IOSR-JAVS VOLUME-16 ~ ISSUE-7 ~ July 2023

ABSTRACT: Vermi Composting Or Worm Composting Is A Simple Technology For Converting Biodegradable Waste Into Organic Manure With The Help Of Earthworms. Earthworms Are Valued By Farmers Because, In Addition To Aerating The Soil, They Digest Organic Matter And Produce Castings That Are A Valuable Source Of Humus. A Number Of Researchers Throughout The World Have Found That The Nutrient Profile In Vermi Compost Is Generally Higher Than Traditional Compost. Although Vermin Composts Have Been Shown To Improve Plant Growth Significantly, The Application Of Vermi Composts At High Concentrations Could Impede Growth Due To The High Concentrations Of Soluble Salts Available In Vermi Composts.

Keywords: Earthworms; Nutrients; Organic Fertilizer; Plant Development; Vermi Composting; Waste Management

[1]. Guillemot, R. Bruant, V. Pasquiou, E. Boucher. Feasibility study for the implementation of two ORC Advances in Biological Sciences Research, volume 9 256 power plants of 1 MWe each using rice straw as a fuel in the context of a public-private partnership with the institutions PhilRice and UPLB. Courbevoie, France: ENERTIME, 2014.
[2]. B.Chakraborty, A.K. Chanda and S.K. Chakraborty. Effect of Bio-organic Amendments on the Infestation of Major Pests and Foliar Disease, Leaf Productivity in Mulberry (Morus alba L). American Journal of Experimental Agriculture 7(1): 10-16, 2015.
[3]. G.N. Emperor and K. Kumar. Microbial Population and Activity on Vermicompost of Eudrilus eugeniae and Eisenia fetida in Different Concentrations of Tea Waste with Cow Dung and Kitchen Waste Mixture. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2015) 4(10): 496-507, 2015.
[4]. Gopal, M.; Bhute, S.S.; Gupta, A.; Prabhu, S.R.; Thomas, G.V.; Whitman, W.B.; Jangid, K. Changes in structure and function of bacterial communities during coconut leaf vermicomposting. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2017, 110, 1339–1355.
[5]. Ramnarain, Y.I.; Ori, L.; Ansari, A.A. Evaluation of the use of vermicompost on the crop production of two varieties of Pak choi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) and on the soil structure in Suriname. Asian J. Agric. 2017, 1, 73–79

ABSTRACT: This Study Was Conducted To Determine The Energy Cost Producing, Postproduction And Cooking Of Rice At The Maitim, Bay, And Laguna In 2015. Two Land Owners And Two Rice Millers Were Interviewed. The Calculation Of Energy Cost Estimates Of Producing Of Rice, Postproduction And Cooking Of Rice In Concluded Labour, Machinery, Fuel, Building, Concrete Floor And Material Inputs. The Results Showed That Total Energy Input Estimates Of Producing Of Rice Was 3447.50Mcal/Ha Consequently Of The Material Inputs 2189.95Mcal/Ha (.......

Keywords: Energy Cost; Energy Output; Energy Efficiency; Energy Intensity; Rice

[1]. Anon. 2007. Project NF0614 'Environmental Assessment Tool For Biomaterials'. Funded By Defra Under Programme CTD0402 'Supply Chain Assessment And Development For Industrial Materials From Crops'. (Www.Nnfcc.Co.Uk<Toolkits
[2]. Azarpour E,. And Maral M., 2015. A Comparative Study On Energy Use And Cost Analysis Of Rice Varieties Under Traditional And Semi-Mechanized Farming Systems In North Of Iran.Young Researchers And Elite Club, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran.
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[5]. Feliza, B.D. 2008. Gender Roles And Labor Utilization Of Rice Farming In Besao, Mountain Province Benguet State University, La Trinidad

ABSTRACT: East Kalimantan Province is an area which designated as a citrus development area among 34 provinces in Indonesia. Paser Regency is one of the citrus development areas, namely in the Tanah Grogot sub-district as a center for citrus development. From these locations, Padang Pengrapat Village was chosen. The total population of citrus farmers in the village is 241 farmers, of which 15% of the total population is taken, namely 36 samples using a simple random technique......

