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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Mutual Homeostatic Regulation Between Natriuretic Peptides And Mineralocorticoids In The Cardiovascular System |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Manoj G Tyagi || Farkhanda Naila Syed || Mahendra Kumar Verma |
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: | 10.9790/3008-1306010104  |
Abstract: The two natriuretic peptides, A-type Natriuretic peptide (ANP), B type Natriuretic peptide (BNP) are released by the heart while C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is mostly expressed in the brain but also by the endothelial cells and heart and they induce natriuresis and have vasodilatory actions. On the other hand, aldosterone released by the adrenal cortex may regulate the release of natriuretic peptides by acting on specific receptors in the heart and increasing the circulating sodium and ECF levels. This article examines the mutually homeostatic regulatory role of natriuretic peptides and aldosterone in maintaining cardiovascular system and other possible biological roles. This may be more relevant in cardiovascular disorders like hypertension and cardiac failure...
Key words: ANP, BNP, CNP, Aldosterone, heart, expression, receptor
[1]. Mukoyama, M., Nakao, K., Hosoda, K., Suga, S., Saito, Y.,Ogawa, Y., Shirakami, G., Jougasaki, M., Obata, K., Yasue, H.et al. (1991) Brain natriuretic peptide as a novel cardiachormone in humans. Evidence for an exquisite dual natriureticpeptide system, atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriureticpeptide. J. Clin. Invest. 87, 1402–1412
[2]. Connell JM, Davies E. The new biology of aldosterone. The Journal of endocrinology. 2005; 186:1–20.
[3]. Lopez-Andres N, Inigo C, Gallego I, Diez J, Fortuno MA. Aldosterone induces cardiotrophin-1 expression in HL-1 adult cardiomyocytes. Endocrinology. 2008; 149:4970–4978
[4]. Tyagi, MG, A Kanikkairaja, E Theograj, D Sukumaran, AB Vimalanathan. NT-pro CNP level estimation; its experimental and clinical relevance.
[5]. Tyagi, MG. Central nervous effects of C type natriuretic peptide and nuclear factor kappa B; implications in cardiovascular stress. Indian Journal of Medical Research and Pharmacological Sciences. 2(5), 19-24, 2015
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Assessment of Undiagonised Type II Diabetes Risk By Using IDRS In Urban Area Of Bhadradri Kothagudem |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | K.Harish Babu || K.Thriveni || Anjum || V.Ramnarayana Reddy || Rajani.G || G.Nagarjuna Reddy |
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: | 10.9790/3008-1306010511 |
Abstract: Objective: To estimate the usefulness of the Indian diabetes risk score for detecting undiagnosed diabetes in the rural area of Bhadradri Kothagudeam ,Telangana. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in the field practice area of The Sigareni Collieries Company Ltd Main Hospital, Kothagudem,Telangana, covering a population of 300 from Dec 2017 to May 2018 by using a predesigned and pretested protocol to find out the prevalence and the risk of diabetes mellitus in general population by using Indian diabetes risk score tool. Results: 300 respondents comprising 152 (50.66%) females and 148 (49.39%) males were studied. Most of the respondents 202(67%) indulged in mild to moderate physical activity. 149(49.64%) individuals were in the overweight category (>25BMI). Out of these overweight persons, 25% had high diabetic risk score. It is observed.........
Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Indian diabetes risk score, rural area, risk factors, obesity
[1]. Ahmed A M. History of diabetes mellitus. Saudi Medicine journal, 2002; 23: 373-378.
[2]. Patlak M. New weapons to combat an ancient disease: Treating diabetes. Federation of American Society for Experimental Biology, 2002; 16(14):1853-1857.
[3]. Votey SR. and Peters AL. Diabetes mellitus type 2. A review, 2014; 4(40) 133-136.
[4]. Fekadu Alemu,Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus Disease and its Association with Level of Education Among Adult Patients Attending at Dilla Referral Hospital, Ethiopia, 2015; 6(4): 1-5.
[5]. Wild S, Roglic G, Green a, Sicree R, King H. Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care, 2004; 27: 1047-1053..
