IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-12 ~ Issue-8 ~ August 2018

Abstract: Background: Waste is an unwanted useless, rubbish or discarded materials after its primary use is achieved, waste becomes one among the major factors that contribute to high rate of morbidity and mortality in African societies because it serve as a place wherealot of vectors and other pathogenic organism breed apart from air, water and land pollution. Kaduna state is one among the 36 states of Nigeria and Kaduna metropolis is the state capital of Kaduna state were different types of solid waste is been generated by individuals, households, factories, industries, institutions and other various commercial organizations within the metropolis. Aim: the major aim of the study is to ascertain as well as evaluate the solid waste management sustainability in Kaduna metropolis. Objectives of the..........

Key. Waste. KEPA. Service Providers. Sustainability. Management

[1]. Agresti, A. (2007) An Introduction to Categorical Data Analysis, 2nd ed., New York: John Wiley & Sons. Page 38.
[2]. B.N. Aliyu, "An analysis of municipal solid waste in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria," J.Hum Ecol., vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 111-119, 2010.
[3]. Beatrice Abila and JussiKantolaTWorld Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
[4]. G.M. Ayininuola, M.A. Muibi, "An engineering approach to solid waste collection system: Ibadan North as case study," Waste Management, vol. 28, pp. 1681-1687, 2008.
[5]. Hope, A. C. A. (1968) A simplified Monte Carlo significance test procedure. J. Roy, Statist. Soc. B 30, 582–598..

Abstract: Footwear industries in Bangladesh are considered as a potential sector to get a strong economic status in export era. Worker's health issues as well as workplace environment have to give priority unconditionally, to keep the incremental development of this sector. Footwear manufacturing process involves exposed to a number of hazardous compounds such as volatile organic compounds, hydrocarbons, toxic organic solvents, adhesives, shoe polishes, noise, over temperature, inadequate lighting and ergonomics risks which may lead to respiratory problem, eye irritation, asthma, pain in different parts of human body, hearing loss and so on. In this study, an experiment has conducted using specific questionnaire over400 workers (different category) and supervisors from selected twenty footwear industries in Bangladesh. The results have shown that adverse health effect among the participants...........

Keywords: Footwear Industry, Workplace, VOCs, Health.

[1]. D. Workman, Leather Shoes Exports by Country, http://www.worldstopexports.com/leathershoes-exports-country/, September 18, 2017.
[2]. A Jaiswal, A study of the occupational health function among female textile workers, International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, Vol. 3 No 3, 109-114, March 2011.
[3]. Rosenstock L, Cullen M, Fingerhut M, Occupational Health in Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, New York, USA, 1127-1145, 2006.
[4]. W. A. Khan, T. Mustaq, A. Tabassum, Occupational health, safety and risk analysis, International Journal of Science, Environment and Technology, Vol. 3, No 4, 1336 – 1346, 2014.
[5]. S. Gangopadhyay, T. Ara, S. Dev, G. Ghoshal, T. Das, An Occupational Health Study of the Footwear Manufacturing Workers of Kolkata, India, Ethno Med, Vol. 5, No 1, 11-15, 2011.

Abstract: The present study is an endeavor aimed to collect and identify the medicinal plants grown inEasternregion of Libya, the study is extended to explore the traditional medicine of these plants. The use value(VU),treat value (VT) and Informant consensus factor (ICF) of these plants were calculated and discussed. Current data revealed that the total number of medicinal plants surveyed in the region was 179 species, belonging to 166 genera and 72 families. Ethnobotanical studies of medicinal plants showed that the highest use value are recorded by Helichrysum stoechas with 80% of the total number of interviewers, followed by Juniperus phoenicea with 74% and Thymus capitatus with 72%. Rosmarinus officinalis and Seriphidium herba-album attained a percentage of about 70% of the total number of interviewers, while the maximum treat value (10.9%) recorded by Globularia alypum, Thymus capitatus (10.4%), Peganum harmala and Urtica urens (8.3%) each, and Rosmarinus officinalis (7.8%) of the total number of diseases. The highest ICF (0.48) is scored for the digestive system, including ailments like constipation, gastritis, and ulcer. The simple formula is the most dominant herbal formula in the study area..........

Keywords: Taxonomy– Flora of Libya - Medicinal plants – Ethnobotany- Cyrenaica

[1]. Almeida, C. F.; Amorim, E.L.C.; Albuquerque, U. P. and Maia, M.B.S. (2006). Medicinal plants popularly used in the Xingó region – a semi-arid location in Northeastern Brazil. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine Vol. 2:15.
[2]. Kobasi, H. (1993). (In Arabic) Dictionary of Herbs and Medicinal Plants. Scientific Book House, Beirut, Lebanon, pp.566.
[3]. El-Mokasabi, F. (2014). Floristic composition and traditional uses of plant species at wadi Alhuf, Al-Jabal Al-Akhder, American-Eurasian J.Agric. & Environ.Sci., 14 (8): 685-697.
[4]. Boulos, L. (1970). Medicinal herbs in Libya. Al-Hasad 16, Esso Standard Libya Incorporation Publication, Beirut, Lebanon.
[5]. Al-Sodany Y.M.; Shehata M.N. and Shaltout K.H. (2003). Vegetation along an elevation gradient in El-Jabal El-Akhdar, Libya. Ecologia Mediterranea Vol. 2 (125- 138)...

