IOSR-JAVS   Volume-14 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep. 2021

ABSTRACT:Background: The affinities of the Plantaginaceae are not clear and Plantago is a problematic genus to study; most of its species are so similar that identifying stable aspects of variation among them is difficult. In the present study, we attempt to determine the relationships among seven Plantago species combining morphological and ecological data.
Materials and Methods: Morphological variations and morphometry of leaves, inflorescence, flowers and seeds were studied in seven Plantago L. accessions, namely P. ciliata Desf., P. albicans L., P. albicans var. nana Boiss., P. weldenii Rchb., P. coronopus L., P. albicans subsp. lanuginosa Chevall., P. serraria L. collected from different locations in Tunisia mainly from arid regions. For edaphic study, soil samples were collected at each collection site near the base of each........

Key Word: Morphological analysis, edaphic data, Plantago genus, Tunisia

[1]. Lazzaro L, Mugnai M, Ferretti G, Lazzeri V, Br, Bri V C., Foggi B. Lectotypification of the names Plantago weldenii and P. commutata (Plantaginaceae). Phytotaxa. 2020, 429(1), https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.7.
[2]. Hassemer G, Bruun-Lund S, Shipunov AB, Briggs BG, Meudt HM, Rønsted N The application of high-throughput sequencing for taxonomy: The case of Plantago subg. Plantago (Plantaginaceae). Molecular phylogenetics and Evolution. 2019, 138, 156-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.05.013.
[3]. Barnéoud FM. Monographie Générale de la Famille des Plantaginées. Paris: Fortin, Masson et Cie. 1845. 52 pp
[4]. Decaisne J. Plantaginaceæ. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis. 1852, 13(1): 693–737. Paris: Victoris Masson.
[5]. Engler A, Prantl, K. Die naturliche pflanzenfamilien. 1897, IV(3b): 363-373..

ABSTRACT: A field experiment on the effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide on the growth, yield and carbohydrate content of maize (Zea mays) was carried out at Federal College of Forestry, Jos. The experiment consisted of five treatments, in which the control plot was weeded using hoe. Other treatments are T1 (4 ml/L), T2 (8 ml/L), T3 (16 ml/L) and T4 (32 ml/L) of 2,4-D herbicide respectively applied to 4m2 experimental plot for weed control. The experimental design consisted of Randomized Complete Block Design and data was taken on the germination number, leaf count, plant height, number of tassels, yield and starch concentration of maize grains. Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23 was used to carry out data analysis and Tukey's test was used to separate.....

Keywords: Maize, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), growth, yield, starch concentration

[1]. Tanimu MU, Adeosun JO, Muhammad A, Na-Allah MS, Bubuche TS. Maize Yield Affected by Periods of Weed Interference in Southern Guinea Savannah Zone of Nigeria. SSR Inst. International Journal of Life Science, 2020; 6(4): 2601-2611. DOI: 10.21276/SSR-IIJLS.2020.6.4.2.
[2]. Adejuwon JO. Assessment of the Changing Pattern in Maize Cultivation in Sokoto-Rima River Basin, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Science & Environmental Management, 2018; 22(9): 1433–1437. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v22i9.12
[3]. Matsouka Y, Vigourox Y, Goodman MM."A single domestication of maize shown by multiplocus micro satellite genolyping". 2002.
[4]. Komljenovic I, Markovic M, Djurasinovic G, Kovacevic V. Response of maize to liming and ameliorative phosphorus fertilization. Novenytermeles. 2015; 64: 35-38.
[5]. Statista. Distribution of global corn production in 2015, by country. www.statista.com/market/. 2016

ABSTRACT: Data on 4581 Holstein Friesian or Jersey x Local crossbreed animals sold during January 2010 to June 2021 by 2072 farmers spread over 173 villages distributed among 23 Cattle Development Centre's (CDC) in Ahmednagar and Pune districts of Western Maharashtra was compiled for studying animal sale pattern. The average sale price realized for field crossbreed animals by the farmers was noticed to be Rs.25570.78±243.99. The reasons for animal sale as attributed by the animal owners were better price, fodder shortage, household needs, surplus animals, animal trading business as livelihood, unsatisfactory production, old age, and problem breeders, etc. The study revealed that CDC category, animal sire, animal sold season, animal lactation stage, animal class, age of the sold animal, type of buyer, and reason for animal sale had significantly affected the animal sale price, while the site of sale and animal sold through (trading system) found non-significant from an animal sale point of view.

Key Words: Crossbreed animals, animal sale pattern, field areas, and reasons for animal sale

....

ABSTRACT: Milk production is a viable economic enterprise in Kenya. It supportsthe livelihood of approximately four million Kenyans through food provision, income generation and employment. However, milk production per individual animal in Kenya, averaging seven to nine litres/cow/day, is low compared to the world's best at 10,133 litres/cow/year (28 litres/cow/day). This means that Kenya produces an average of 20 litres of milk less per cow per day compared to the world's best. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of tickcontrol on milk revenue of smallholder farmers in Kapseret Sub-county. The study was conducted between the months of January-March, 2020. Primary data was collected using closed and open-ended questionnaires.Karl Pearson's......

Keywords: correlation, east coast fever,milk revenue, smallholder farmers, production.

[1]. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Statistics. (2016). Agricultural outlook 2016-2025.
[2]. Food and Agriculture organization statistics of the United Nations. FAO and the SDGs. Measuring up to the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development. Rome; 2017.
[3]. Food and Agriculture organization statistics of the United Nations. Overview of global dairy market developments in 2019. Dairy Market review; 2020.
[4]. Muraya J, VanLeeuwen JA, Gitau GK, Wichtel JJ, Makau DN, Crane MB, Tsuma VT. Cross-sectional study of productive and reproductive traits of dairy cattle in smallholder farms in Meru, Kenya, Livestock Research for Rural Development. 2018;30(171).
[5]. Food and Agriculture organization statistics of the United nations. Milk availability, Trends in production and demand and medium-term outlook. 2012;12-01.