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Comparative Study on Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Clinical Isolates at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in South India |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | S.Sriram || Akshaya.N || Sumiya.M.Varghese || Vaishna.M.S || Vijayshrivel.V || Prasanna R |
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: | 10.9790/3008-1306011224 |
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance is an issue of great significance for public health at global level. The purpose of study is to determine the susceptibility patterns of microrganisms to antibiotics and the prevalence of antibiotic resistance among common pathogens in a tertiary care teaching hospital. The study was conducted in a 1000 bedded multispecialty hospital in South India. The study was carried out in three phases as retrospective, prospective and comparative study. The major organism isolated was Klebsiella followed by Staphylococcus. E.coli and Klebsiella were found to be more sensitive to Amikacin. Specimen in which Klebsiella, Pseudomonas and Streptococcus were found to be more was in sputum. E.coli and Proteus were present more in urine. Staphylococcus........
Key words: Bacteria,Antimicrobial susceptibility,Resistance
[1]. Abate BJ, Barriere SL. Antimicrobial regimen selection. In: Dipiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG, Posey LM. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach.5thed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1993.
[2]. RybakMJ, Jeffrey RA. Laboratory tests to direct antimicrobial pharmacotherapy. In: Dipiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG, Posey LM. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach.5thed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1993
[3]. Lisa SA. PharmacoeconomicsIn: Dipiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG, Posey LM. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach. 5thed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1993.
[4]. Braden RL. Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis. In: Herfindale ET, GourleyDR, Textbook of therapeutics: drug and disease management. 6th ed. Maryland, USA: Williams and Wilkins; 1996.
[5]. Trevor M Speight, Nicholas HG, Holford. Avery's Drug Treatment: Principles and practice of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 4th ed. U.S.A. Wiley-Blackwell; 1997..
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Biological Andchemical Approach In The Management Crown Gall Disease Of Roses Under Greenhouse Conditions |
| Country | : | Kenya |
| Authors | : | GitariJ. M. || Maingi J.M. || Onyango B.O. || Judith M. Gitari |
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: | 10.9790/3008-1306012533 |
Abstract: Objective: Rose is the most popular cut-flower world-wide and in Kenya it accounts for about 38 % in floriculture value chain. However, its production faces significant challenges due to pests and diseases. In particular, crown gall disease caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens is one of its most limiting factors of production. The disease causes substantial yield loss which warrants an urgent need to explore sustainable management options. The management of crown gall in roses currently includes cultural practices and chemical control methods. The study aimed at evaluating the antagonistic activity of naturally occurring Agrobacterium radiobacter isolates from different flower farms in Nanyuki, Naivasha, Murang'a and Timau against Agrobacterium tumefaciens. In addition, Elianto oil, copper hydroxide (kocide 2000) and copper oxychloride were evaluated as chemical control agents.....
Key Words: Rose plants, antagonism, copper kocide, copper oxychloride, Elianto oil, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Agrobacterium radiobacter
[1]. Agrios, G. N. (2005). Plant Pathology; Fifth edition. Elseviewer Academic press, New York, pp.703.
[2]. Arim, (2011). The impact of Agrobacterium tumefaciensand other soil borne disease causing agents of economic importance in production of roses. Proceedings of Video conference on global competitiveness of the flower industry in the East African region. Kenya Development Learning Centre (KDLC) 07th June 2011.
[3]. Beck, D. P., Materon, L. A. and Afandi, F. (1993). Practical Rhizobium legume technology manual. Manual No.9. International center for Agricultural Research in Dry areas, Allepo. pp 8-13.
[4]. Benjama, A., Redwane A., EI Gadda M., EI Medraoui L., Ouzrit M., Boussad L, E L-Quard R. and Nesme, X. (2002). First result on biological control with strains K84 and K1026 of Agrobacterium radiobacter var. tumefacienscausing crown gall on fruit trees and roses in Morocco. Bulletin OEPP 32(3): 309-314.
