iosr-jspe   Volume-1 ~ Issue-7 ~ Nov-Dec 2014

Abstract: Introduction: Evidence suggested that exercise may affects release of prolactin hormone. Participation in exercise may increase secretion of prolactin hormone and may give sharp decrease in secretion of prolactin and not only that published work demanded that there is no effect of exercise on secretion of prolactin. In this context the researcher intend to know whether exercise affects positively or negatively or not on the release of prolactin hormone. Aim: Determine whether participation in exercise may increase the level of secretion of prolactine hormone or not. Method: Only two female students 29 years aged were participated in this study. They were regularly practiced yogic asana and pranayam for 1 hour per day in the evening, 6 days per week, for 8 weeks. The level of prolactin hormone was assessed by CLI method. In the present study all the measurements were done at the baseline and 8 weeks of exercise training. Simple percentage calculated from the mean value to see the quantitative changes in secretion of prolactin due to participation in the exercise training. Result: Pre test mean was 5.80 and post test mean was 17.63 which imply that 203.96% increase in secretion of prolactin significantly. Discussion and Conclusion: Level of secretion increased may be due to multiple neural pathways that influence PRL secretion converges on the hypothalamus from other parts of the brain; the effect of exercise on the secretion of PRL may also reflect the action of different neural inputs on the activity of the hypothalamic–pituitary axis.

Key word: Exercise; Prolactin.

Abstract: Health filled life is the fundamental right of every child and they are the best asset on which a nation‟s development depends on. Though there is thoughtful actions being undertaken by not only the government and the school authorities but also by the parents in making the children involve in healthful fitness activities the ground truth of the children suffering from lack of health related fitness remains unchanged. Involvement of students in physical activities especially in India with people obsessed with children scoring higher marks in academics and physical education not being the major integral part of our academic curriculum. Fitness being an important aspect of health still remains the most neglected part. Though there is need for the all time Importance to be given for the individual‟s involvement in sports, games or any physical activity, tragically this concept gains momentum only after it comes as a prescription from the medical authority.

Abstract: In order to bring the educational system nearer to the requirements of the people and their vocations the government of the India in consultation with some of the educationists have evolved a new pattern of education called the Basic education system. According to it upto secondary stage there will be two divisions namely, junior basic and higher basic. The ordinary seven or eight years duration programme from class VI to class XII of the secondary stage will be reduced to six years programme and three years higher secondary course. In this connection it was also decided that this system would be implemented gradually and in the first stage one or two schools would be set up in the larger towns and cities of the country.

Abstract: Physical education, sports and recreation for the gifted was the topic dealt with in this article. The concept of physical education as it refers to the body, with reference to various bodily characteristics was also discussed. Academic success and well-being of the gifted with regard to physical education has been stressed,special physical education program for the gifted being exceptional learners was discussed, and special instructional media and resources for the gifted as distinct for sports and games from the modern technology was addressed. Recreation, leisure services, camping and outdoor activities are also areas that were discussed in this work. Recreation and leisure being characterized by five descriptive terms was also addressed. Recreation for the gifted for developing their sophisticated routines in dance, tumbling, gymnastics, apparatus, and synchronized swimming have been discussed in this work. Assessment of the gifted in physical education using variety of methods was also stressed in this work. It was recommended that, classes for the gifted who are high achievers need to be taught by physical educators who know how to design and implement programs for such exceptional students.

Key words: Gifted, Sport, Recreation, Physical education, Learners

Abstract: This paper discussed sports and conflict prevention by looking at the way forward for global peace. Generally conflict is defined as a state of disagreement between persons or group of persons. The major causes are usually differences in opinion, prejudice and discrimination, belief, and access to valued scarce resources. Conflict is an important part of human existence and a natural part of our daily life. Conflict can either be positive or negative depending on how it is handled. Conflict can emanate from various sources, within us, school, home and community or the society at large. Achieving global peace means creating peace within individuals, communities and the society. Sports as a veritable tool for social transformation can be effectively utilized to achieve a certain level of peace among individuals and nations. This paper focused on the possibility of utilizing the values of sports in creating understanding, tolerance, and respect for human dignity, development of moral values and social integration as a vehicle for creating peace among nations. If nations can achieve these qualities, then conflict can be minimized and global peace can be guaranteed. The influence of sports on character formation and social cohesion has direct bearing on peaceful attitudes. The development of emotional fitness, self-esteem, need for recognition, sense of belonging and feelings of anger, hostility and aggression are all met through participation in competitive sports. The sports environment starting with the athletes, coaches, umpires, spectators and vendors should all portray peace and act in a manner the peace can prevail. To prevent conflict and achieve global peace, sport managers, handlers and enthusiasts must develop the capacity to detect conflicting situations among nations and develop strategies in sports to deal with before it erupts.

