IOSR-JAVS   Volume-14 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2021

ABSTRACT: Background: This work aims to evaluate under laboratory conditions the insecticidal effect of Basalte, which is a volcanic rock and a natural fertilizer rich in nutriments and employed to improve crops growth, on insect pests of stored wheat ; Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae), Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera, Bostrichidae) and Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). Three treatments were applied: T0: without "Farina di Basalto®" (Control), T1: 3% of "Farina di Basalto®", T2: 1.5% of "Farina di Basalto®".Obtained results showed that the fertilizer causes the mortality of the three pest species. Regarding T. castaneum, mortality rates observed for the control were always about 0% until the fifth day of observations. However, in treated units, insect mortality rates were about 40 and 16.6% respectively for 3 and 1.5% of basalt powder just one day after the trial and increased....

Keywords: wheat, storage, insect pest, basalt, mortality rate

[1]. Abbott W.S., 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology 18:265–26.
[2]. Al-Iraqi R.A.,Al-NaqibS.Q.,2006. Inert Dusts to Control Adults of Some Stored Product Insects in Stored Wheat. Rafidain Journal of Science 10: 26-33.
[3]. Anonymous 2019. Fiche technique farina di Basalto.Corroborant potentialisateur des défenses végétales. p2
[4]. Arthur F.H., 2015. Residual efficacy of pyrethrin+ methoprene for control of Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum in a commercial flour mill. Journal of Stored Prod Res 64:42–44.
[5]. Drobot N.F., Noskova O.A., Steblevskii A.V., Fomichev S.V.,Krenev K.A., 2013.Use of chemical and metallurgical methods for processing of gabbro-basalt raw material. Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering 47(4): 484 - 8

ABSTRACT: Efficacy of BAU-Biofungicide (a Trichoderma based preparation), aqueous extracts of Neem and Garlic clove and an inducer Bion were evaluated in the field as seed-treatment or seed-treatment along with foliar application to manage leaf blight disease of wheat caused by Biopolaris sorokiniana in cv. Kanchan from November, 2015 to April, 2018 in Dhynna Rampal Block, Tangail, Bangladesh. In addition, a chemical fungicide (Tilt) was used as positive control and an untreated negative control were included in the experiment. Three years of field trials, seed treatment with BAU-Biofungicide (3%) resulted significant effect in increasing seedlings emergence /10m2 and reducing seedling mortality. Seed treatment with BAU-Biofungicide plus BAU-Biofungicide spray, yielded the highest plant height, number of effective tillers/m2 and length of ear in comparable to Tilt and other treatments.......

Key words: Leaf blight, BAU-Biofungicide, Wheat, Leaf extracts, Tilt

[1]. Adekunle T, Cardwell K, Florina DA, Ikotun T 2001: Seed treatment with Trichoderma species for control of damping- off of cowpea caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. Biocontrol sci. Tech. 11(4) 449-457.
[2]. Alam KB, Malaker PK, Shaheed MA, Ahmed AU, Ahmed F, Haque MS 1995: Yield loss Assessment of Wheat due to Bipolaris Leaf Blight in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Pathology 11 35-38.
[3]. Alam KB, Shaheed MA, Ahmed AU, Malaker PK 1994: Bipolaris Leaf Blight (spot blotch) of Wheat in Bangladesh. Mexico, DF (CYMMIT) pp. 324-342.
[4]. Chaudhary RC, SS Aujla, I Sharma, RP. Singh. 1984. Effect of black point on germination and quality characters of WL-711. Indian Phytopathology 37 351-353.
[5]. Chowdhury SR, Aminuzzaman FM, Islam MR, Zaman R 2010: Effect of Different Levels of Seed Infection by Bipolaris sorokiniana on Leaf Blight Severity, Grain Formation, Yield and Subsequent Seed Infection of Wheat. Intl. J. Env. Biotech. 3(2) 219-224..

ABSTRACT: A male, Mullinoise breed police (K9) dog, 25 kg weight and of 3 years old, had been brought to the Veterinary Clinical Consult Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Basrah, Iraq, with patient history and signs of loss of appetite, emaciation, anemia, and hemoglobinuria. Complete clinical examinations were performed for the diseased dog. On clinical examinations, diseased animal show signs of Complete loss of appetite, Pale of mucus membranes, Severe emaciation and weakness, Panting with the abdominal type of respiration and Hemoglobinuria, Moreover, fever, increase respiratory and heart rate was also indicated in the diseased animal. Furthermore, Normocytic normochromic anemia with lymphocytosis and a total parasitemia of 5% as well as, Hypoprotenemia, Hyperbilirubinemia......