[5]. Bertani, G. (2004). "Lysogeny at mid-twentieth century: P1, P2 and other experimental systems" Journal of Bacteriology, 186: 595-600.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Anti Trypanosomal Activity of Crude Extracts Of Endophytic Fungi (Acremonium Sp.) Isolated From Ocimum Gratisimum Leaf. |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Malala, A.U. || Dayyiba, A.M. || Machina, I.B |
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: | 10.9790/3008-1306013437 |
Abstract: Trypanosomiasis is a parasitic disease that affects both humans and animals. It is caused by the parasitic protozoan, trypanosome,. The development of a vaccine for the treatment of the disease is becoming increasingly complicated due to the problem of antigenic variation, thus the reliance on chemotherapeutic agents to control the disease.Drugs derived from natural sources play an important role in the avoidance and treatment of human diseases.Recent studies have shown a variety of health properties of endophytic fungal extract. The ethylaceted and the methanolic extraction were carried out. The bioactive fungal extract was tested invitro on Trypanosoma brucei brucei (federe strain). The in vitro assessment of Acremonium sp extract show graded trypanocidal activity at different concentrations with LC50of0.204, as indicated in the table of percentile. It also shows that as the concentration Increase the mortality also increases.
Key wordsTrypanosome Endophytic Brucei Acremonium.
[1]. Ahmed Y.O. (1993) "Bank of north pamphlets of Agricultue financing. Various circulars and policy guidline on Agriculture financing".European scientific J oct ed. Vol 8 NO 22 ISSN 1857-7881.
[2]. Baba, M.S., Zin, N.M., Hassan, Z.A., Latip, J., Pethick, F., Hunter, I.S., Edrada-Ebel, R. and Herron, P.R. (2015). In vivo antimalarial activity of the endophytic actinobacteria, Streptomyces, SUK J Microbiol. 53(12) [3]. Campos, F.F., Sales, Junior,P.A., Romanha, A.J. and Cota, B.B. (2015). Feb Bioactive endophytic fungi isolated from Caesalpinia echinata Lam. (Brazilwood) and identification of beauvericin as a trypanocidal metabolite from Fusarium sp. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz;110(1)
[4]. De Bok Frank A.M, Altons J.M. Stams, Caroline M. Plagge. (2006). Exocellular electron transfer in an aerobic microbial communities. Enviromentak microbiology, vol 8, issue 3.
[5]. De Hoog, G. S., J. Guarro, J. Gene´, and M. J. Figueras.( 2000). Atlas of clinical fungi, 2nd ed.Central bureau voor Schimmel cultures, Utrecht, Netherlands/University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Androgenic And Antioxidant Activity Of Stelleria Media On Rat Following Sub-Chronic Exposure To Dichlorvos |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Mercy Iboroma || Eme Efioanwan Orlu || Nwabueze Ebere || Adetutu Olubunmi Obulor |
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: | 10.9790/3008-1306013846 |
Abstract: This study aimed at investigating the possible use of Stelleria media as an antioxidant to ameliorate vital organ damage and spermatogenesis impairment induced by Dichlorvos following sub-chronic exposure of Sprague-Dawley rats at 25mg/kg/bw/day. The result revealed 10.73% loss in bodyweight, 20.16% loss in liver weight, 32.21% of testes weight, 29.91% epididymal weight indicative of systemic toxicity, damage to liver hepatocytes and reproductive organs respectively. Aspartate Transaminase and Alkaline Phosphatase were significantly (p˂ 0.05) elevated during the treatment period above control coupled with 14.53% Glucose reduction. Also elevated (p<0.05) were serum...........
Key words: androgenic, Dichlorovos, hepatocytes, Stellaria media, Spermatogenesis
[1]. Bhawana, S., Priyanka S., Joshi, S.C. (2017). Ameliorating effects of Aqueous Extract of Zingiber officinale Against Dichlorvos Induced Liver Toxicity in Male Albino Rats. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research; 45(2): 173-181.
[2]. Ojo, O.A., Oyinloye, B.E., Ajiboye, B.O., Ojo, A.B., Akintayo, C.O., Okezie, B. (2014) Dichlorvos Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rat Kidney: Protective Effects of Alstonia Boonei Stem Bark Extract. International Journal of Pharmacognosy; 1(7): 429-437.
