IOSR-JAVS VOLUME-16 ~ ISSUE-7 ~ July 2023

ABSTRACT: Vermi Composting Or Worm Composting Is A Simple Technology For Converting Biodegradable Waste Into Organic Manure With The Help Of Earthworms. Earthworms Are Valued By Farmers Because, In Addition To Aerating The Soil, They Digest Organic Matter And Produce Castings That Are A Valuable Source Of Humus. A Number Of Researchers Throughout The World Have Found That The Nutrient Profile In Vermi Compost Is Generally Higher Than Traditional Compost. Although Vermin Composts Have Been Shown To Improve Plant Growth Significantly, The Application Of Vermi Composts At High Concentrations Could Impede Growth Due To The High Concentrations Of Soluble Salts Available In Vermi Composts.

Keywords: Earthworms; Nutrients; Organic Fertilizer; Plant Development; Vermi Composting; Waste Management

[1]. Guillemot, R. Bruant, V. Pasquiou, E. Boucher. Feasibility study for the implementation of two ORC Advances in Biological Sciences Research, volume 9 256 power plants of 1 MWe each using rice straw as a fuel in the context of a public-private partnership with the institutions PhilRice and UPLB. Courbevoie, France: ENERTIME, 2014.
[2]. B.Chakraborty, A.K. Chanda and S.K. Chakraborty. Effect of Bio-organic Amendments on the Infestation of Major Pests and Foliar Disease, Leaf Productivity in Mulberry (Morus alba L). American Journal of Experimental Agriculture 7(1): 10-16, 2015.
[3]. G.N. Emperor and K. Kumar. Microbial Population and Activity on Vermicompost of Eudrilus eugeniae and Eisenia fetida in Different Concentrations of Tea Waste with Cow Dung and Kitchen Waste Mixture. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2015) 4(10): 496-507, 2015.
[4]. Gopal, M.; Bhute, S.S.; Gupta, A.; Prabhu, S.R.; Thomas, G.V.; Whitman, W.B.; Jangid, K. Changes in structure and function of bacterial communities during coconut leaf vermicomposting. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2017, 110, 1339–1355.
[5]. Ramnarain, Y.I.; Ori, L.; Ansari, A.A. Evaluation of the use of vermicompost on the crop production of two varieties of Pak choi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) and on the soil structure in Suriname. Asian J. Agric. 2017, 1, 73–79

ABSTRACT: This Study Was Conducted To Determine The Energy Cost Producing, Postproduction And Cooking Of Rice At The Maitim, Bay, And Laguna In 2015. Two Land Owners And Two Rice Millers Were Interviewed. The Calculation Of Energy Cost Estimates Of Producing Of Rice, Postproduction And Cooking Of Rice In Concluded Labour, Machinery, Fuel, Building, Concrete Floor And Material Inputs. The Results Showed That Total Energy Input Estimates Of Producing Of Rice Was 3447.50Mcal/Ha Consequently Of The Material Inputs 2189.95Mcal/Ha (.......

Keywords: Energy Cost; Energy Output; Energy Efficiency; Energy Intensity; Rice

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ABSTRACT: East Kalimantan Province is an area which designated as a citrus development area among 34 provinces in Indonesia. Paser Regency is one of the citrus development areas, namely in the Tanah Grogot sub-district as a center for citrus development. From these locations, Padang Pengrapat Village was chosen. The total population of citrus farmers in the village is 241 farmers, of which 15% of the total population is taken, namely 36 samples using a simple random technique......

Keywords: citrus farming business, citrus supply chain, marketing margins

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