Key words: Canine Babesiosis, a police (K9) dog, Basrah, Iraq

[1]. Solano-Gallego, L., Sainz, Á., Roura, X., Estrada-Peña, A & Miró, G .(2016). A review of canine babesiosis: the European perspective.BMC. 336.
[2]. Uilenberg, G. (2006).Babesia-a historical overview. Vet. Parasitol. 138:3–10.
[3]. Beugnet, F., Halos,L., Guillot,J.(2018). Textbook of clinical parasitology in dogs and cats.
[4]. Irwin, P.J.(2009). Canine babesiosis: from molecular taxonomy to control. Parasit. Vectors. 2 Suppl 1:S4.
[5]. Boozer, A.L., Macintire, D.K. (2003).Canine babesiosis. Vet. Clin. North. Am. Small Ani.m Pract. 33:885–904.
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ABSTRACT: This paper focuses on the drivers of participation of smallholder avocado farmers in collective action initiatives. Collective action holds a vast potential to deliver food security and poverty reduction objectives because it enables the farmers to access benefits they would not otherwise get if they were acting individually. The study utilized primary data collected from 130 households randomly selected from both members and non-members of avocado producer and marketing groups in Murang'a County, Kenya. The findings revealed that membership in collectives was highly influenced by the scale of production, farming experience, resource endowment, access to information and gender. On the other hand, market price, group attributes including size, age, membership homogeneity, trust, and....

Key words: Collective action, collectives, producer and marketing groups, exclusion

[1]. Adam, C., & Potvin, L. (2016). Understanding exclusionary mechanisms at the individual level: A theoretical proposal. Health Promotion International, daw005. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daw005
[2]. Ahmed, M. H., & Mesfin, H. M. (2017). The impact of agricultural cooperatives membership on the wellbeing of smallholder farmers: Empirical evidence from eastern Ethiopia. Agricultural and Food Economics, 5(1), 6.
[3]. Arouna, A. (2018). Assessing the Impact of Collective Marketing of Paddy Rice in Innovation Platforms by Smallholder Producers in Benin. Rice Crop –Current Developments. doi:10.5772/intechopen.76112.
[4]. Baden S. (2013). Women's Collective Action: Unlocking the Potential of Agricultural Markets, Oxfam.
[5]. Balgah, R. A. (2018). Factors Influencing Coffee Farmers' Decisions to Join Cooperatives.Sustainable Agriculture Research, 8(1), 42. doi:10.5539/sar.v8n1p42

ABSTRACT: Background: The study was carried out to determine the morphometric characteristics of twenty improved and five local maize genotypes against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) infestation in Northeastern Nigeria. The study was conducted in the Laboratory in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) replicated three times. The morphological and morphometric characteristics of these maize genotypes as well as the susceptibility index (SI) were determined. Data collected were analyzed using ANOVA and means separated using Tukey Kramer HSD test at P>0.05. Result of the morphological characteristics of the maize grains show that two color types: white and yellow were differentiated, while shapes were hexagonal, oval and rectangular. In respect to face-type, the varieties were dent, semi.......

Keywords: Sitophilus zeamais, Varieties, Susceptible, Resistant, Morphometric.

[1]. Abdulrahamn, A. A. and Kolawale, O. M. (2006). Traditional preparation and uses of maize in Nigeria. Ethnobot. Leaflets 10: 219-227.
[2]. Abebe, F., Tefera, T., Mugo, S., Beyene, Y. and Vidal, S. (2009). Resistance of maize varieties to the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). African Journal of Biotechnology, 8 (21): 5937-5943.
[3]. Abraham, T. (1991). The biology, significance and control of the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on stored maize. An M.Sc. Thesis presented to the School of Graduate Studies of Haramaya University of Agriculture, Ethiopia. p. 250.
[4]. Adedire, C. O., Akinkurolere, R. O. and Ajayi, O. O. (2011). Susceptibility of some maize cultivars in Nigeria to infestation and damage by maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Nigerian Journal of Entomology. 28: 55-63
[5]. Adentuji, J. F. (1998). A study of the resistance of some sorghum seed cultivars to Sitophilus oryzae(L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Stored Product Research. 24:67-71.

ABSTRACT: An aerobic soil incubation test was carried out in the laboratory to study the N immobilization- mineralization process when increasing rates of sunflower residues were incorporated into the soil at 0, 0.15, 0.5 and 1g of residues per 50g of soil. The soil obtained from a plot where sunflower has been cultivated was incubated at 32°C for 3 months. For all residues rates, nitrogen was rapidly immobilized in the first four days of incubation, then it was rapidly liberated into the soil. However, the amount of nitrogen remineralized decreased with increasing rate of residues incorporated. In terms of incubation period, the rate of N immobilized by residues relative to the control was 22, 18, 47 and 70% for R1, R2, R3 and R4, respectively.