[3]. Abu ElSaad, A.M., Ibrahim, M.M., Hazani, A.A., ElGaaly G.A. (2016).Lycopene attenuates dichlorvos induced oxidative damage and hepatotoxicity in rats. Human and Experimental Toxicology; 35(6): 654-665.
[4]. Zeycan, Y., Ismail C., Vedat, T. (2009). Hematotoxic and hepatotoxic effects of dichlorvos at sublethal dosages in rats. Environmental Toxicology; 24(2): 128-132.
[5]. Edem, V.F., Owoeye O., Akinyoola B.S., Rahaman S., Akang E.E., Arinola, G.O. (2012). Histological changes in liver and lungs of rats exposed to dichlorvos before and after vitamin supplementation. European Journal of Anatomy; 16(3):190-198.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (Case Presentation) |
| Country | : | Saudi Arabia |
| Authors | : | Terad Talmesany M.D |
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: | 10.9790/3008-1306014748 |
Abstract: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is an uncommon but potentially fatal adverse effect of neuroleptic drugs. It is commonly characterized by muscular rigidity, fever, altered mental status, and autonomic dysfunction. Its pathophysiology is not clearly understood, but the blockade of dopamine receptors appears to be the central mechanism. The presented case is for a patient who suffered from severe depression and was getting worse despite being on treatment. Being on many neuroleptic medications of high dosages and presenting with agitation and being combative against the medical staff in the Emergency Department, the patient got exposed to high doses of antipsychoticmedications. The patient condition got complicated with NMS and multi-organ failure due to undiagnosed severe Aortic stenosis and cardiogenic shock.
[1]. Viejo, L. F., Morales, V., Puñal, P., Pérez, J. L., & Sancho, R. A. (2003). Risk factors in neuroleptic malignant syndrome. A case-control study. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica,107(1), 45-9.
[2]. Diedler, J., Mellado, P., & Veltkamp, R. (2008). Endovascular cooling in a patient with neuroleptic malignant syndrome.Journal of the neurological sciences, 264(1-2), 163-165.
[3]. Gómez-Esteban, J. C., Barcena, J., Forcadas, M., Somme, J., Agundez, M., Tijero, B., & Zarranz, J. J. (2009). Neuroleptic malignant syndrome and serotonin syndrome in a female patient: a clinicopathologic case. Clinical neuropharmacology, 32(5), 299-300.
[4]. Ananth, J., Aduri, K., Parameswaran, S., & Gunatilake, S. (2004). Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: risk factors, pathophysiology, and treatment. Acta neuropsychiatrica, 16(4), 219–228..
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Combined Ethanol Leaf Extract of Sour Sop (Anonna Muricata) and Jackfruit (Artocarpus Heterophyllus) Leaves Amelioratesstreptozotocin Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Wistar Albino Rats |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | C.L Onuah || A.A Uwakwe || F.C Anacletus |
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: | 10.9790/3008-1306014960 |
Abstract: Type 2 diabetes results from the inability of islet cells of the pancreas to produce insulin which regulates blood sugar. A lot of natural products have proven effective in the treatment of diabetes mellitus due to their rich phytochemical contents. Fifty-six(56) rats were given high fat diet (HFD) and 35mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin intraperitoneally to induce type 2 diabetes. The combined effects of A. muricata and A. heterophyllus on the blood glucose levels, amylase, liver function and the kidney function were analysed. The rats were treated with 100 and 200mg/kg body weight of combined ethanol extract of A. muricata and A. Heterophyllus, 200 mg/kg body weight ofethanol extract of A. muricata and A. Heterophyllusuncombined and 50 mg/kg body weight of metformin........
Key words: A. muricata,A. Heterophyllus, streptozotocin, diabetes mellitus, metformin, synergestic
[1]. George VC, Kumar DN, Suresh PK, Kumar RA. Antioxidant, DNA protective efficacy and HPLC analysis of Annona muricata (soursop) extracts. Journal of food science and technology. 2015;52(4):2328-35.
[2]. Ragasa CY, Galian RF, Shen CC. Chemical constituents of Annona muricata. Der Pharma Chemica, 2014; 6(6): 382-387.
