iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-1 ~ January. 2020

Abstract: According to WHO prevalence of epilepsy is 0.5-1%, one-fourth of the global population with epilepsy lives in developing countries like India. Vitamin d might have a role to play with regard to seizure control in epilepsy as well, the deficiency of vitamin d, which is found to be commonly prevalent among apparently healthy children, is found to be associated with epilepsy due to multiple factors. Many postulates had been suggested, including inducing cytochrome p450, and enzyme inhibition by anti-epileptic drugs. In this prospective observational study was done on children aged 2-16 years, who were on treatment for epilepsy. Both inpatients and outpatients in our hospital between august 2018 to July 2019.detailed history were taken, and a clinical examination was done. Blood samples were collected for serum vitamin d (25ohd), calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and alkaline......

Key Words : Epilepsy, Vitamin D,

[1]. Chaudhuri JR, Mridula KR, Rathnakishore C, Balaraju B, Bandaru VS. Association of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency in Pediatric Epileptic Patients. Iran J Child Neurol. 2017; 11(2):48–56.
[2]. Santhosh NS, Sinha S, Satishchandra P. Epilepsy: Indian perspective. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2014; 17(Suppl 1):S3–11.
[3]. Lazzari AA, Dussault PM, Thakore-James M, Gagnon D, Baker E, Davis SA et al. Prevention of bone loss and vertebral fractures in patients with chronic epilepsy-antiepileptic drug and osteoporosis prevention trial. Epilepsia. 2013; 54:1997–2004.
[4]. Yu-Jin lee, park, Young Mi km .Longitudinal change of vitamin D status in children with epilepsy on antiepileptic drugs: prevalence and risk factors, 2015; 52(2):153-159.
[5]. Nettekoven S, Strohle A, Trunz B, Wolters M, Hoffmann S, Horn R, et al. Effects of antiepileptic drug therapy on vitamin D status and biochemical markers of bone turnover in children with epilepsy. Eur J Pediatr. 2008 Dec; 167(12): 1369-77.

Abstract: Introduction: Epistaxis is a common clinical problem and is an uncomfortable experience that can cause great apprehension and anxiety in patients. Most nose bleed are benign, spontaneous and self-limiting. Epistaxis can range from minor bleed to profuse bleed that can be life threatening and warrant urgent medical attention. By this means it becomes necessary to study aetiology, age and sex incidence, seasonal variation, site and management of epistaxis. Materials and methods: Eighty six patients attending dept of ENT and emergency were taken for the study. First steps were taken to arrest bleeding and general condition of patients was improved. Then necessary investigations were done and treated accordingly.....

Keywords: Epistaxis, Emmergency, Hypertension, Nasal packing.

[1]. Swift AC, Bleier BS, Bhalla RK, Schlosser RJ (2013) Epistaxis: etiology, investigations and management. Rhinology and skull base surgery from the lab to the operating room: an evidence based approach. Thieme medical publisher, New York, USA. 507-523.
[2]. Viehweg TL, Roberson JB, Hudson JW (2006) Epistaxis: diagnosis andtreatment. J Oral Maxillofac Surgery 64(3): 511-518.
[3]. Varshney S, Saxena RK (2005) Epistaxis: a retrospective clinical study. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 57(2): 125-129.
[4]. Watkinson JC (1997) Epistaxis. Scott-Brown's otolaryngologyrhinology, Butterworth-Heinemann, London. 1-19.
[5]. Roland NJ, McRae RDR, McCombe AW (2001) Key topics in otolaryngology and head and neck surgery, Bios Scientific Publishers, Oxford. 72

Abstract: Aniridia is a rare congenital bilateral condition that occurs as a result of abnormal neuroectodermal development secondary to a mutation in the PAX6 gene on chromosome 11p13 adjacent to WT1 gene mutation of which predisposes to Wilm's tumor. Our paper reports the diagnosis of this rare case in a 26 year old male patient based on clinical features.

Key Words : ANIRIDIA, MICROTIA, NYSTAGMUS.

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[2]. David R, MacBeath L, Jenkins T. Aniridia associated with microcornea and subluxated lenses. Br J Ophthalmol.1978; 62(2):118-121.
[3]. Yamamoto Y, Hayasaka S, Setowaga T.Family with aniridia, microcornea, and spontaneously reabsorbed cataract. Arch Ophthalmol.1988;106(4):502-504.
[4]. Shields MB, Reed JW.Aniridia and congenital ptosis.Ann Ophthalmol.1975; 7(2):203-205.
[5]. Hanson I, Jordan T, van Heyningen V.In: Wright AF, Jay B, eds. Molecular genetics of Inherited Eye Disorders.Switzerland: Harwood Academic; 1994:445-467.

Abstract: Hypertensive disorders complicate 5-10% of all pregnancies. Along with hemorrhage and infection, it forms a deadly triad-that contributes mainly to maternal morbidity and mortality [1]. Visual system may be affected in 30-100% of patients with this disease. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are further complicated by coexisting fundoscopic changes.Our study aims to correlate fundoscopic changes in pregnancy induced hypertension and fetal outcome. This prospective observational study was carried out in 302 patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.Study was conducted at OBG department during November 2017 and 2018. Incidence of hypertensive disorders in this institute was 8.91%.Out of 302 subjects with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, 83(27.4%) had.....

[1]. Jain, L. (1997). Effects of pregnancy-induced and chronic hypertension on pregnancy outcome. J Perinatol, 17(6):425-427.
[2]. Wuerzner, G., Bochud, M., Jaunin Stalder, N. and Pechere-Bertschi, A. (2010).Hypertension: is the actual definition adapted to women? Rev Med Suisse,6(257):1448-1451.
[3]. Effects of pregnancy on eye ; Gupta P, Gupta R, Bajaj S ;Ophthalmology Today 2003.
[4]. Retinal changes in preeclampsia and eclampsia ; Prasad GN, Shukla BK JAMA 1976 ; 8-10.
[5]. Landesman R, Douglas RG, Synder SS. Retinal changes in toxaemia of pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1952;63(1):16-27.