IOSR-JAVS VOLUME-16 ~ ISSUE-5 ~ May 2023

ABSTRACT:Background: Mastitis is a common inflammation of the udder and teats in dairy cows that exists in two forms: clinical and subclinical. Subclinical mastitis is more prevalent and difficult to diagnose, resulting in longer persistence in the herd and higher economic losses compared to clinical mastitis, making it a significant concern for dairy farmers.
Objective: The investigation used CMT score, udder scoring protocols, and physical parameters to determine the prevalence and factors affecting the incidence of mastitis in milking cows in select regions of Bangladesh. Methods: The study investigated the prevalence of mastitis in 360 lactating dairy cows of different breeds, ages, and lactation stages in various dairy farms of the Matlab Dakshin, Matlab Uttar, Faridganj, and Chandpur Sadar Upazila of Chandpur district, Bangladesh. The data were collected through a farm survey, examination of the udder and milk, and California Mastitis Test (CMT), and analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Utilizing a formal questionnaire......

Keywords: Mastitis, Prevalence, Dairy cows, Subclinical form, Bangladesh

[1]. Ruegg, P.L. A 100-Year Review: Mastitis detection, management, and prevention. J. Dairy Sci. 2017, 100, 10381-10397.
[2]. Taponen, S.; Liski, E.; Heikkilä, A.-M.; Pyörälä, S. Factors associated with intramammary infection in dairy cows caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Corynebacterium bovis, or Escherichia coli. J. Dairy Sci. 2017, 100, 493-503.
[3]. Mbindyo, C.M.; Gitao, G.C.; Mulei, C.M. Prevalence, etiology, and risk factors of mastitis in dairy cattle in Embu and Kajiado Counties, Kenya. Vet. Med. Int. 2020, 2020.
[4]. Jamali, H.; Barkema, H.W.; Jacques, M.; Lavallée-Bourget, E.-M.; Malouin, F.; Saini, V.; Stryhn, H.; Dufour, S. Invited review: Incidence, risk factors, and effects of clinical mastitis recurrence in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 2018, 101, 4729-4746.
[5]. Ndahetuye, J.B.; Persson, Y.; Nyman, A.-K.; Tukei, M.; Ongol, M.P.; Båge, R. Aetiology and prevalence of subclinical mastitis in dairy herds in peri-urban areas of Kigali in Rwanda. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 2019, 51, 2037-2044

ABSTRACT:Sorghum grain can potentially be a high-quality energy source in non-ruminant diets. However, its digestibility is constrained by endogenous anti-nutritional factors. This study investigated the effect of extrusion cooking variables on in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of sorghum extrudate. The study followed a (3×2×2) factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design, each with three replicates, to determine the effect of feed moisture content, barrel temperature, and screw speed on IVDMD of sorghum extrudate using a co-rotating twin screw extruder. According to preliminary trials, the feed moisture content was between 40 to 50% (wet basis), the barrel temperature was 70 and 90 °C, and the screw speed was 280 and 300 rpm. The IVDMD of sorghum extrudate increased as......

Keywords: Anti-nutritional factors, barrel temperature, high-tannin sorghum, screw speed, twin screw extruder

[1]. Alam, M. S., Kaur, J., Khaira, H., & Gupta, K. (2016). Extrusion and extruded products: changes in quality attributes as affected by extrusion process parameters: a review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 56(3), 445-473. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2013.779568
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[3]. Assefa, A., Bezabih, A., Girmay, G., Alemayehu, T., & Lakew, A. (2020). Evaluation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) variety performance in the lowlands area of wag lasta, north eastern Ethiopia. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 6(1), 1778603. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2020.1778603
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[5]. Byaruhanga, Y. B., Kassozi, V., Wafoyo, R., Mugoya, C., & Masiga, C. (2014). Properties of extrudates from sorghum varieties. African Crop Science Journal, 22, 829-836

ABSTRACT: Red Chittagong (RC) is a breed of cattle that is native to Bangladesh, and is known for its adaptation to tropical climates. The Y chromosomal haplotypes formed by 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of sex- determining region Y gene (SRY) in Y chromosome shows the mode of paternal inheritance in cattle. The polymorphism of stearoyl‐CoA desaturase (SCD) and sterol regulatory element‐binding protein‐1 (SREBP-1) genes are associated with fatty acid composition in meat and melanocortin receptor-1 (MC1R) gene is involved in coat color determination in cattle. The aim of this study was to investigate genetic characteristics of these cattle using Y chromosomal haplotypes and polymorphism of genes associated with economical traits and coat color.......

Keywords: SRY, MC1R, SCD, SREBP1, and Genotyping

[1]. Bhuiyan MSA, Bhuiyan AKFH, Yoon DH, Jeon JT, Park CS, Lee JH. Mitochondrial DNA Diversity and Origin of Red Chittagong Cattle. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2007; (20)10 : 1478 – 1484.
[2]. Habib M, Bhuiyan AKFH, Bhuiyan MSA, Khan AA. Performance of Red Chittagong cattle in Bangladesh Agricultural University dairy farm. Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science. 2003; 32:101-108.
[3]. Hoashi S, Ashida N, Ohsaki H, Utsugi T, Sasazaki S, Taniguchi M, Oyama K, Mukai F, Mannen H. Genotype of bovine sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) is associated with fatty acid composition in Japanese Black cattle. Mammalian Genome. 2007; 18: 880-886.
[4]. Hossain MM, Bhuiyan MSA, Bhuiyan AKFM, Hanotte O. Red Chittagong-indigenous cattle genetic resource with promise in Bangladesh. Proceedings of the AHAT/BSAS international conference on "Integrating Livestock-Crop Systems to Meet the Challenges of Globalization" held in Khon Kaen, Thailand, during 14-18 November, 2005. Br. Soc. Anim. Sci. 2. P-T82.
[5]. Hamid MA, Rahman A, Zaman MA, Hossen KM. Cattle Genetic Resources and their Conservation in Bangladesh. Asian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2017;11:54-64.