[3]. Gavamukulya Y, Abou-Elella F, Wamunyokoli F, AEl-Shemy H. Phytochemical screening, anti-oxidant activity and in vitro anticancer potential of ethanolic and water leaves extracts of Annona muricata (Graviola). Asian Pacific Journal of tropical medicine, 2014; 7, 355-363.
[4]. Usunomena U, Paulinus ON. Phytochemical analysis and mineral composition of Annona muricata leaves. Magnesium, 201: 9619:801.
[5]. Haro G, Utami N P, Sitompul E. Study Of The Antibacterial Activities Of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaves. International Journal of PharmTech Research, 2014; 6(2), 575-581.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | In-vitro anticancer activity of Chlorophytum tuberosumand Lagenaria siceraria |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | KailaspatiPrabhakar Chittam || TusharAtmaram Deshmukh |
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: | 10.9790/3008-1306016166 |
Abstract: Both Chlorophytum tuberosum B. and Lagenaria siceraria are rich in antioxidant secondary metabolites like saponin, triterpenoids and flavonoids. Cytotoxicity and or anticancer activity of antioxidant phytochemicals like steroidal and triterpenoidal saponins, flavonoids is well elaborated in literature. Hence, aim of present study is to screen these plants for in-vitro anticancer activity against human cell lines MCF-7, HeLa, COLO-205, Hep-G2 and HL-60..
Key words: Chlorophytum tuberosum, flavonoids, Lagenaria siceraria, SRB assay, saponin
[1]. Sultana S, Asif HM, Nazar HM, Akhtar N, Rehman JU, Rehman RU. Medicinal plantscombating against cancer--a green anticancer approach. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev., 15(11), 2014, 4385-94.
[2]. Patil VN, Deokule SS. Pharmacognostic study of Chlorophytum tuberosum Baker. Int J Ayurveda Res.1(4),2010, 237-42.
[3]. Narasimhan S, Govindarajan R, Vijayakumar M, Mehrotra S. Free radical scavenging potential of Chlorophytum tuberosum Baker. J Ethnopharmacol. 2006, 10(3), 423-428.
[4]. Deore S. L. Khadbadi S.S., In vitro antioxidant activity of Lagenaria siceraria, Rasayan Journal, 2(1), 2009, 129-132.
[5]. Gupta G.L, Parmar S.K., Immunomodulatory effects of Lagenaria siceraria fruits in rats Pharmacognosy Magazine, 4(16),2008,234 -238.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Biosynthesis and characterisation of zinc doped iron oxide nanoparticles from pedalium murex and its new avenues in pharmacological applications |
| Country | : | INDIA |
| Authors | : | K.Krishnaveni || A.S. Sakthi athithan || J.Jeyasundari || Y.Brightson Arul Jacob || D.Renuga |
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: | 10.9790/3008-1306016774 |
Abstract: Biosynthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles gains attention over the past decades due to its ecofriendly nature and provides nanoparticles with controlled size and shape. In the present work, zinc doped iron oxide nanoparticles was synthesized by co-precipitation method using pedalium murex leaf extract as reducing agent and capping agent. The resulting nano-particles were characterized by UV-Vis, FTIR techniques. XRD analysis shows that synthesized ZnIONPs are in hematite phase, rhombohedral in structure. The antimicrobial and anti diabetic activities of synthesized ZnIONPs are analysed by disc diffusion and pancreatic α-amy method and it shows that high level of inhibition..
Key words: Anti- diabetic, Anti-microbial, Co-precipitation, Pedalium murex, ZnIONPs
[1]. L. Machala, R. Zboril and A. Gedanken, Amorphous iron (III) oxide-A review, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 111(16), 2007, 4003-4018 .
[2]. S. Sakurai, A. Namai, K. Hashimoto and S.J. Ohkoshi, First observation of phase transformation of all four Fe2O3 phases (γ ε β α- phase), Journal of the American Chemical Society, 131(51), 2009, 18299-18303.
[3]. N.D. Phu, D.T. Ngo, L.H. Hoang, N.H. Luong, N. Chau and N.H. Hai, Crystallization process and magnetic properties of amorphous iron oxide nanoparticles, Journal of physics D : Applied Physics, 44(34), 2011, 345002-345008.