Abstract: The last three decades or so, it is found that there have certain disputes arising out of functioning of such institutions established by the Minorities. Some of these disputes are even taken to the courts of law and adjunction arising out of these disputes have had some impact. In this view it appears important to take stock of situation in a dispassionate manner. This therefore appears to be good researchable problem as to how minority Institutions are properly using or misusing the immunities guarented to them by legislation under the constitutional provision and also adjucations pronounced in their favour to interpret their immunities and benefits.

Abstract: Aims And Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare maximum oxygen uptake(VO2 max ) between young female athletes and non-athletes and to show the importance of sports for physical fitness. Material & Methods: The present study was carried out in 50 females between the age group of 18-22 yrs. They were divided into to groups, study group (25 athletes) and control group. (25 non-athletes) The maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) was compared between cases and controls by using Queen' college step test.( Harward step test) .

Abstract: The Present study was conducted to find out the impact of playing surface i,e. clay & met motor coordinative ability of male state kabadddi players , to conduct the study,80 male kabaddi players age group 18-25 years . who took part in state level kabaddi tournament ,eare selected as sample. The selection of subjects was done from players of such teams who stood in top four places of state tournament in Chhattisgarh. agility of the selected male kabaddi players was assessed by shuttle run test item of cooper's motor fitness test (1974) .

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a psychological skills training program on psychological skills of female basketball players. These psychological skills consisted of imagery, relaxation, focusing, refocusing, goal setting, competition planning, fear control, and stress reactions. The sample consisted of 12 semi-elite female basketball players from Nasr team in Tehran city that purposely were selected in 2014 (with the mean age of 23/58± 1/67 years old). All Subjects completed the OMSAT-3 questionnaire that has been confirmed by SanatyMonfared& et al. (2006) in Iran. After giving pre-test, the subjects divided in two experimental and control group, and then 12-weeks interventions (including, imagery, relaxation, goal setting, self-talk, and focus training) were done. After 12 weeks, the subjects of two groups completed the OMSAT-3 questionnaire for post-test. Then, the data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics methods. The result of dependent t-test for comparing the pre-test and post-test scores showed that there is a significant difference between scores of pre- and post-test of experimental group (t= 4/98, p<0/01). As a result, it is concluded that, these interventions have positive effects on subscales of foundation skills, psycho-somatic skills, and cognitive skills from pre-test to post-test for experimental group versus control group.
Key words: Psychological skills, Mental training, Imagery, Goal setting, OMSAT-3 Questionnaire, Basketball.

Abstract: Anxiety is an important factor, which affects the performance in sports and games. Anxiety is considered as an obstacle to activity. A person who suffers from anxiety is not able to devote his full energy in the performance. The purpose of this study was to compare the level of state anxiety between university and national level filed hockey players of Uttar Pradesh, India. For the purpose of this investigation 40 male subjects (20 university and 20 national level players) were recruited as subjects of the study. Their age was ranged from 17 to 25 years. To findout the level of anxiety of university and national level players, the state anxiety test developed by Martens (1977) was administered on the subjects. The't' test was employed to analyze the data. Results have revealed that there was no significant difference found between university and national level field hockey players in regard to state anxiety at 0.05 level of confidence.

Keywords: Field Hockey, National and State Anxiety, University

Abstract: Difference between male and female in physical, physiological, motor, psychological, social and emotional dimensions have been confirmed by many researchers time to time (Tanner:1978; Overman & Williams, 2004; Linda, 2005). The causes have been identified as genetic, social and cultural. But, it has also been reported that sex difference does not become prominent before puberty (Gustafsson & Lindenfors, 2008). The purpose of the study was to compare motor fitness status of boys and girls belonging to primary school at a rural setting. 118 boys and girls (9-10 years) were selected as subjects from Bardhaman district, West Bengal. Speed, Cardio-respiratory Endurance, Muscular Strength-Endurance, Flexibility, Agility, Coordination and Anaerobic Power were chosen motor fitness variables for the study.

Abstract: In the age of technological gadgets, music has become more than just background noise at a party. Recent studies have seen that music has a much greater effect than just providing a distraction. Studies conducted by sports psychologists have determined that music has a great impact on the performance level of an athlete. A sports psychologist at Brunel University, Dr. Costas Karageorghis, has done studies to see the results of synchronous music and asynchronous music. Synchronous music, music that has a clear and steady beat, was what was shown to elevate a person's performance by twenty percent whereas asynchronous music, background music, was shown to calm the nerves of athletes by as much as ten percent.

Abstract:The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence of alcohol consumption among commercial drivers in Uyo metropolis. Five research questions and three null hypothesis design was adopted, and the instrument for the study was mainly interview schedules. Due to the transitory nature of drivers in Uyo motor parks, convenient sampling was used to draw 160 drivers who use Uyo motor parks. The descriptive statistics percentage was used to answer the research questions, while chi – square statistics was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. All the drivers interviewed drink alcohol for several reasons. The sale of alcohol in the park and its environs has significant (P< 0.05) influence on their use. There is no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) in the perceived influence of the use of alcohol on health with respect to years of experience and age of drivers. The study was concluded with appropriate recommendation to help the situation.

Key words: alcohol, drivers, prevalence and Uyo.