappal , Parneet Kaur 10.9790/2834-0134447.
[3]. Development And Operation Practires Vis-À-Vis 4G Wireless Technology, Shannon Hills (2007), Introduction To Mobile Computation 3rd Ed,NJ Prentice Hill.
[4]. Hillebrad , Trosby, Holley , Harris (2010) SMS The Creation Of Personal Global Text Messaging Willey

Abstract: Deep subterranean mass rapid transit corridors constitute among the most adverse radio-frequency propagation environments encountered in civil infrastructure. Bored tunnels of restricted transverse dimension, reinforced concrete linings of high dielectric loss, pronounced horizontal curvature, densely metallic rolling stock and sustained vehicular motion act in combination to produce severe non-line-of-sight attenuation, rapid temporal channel variation and appreciable Doppler dispersion. The established remedies radiating coaxial feeder, fibre-fed distributed....

Keywords: 5G Standalone, Captive Non-Public Network (CNPN), O-RAN, Option 7.2a functional split, Fixed Wireless Access (FWA), tunnel waveguide propagation, mass rapid transit, network slicing, communications-based train control, Micro Data Centre, indigenous telecommunications manufacture, technological sovereignty.

[1] 3GPP TS 23.501, "System architecture for the 5G System (5GS)," 3rd Generation Partnership Project, Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects.
[2] 3GPP TS 23.502, "Procedures for the 5G System (5GS)," 3rd Generation Partnership Project.
[3] 3GPP TS 38.300, "NR; NR and NG-RAN Overall Description; Stage 2," 3rd Generation Partnership Project.
[4] 3GPP TS 38.104, "NR; Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception," 3rd Generation Partnership Project.
[5] 3GPP TS 38.214, "NR; Physical layer procedures for data," 3rd Generation Partnership Project.