[4]. R.M. Cornell, U. Schwertmann, The iron oxides: structure, properties, reactions, occurrences and uses (John Wiley & Sons, 2003).
[5]. F. Bødker, M.F Hansen, C.B. Koch, K. Lefmann, S. Mørup, Magnetic properties of hematite nanoparticles, Physical Review B , 61(10), 2000, 6826-6838..
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Bioremediation of hazardous Heavy Metals from solutions or soil using living or dead microbial biomass |
| Country | : | Saudi Arabia |
| Authors | : | Magda M. Aly || Nourah Alzahrani || Reda H. Amashah || Samyah D. Jastaniah |
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: | 10.9790/3008-1306017580 |
Abstract: Among the different pollutants found on the earth, heavy metals are of environmental and public health concerns due to their high toxicities and their presence in soil decrease its quality and plant growth and development. Crops or air contaminations with heavy metal influenced human health and caused many health problems due to their accumulated in the human body and in the food chains. Removal of heavy metal from the soil or the environment is of great concern. Plants and microbial removal of heavy metals from soil or solutions is effective, eco-friendly and low coast treatment. Dead or alive microbes have various mechanisms for metal removal. This review is about heavy metals importance, sources, remediation technologies and mechanisms of resistance..
Key words: Heavy metals, bioremediation, remediation, resistance
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[2]. Adriano D. 2001. Trace elements in terrestrial environments—biochemistry, bioavailability and risks of metals (pp. 411–458). USA: Springer Verlag.
[3]. Ali H, Khan E, Sajad MA. 2013. Phytoremediation of heavy metals—concepts and applications. Chemosphere 91:869-881.
[4]. Anand P, Isar J, Saran S, Saxena RK. 2006. Bioaccumulation of copper by Trichoderma viride. Bioresource technology 97:1018-1025.
[5]. Argun ME, Dursun S, Ozdemir C, Karatas M. 2007. Heavy metal adsorption by modified oak sawdust: Thermodynamics and kinetics. Journal of hazardous materials 141:77-85.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Preparation of Papers for IEEE Computer Society TRANSACTIONS (revised November 2012) |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Priyanka Dutta |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-1306018186 |
Abstract: These instructions give you guidelines for preparing papers for IEEE Computer Society Transactions. Use this document as a template if you are using Microsoft Word 6.0 or later. Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. Please note that use of IEEE Computer Society templates is meant to assist authors in correctly formatting manuscripts for final submission and does not guarantee how the final paper will be formatted by IEEE Computer Society staff. This template may be used for initial submissions; however, please consult the author submission guidelines for formatting instructions as most journals prefer single column format for peer review. An abstract should be 100 to 200 words for regular papers, no more than 50 words for short papers and comments, and should clearly state the nature and significance of the paper. Abstracts must not include mathematical expressions or bibliographic references. Please note that abstracts are formatted as left justified in our editing template (as shown here........
Key words: should be taken from the taxonomy (http://www.computer.org/mc/keywords/keywords.htm). Keywords should closely reflect the topic and should optimally characterize the paper. Use about four key words or phrases in alphabetical order, separated by commas (there should not be a period at the end of the index terms)
[1] J.S. Bridle, "Probabilistic Interpretation of Feedforward Classification Network Outputs, with Relationships to Statistical Pattern Recognition," Neuro-computing—Algorithms, Architectures and Applications, F. Fogelman-Soulie and J. Herault, eds., NATO ASI Series F68, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 227-236, 1989. (Book style with paper title and editor)
[2] W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems. Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth, pp. 123-135, 1993. (Book style)
[3] H. Poor, "A Hypertext History of Multiuser Dimensions," MUD History, http://www.ccs.neu.edu/home/pb/mud-history.html. 1986. (URL link *include year)
[4] K. Elissa, "An Overview of Decision Theory," unpublished. (Unpublished manuscript)
[5] R. Nicole, "The Last Word on Decision Theory," J. Computer Vision, submitted for publication. (Pending publication)