Keywords: citrus farming business, citrus supply chain, marketing margins

[1]. Central Bureau Of Statistics (BPS) Paser Regency, 2015. Central Bureau Of Statistics In Figures. Passer District
[2]. Central Bureau Of Statistics (BPS) Paser Regency, 2020. Central Bureau Of Statistics In Figures. Passer District
[3]. Dimyati, A. 2005. Prospects And Development Direction Of Citrus Agribusiness. Agricultural Research And Development Agency (BPPP). Ministry Of Agriculture Of The Republic Of Indonesia
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ABSTRACT: Background: Nepal witnessed a significant growth over the last couple decades in meeting food and nutrition security through enhanced supply of milk across its ecological gradients. However, the challenge to mitigate the import of dairy products has attracted scientific consideration to elevate dairy cattle productivity through several disciplinary interventions, nutrition being the prominent of all.
Materials and Methods: A study to elucidate the effect of supplementing different probiotic strains on growth, digestibility of nutrients, milk......

Keywords: Bacteria; benefit:cost; digestibility; milk quality; live weight gain

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[2]. Roodposhti, P. M., And Dabiri, N. Effects Of Probiotic And Prebiotic On Average Daily Gain, Fecal Shedding Of Escherichia Coli And Immune System Status In Newborn Female Calves. Asian Australasian Journal Of Animal Sciences. 2012; 25, 1255–1261. Doi:10.5713/Ajas.2011.11312
[3]. Nalla K, Manda NK, Dhillon HS Et Al. Impact Of Probiotics On Dairy Production Efficiency. Frontiers In Microbiology. 2022;13:805963. Doi: 10.3389/Fmicb.2022.805963
[4]. Wang L, Sun H, Gao H., Et Al. A Meta-Analysis On The Effects Of Probiotics On The Performance Of Pre-Weaning Dairy Calves. Journal Of Animal Science And Biotechnology. 2023;14(3). Doi: 10.1186/S40104-022-00806-Z
[5]. Vibhute VM, Shelke RR, Chavan SD Et Al. Effect Of Probiotics Supplementation On The Performance Of Lactating Crossbred Cows. Veterinary World. 2011; 4(12):557-561

ABSTRACT: Research on the role of growth regulators GA3 and growth regulators IAA on the growth and yield of lettuce is still limited. This study aimed to determine the role of GA₃ and IAA on the growth and yield of lettuce in floating hydroponic systems. The study employed a two-factor factorial randomized block design (RBD). The first factor, GA3, had three levels: g0 (0 ppm), g1 (10 ppm), and g2 (20 ppm). The second factor was IAA (i), which had three levels: i0 (0 ppm), i1 (1 ppm), and i2 (2 ppm). Observations were made on plant height, number of leaves, plant fresh......

Keywords: Floating raft, GA₃, Hydroponic, IAA, Lettuce

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[2]. Apriliani Agusti, Zozy Aneloi Noli Dan Suwirmen (2015). "Pemberian Beberapa Jenis Dan Konsentrasi Auksin Untuk Menginduksi Perakaran Pada Stek Pucuk Bayur (Pterospermum Javanicum Jungh.) [Administration Of Several Types And Auxin Concentrations To Induce Rooting In Bayur Shoots (Pterospermum Javanicum Jungh.) Cuttings] Jurnal: Biologi. Volume 4 (Hlm 178-187). Padang: Universitas Andalas. In Indonesian Language.
[3]. Arsy, Andra Fatiqha, And Nunun Barunawati. (2018). "Pengaruh Aplikasi GA₃ Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Dua Varietas Tanaman Terung (Solanum Melongena L.)" [Effect Of GA₃ Application On Growth And Yield Of Two Eggplants (Solanum Melongena L.) Varieties] Jurnal Produksi Tanaman 6(7): 1250–57. In Indonesian Language.
[4]. Badan Pusat Statistik. (2016). Produksi Dan Produktivitas Selada 2010-2015 [Lettuce Production And Productivity 2010-2015]. Diakses Melalui Http://Www.BPS.Go.Id. In Indonesian Language.
[5]. Basri, Z., Arianto Dan Wahyudi, I. (2018). Pengaruh Pemberian Giberelin Dan Berbagai Media Tanam Terhadap Perkecambahan Dan Pertumbuhan Benih Pala (Myristica Fragrans Houtt) [Effect Of Gibberellins And Various Growing Media On Germination And Growth Of Nutmeg (Myristica Fragrans Houtt) Seeds]. Program Studi Magister Ilmu Pertanian. Universitas Tadulako. E-Jurnal Mitra Sains, Volume 6 (1) : 1 - 12. In Indonesian Language.