ABSTRACT: An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Research Field, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh during the period from November 2020 to March 2021 to evaluate the performance of strawberry variety under different growing conditions. The experiment consisted of two factors; Factor A: two varieties viz. i) Rabi strawberry-1 ii) Sweet sensation and Factor B: Growing condition (two different environmental conditions) viz. i) Ambient condition ii) Agro-shade condition. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. About 35 days old healthy and disease free daughter plants of strawberry variety Rabi strawberry-1 and sweet sensation were collected from Rajshahi University, Bangladesh and Kolkata......

Keywords: Strawberry, variety, plant growth, yield and quality.

[1]. Adnan, M. M., Rahim, M. A., Haque, T., Hossain, M. M. 2017: Growth and yield performance of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) as influenced by variety and mulch materials. Fundamental and Applied Agriculture 2(1): 202-206.
[2]. Asrey, R., Jain, R.K., Singh, R. 2009: Effect of pre-harvest chemical treatments on shelf life of Chandler strawberry. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 74: 485-487.
[3]. Caillouet O. C. 2016: The Effects of Shade on Growth, Development and Yield of a Primocane Fruiting Blackberry, 'Prime-Ark 45' to Extend the Market Season. Horticulture Undergraduate Honors Theses. 4
[4]. Chaudhuri, S. K. 2013: A simple and reliable method to detect gamma irradiated lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) seeds by germination efficiency and seedling growth test. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 64: 131-136.
[5]. Chowdhury, A. N., Nargis, A., Rahman, M. Z., Alam, A. K. M. S., Ibrahim, M., Akhter

ABSTRACT: The research was conducted at the BIH Kutagadung Berastagi Experimental Garden, Karo Regency, April-June 2022. The research aim was to determine the function of providing shelter and PGR concentration on the growth and development of chrysanthemum plantlet acclimatization. This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two treatment factors: first, containment consisted of 2 treatment levels, namely: without a cover (S0), using a plastic covers (S1). The second factor was the use of soaking time with ZPT which consisted of 4 treatment levels, namely: concentrations of 0 ml/l water (Z0), 3 cc/1 water (Z1), 6 cc/1 water (Z3), and 6 cc/l water (Z). The results showed that containment gave no significant difference (p < 0.05) in plant growth from 14.....

Keywords: Chrysanthemum flower, PGR, cover, acclimatization, immersion

[1]. Anonmous. 2021. Inovasi Teknik Budidaya Bunga Krisan Di Kabupaten Bojonegoro.
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[3]. view/409 (Accesed on Maret 7, 2022)
[4]. Anas Pratiwi, GilangBayuSaputro, Nadya Ayu Dewantari, 2022.Identification of Pests and Deseases on Chrysanthemum in Nglurah Village, Tawangmangu.Biology Education Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Veteran Bangun Nusantara, Sukoharjo, Indonesia Email: muhammadgilang698@gmail.com. Jurnal Biologi Tropis
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ABSTRACT:Astaxanthin is a natural antioxidant, which can effective ly enhance animal immunity and has coloring function. At present, astaxanthin has been widely used in the layer breeding industry as a feed additive. This review summarizes the main biological functions of astaxanthin and its effects on production performa nce, egg quality and nutrition, and immune performance of laying hens..

Keywords: Astaxanthin L ayer breeding Y olk color Antioxidant activity

[1]. Ahmad, M., Mehran,T., Hossein, A. G.(2015). Effectof phytase supplementation of diets with different levels of rice bran and non-phytate phosphorus on productive performance ,egg quality traits, leukocytes profile and serum lipids of laying hens reared indoor under high environmental temperatures. Anmal Feed Science and Technology, 37(6):207-210.
[2]. Akiba, Y., Kan, S., Takahashi, K., et al.(2008). Improved Pigmentation of Egg Yolk by Feeding of Yeast Phaffia rhodozyma Containing
High Concentration of Astaxanthin in Laying Hens. Japanese Poultry Science, 37(3):162 170.
[3]. Allah, N.,Yasuhiro, N., Akiko, T., et al.(2021). Astaxanthin, a Marine Carotenoid, Maintains the Tolerance and Integrity of Adipose Tissue and Contributes to Its Healthy Functions. Nutrients, 13(12): 4374
[4]. Bai, J. (2020). Effect of astaxanthin on the immune function of laying hens, FEED RESEARCH , 9: 30-32
[5]. Bai, J.(2021). F eeding effect of dandelion powder and astaxanthin in diet of layers, Feed Rearch, 9: 59 62

ABSTRACT: The Internet of Things (IoT) technology is being used in the rapidly expanding sector of "smart agriculture" to improve agricultural quality and output. Real-time monitoring and management of the agricultural process are greatly facilitated by the integration of IoT technology with farming practises. In this research work, an IoT-based observation approach is proposed to monitor soil conditions, temperature, humidity, and rainfall utilising NodeMCU and numerous linked sensors in order to maximise the usefulness of croplands......

Keywords: IoT technology, Smart agriculture, Environmental monitoring, Crop yield Resource utilization & Efficiency

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