Keywords: Aerobic incubation, immobilization, mineralization, mineral nitrogen, residues rate, sunflower residues

[1]. Alexander, M. (1978). Introduction to Soil Microbiology. Soil Science, 125(5), 331.
[2]. Aulakh, M. S., Walters, D. T., Doran, J. W., Francis, D. D., & Mosier, A. R. (1991). Crop residue type and placement effects on denitrification and mineralization. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 55(4), 1020‑1025.
[3]. Azam, F., Mulvaney, R. L., & Stevenson, F. J. (1989). Transformation of 15 N-labelled leguminous plant material in three contrasting soils. Biology and fertility of soils, 8(1), 54‑60.
[4]. Azam, F., Stevenson, F. J., & Mulvaney, R. L. (1989). Chemical extraction of newly immobilized 15N and native soil N as influenced by substrate addition rate and soil treatments. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 21(5), 715‑722.
[5]. Babu, S., Rana, D. S., Yadav, G. S., Singh, R., & Yadav, S. K. (2014). A review on recycling of sunflower residue for sustaining soil health. International Journal of Agronomy, 2014.

ABSTRACT: Optimization of low pH soils for soybean production can best be achieved through screening and identification of soybean genotypes for adaptability. A total of twenty soybean genotypes (5 improved and 15 indigenous) were evaluated for yield potential and adaptability at different soil pH levels. Pot experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design(CRD) with three replications in 2015 and repeated in 2016 to determine the differential tolerance of 20 soybean genotypes to different soil pH levels. The pH levels were 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, and 7.0. At lower pH levels, agronomic and yieldperformance were severely restricted while at higher pH of 6.5 to 7.0 all the genotypes performed best. Major tolerance indicators such as plant height and root length discriminated the genotype,Vom as the most adapted and TGX1987-62F as the second best for adaptationto acid soil conditions......

Keywords: soybean, adaptability, pH, acid soil, genotype

[1]. Adie, M.M. and Ayda, K. (2016). Identification of soybean genotypes adaptive and productive to acid soil agro-ecosystem. Biodiversitas 17: 565-570.
[2]. Aduloju, M.O., Mahamood, J. and Abayomi, Y.A. (2009) Evaluation of soybean [Glycinemax (L.) Merrill] genotypes for adaptability to a southern Guinea Savanna environment with and without P fertilizer application in North central Nigeria. African Journal of Agricultural Res. 4(6): 556-563.
[3]. Akande, S.R., Owolade, O.F. and Ayanwole, J.A. (2007) Field evaluation of soybean varieties at Ilorin in the Southern Guinea Savanna ecology of Nigeria. African J. of Agric Res 2(8): 356-359
[4]. Alghamdi, S.S. (2004). Yield stability of some soybean genotypes across diverse environments. Pakistan J. of Biological Sciences 7(12): 2109-2114.
[5]. Ali, Y., Aslam, Z., Hussain, F. and Shakur, A. (2004). Genotype and Environmental Interaction in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) for yield and disease resistance. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1 (2): 119-123.

ABSTRACT: The main objectives of the study was to assess the utilization of Global System for Mobile (GSM) for communication by farmers' in the Fertilizer Voucher Programmme (FVP) in Taraba State, Nigeria Specifically, the study sought to: determine extent of needs for information by farmers participating in the Fertilizer Voucher Programme; identify major sources of information used farmers participating in the Fertilizer Voucher Programme; ascertain farmers' level of productivity as a result of Fertilizer Voucher Programme; and determine major constraints in the implementation of the Fertilizer Voucher Programme in Taraba State. The population for the study comprised all farmers that participated/benefited in FVP in the Taraba State, numbering 51,098 smallholder.......

Keywords: Fertilizer Voucher Programmme (FVP), Global System for Mobile (GSM), Communication, Information Needs, Sources of Information

[1]. Adesina, A. (2012). Agricultural Transformation Agenda (ATA): Repositioning agriculture to drive Nigeria's economy, Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD) Abuja, Nigeria, pp. 1-7.
[2]. Adesina, A. (2013). Transformation in the Fertilizer Industry: How Jonathan Stopped Politicians from Hijacking Farmers' Subsidized Fertilizers, Public Affairs, Federal Republic of Nigeria, Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD), Abuja, Nigeria.
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[4]. Ani, A.O. and Baba, S.A. (2009). Utilization of Selected electronic Mass Media as sources of Agricultural Information by farmers in Northern Taraba State, Nigeria, Journal of Tropical Agricultural Research and Extension, Vol. I (12), pp. 9 -15.
[5]. Banful, A.B. and Olayide, O. (2010).Perspectives of Selected Stakeholder Groups in Nigeria on the Federal and State Fertilizer Subsidy Programmes, IFPRI-Abuja, NSSP Report 8, Adobe Acrobat Document, Modified/Retrieved: 28/7/2013, pp. 1 -14.