Abstract: The aim of this study, was to evaluate nutritive potential of composite flours of wheat (Triticumaestivum) and taro corms (Colocasiaesculenta) cv fouê and yatan. Moisture and ash contents of composite flours of wheat and taro (cvyatan) increased significantly and were respectively 11.66 ± 0.46 to 11.83 ± 0.23, 2.18 ± 0.02 to 3.60 ± 0.06. Protein values (12.71 ± 0.3 to 11.90 ± 0.83), lipids (1.16 ± 0.07 to 1.12 ± 0.07), carbohydrates (72.51 ± 0.85 to 71.55 ± 0.79) and cellulose (2.24 ± 0.07 to1.03 ± 0.07) decreased significantly. Moisture contents (11.66 ± 0.46 to 11.83 ± 0.23), ash (2.18 ± 0.02 to 3.60 ± 0.06), lipids (0.98 ± 0.16 to 1.13 ± 0.08) and total sugars (5.90 ± 0.08 to 9.44..........

Keywords: Colocasia esculenta, Composite flours,Triticumaestivum, Nutritional value

[1]. Abdelghafor, R. F., Mustafa, A. I., Ibrahim, A. M. H. and Krishnan, P. G. (2011).Quality of bread from composite flour of sorghum and hard white winter wheat. Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology 3: 9-15.
[2]. Abd-El-Haleem SHM, Reham MA, Mohamed SMS, Abdel-Aal ESM, Sosulski FW, Hucl P, (1998). Origins, characteristics and potentials of ancient wheats. Cereal Foods World, 43: 708–715.
[3]. Aboubakar.,Njintang Y. N., Scher J., Mbofung C. M. F. (2008). Physicochemical thermal properties and microstructure of six varieties of taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) flours and starches.Journal Food Engineering.86: 294–305.
[4]. Adams ML, Lombi E, Zhao FJ, McGrath SP, (2002).Evidence of low selenium concentrations in UK bread-making wheat grain.Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 82: 1160–1165.
[5]. AOAC.(1990). Association of Official Analytical Chemists.Official Methods of Analysis..

Abstract: This work concerns chemical constituents and morphology of total particulate matter (TPM) using scanning electron microscope SEM, coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The samples of TPM are collected in Qena city, upper Egypt during the period from June 2016 to January 2017. Results indicated that the average mass concentration of total suspended particulate matter was 158.3 ± 40.1 μg/m3, the winter average value was 182.5 μg/m3, whilethe summer average value was 132.5 μg/m3. In the entire study period TPM particles have irregular, spherical and aggregated shapes. Elemental analysis indicates that C, Si and Ca were the abundant elements in the particles followed by Al, Na and Fe amongst all the elements. Carbon soot particles were the dominants with........

Keywords: Total particulate matter, Morphology, Elemental analysis, Qena, Egypt

[1] S. Johan, "Study of Satellite Retrieved Aerosol Optical Depth Spatial Resolution Effect on Particulate Matter Concentration Prediction," Lulea University of Technology Study, 2014.
[2] S. Behera, "Estimation of Aerosol Optical Depth using MODIS satellite data and its relation with particulate matter concentration in the mining regions," National Institute of Technology Rourkela, 2016.
[3] R. D. Willis, F. T. Blanchard, and T. L. Conner, "Guidelines for the application of SEM/EDX analytical techniques to particulate matter samples," EPA. Washington, US, 2002.
[4] J. M. Bernabé, M. I. Carretero, and E. Galán, "Mineralogy and origin of atmospheric particles in the industrial area of Huelva (SW Spain)," Atmos. Environ., vol. 39, no. 36, pp. 6777–6789, Nov. 2005.
DOI:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.07.073.
[5] B. Laongsri, "Studies of the properties of particulate matter in the UK atmosphere.," University of Birmingham, 2013..

Abstract: The concentrations of lead, cadmium, chromium copper, zinc and iron in vegetables (pumpkin and bitter leaf) and garri at some locations in Port Harcourt were determined using Perkin Elmer AS 3100 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results showed that in pumpkin the highest mean concentration was 911.3l6ppm Fe and the least concentration was <0.00lppm Cr; in bitter leaf the highest mean concentration was 1233.210ppm Zn and the least mean concentration was <0.001ppm Cr; in garri the highest mean concentration was 31.060ppm Fe while the least concentration was 0.001ppm in Pb, Cd and Cr .The highest mean concentration was 260.815ppm..........

Keywords: Food stuff, Heavy metals, Pumpkin, Bitter leaf, Garri, Nigeria

[1]. Abdullahi, M.S., Uzairu, A and Okunola, O.J. (2008). Determination for Some trace metals levels in Onion leaves from irrigated farmlands on the banks of River Challawa, Nigeria. African Journal of Biotechnoloy 7(l0):1526 – 1529.
[2]. Abdullahi, M.S., Uzairu, A., Harrison, G.F.S and Balarabe, M.L. (2007). Trace metals screening of tomato and Onions from irrigated farmlands on the bank of River. Challawa, Kano, Nigeria. Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry (3):1869-1878.
[3]. Afshar, M, Ghazaei, S and Saad, E. (2000). Determination of Cadmium in Amol and Thailand rice, 4th International Iranina Congress on Poisoning Tehran, Iran Available in the http//www.irandoc.c.ir.
[4]. Akaninowor. J.O: Onyeka. E.N; Ifemeje, J.C. (2006). Trace Metal levels in. Raw and heat Processed Nigerian staple foods from oil-producing Areas of Rivers and Bayelsa States. Journal of Application Science and Environmental Management 10(2) 23 - 27.
[5]. Anthony, P.U; Essien, D.U and Bassey S.A (1999). Heavy metals contents of periwinkle (Types Panotonus Fuscatus) from different aquatic environments in Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria in relation with water and sediment. Global Journal of Pure and Applied Science 5(2): 189-193..

Abstract: The research aimed to find out the proper application of Trichodermasp biodiversity to control Fusarium wilt disease on shallot plants. The study was conducted from July to September 2016, housed in the screen house of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Medan Area and the laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra. The design used was Randomized Complete (RAL) non factorial with treatment factor that is Tricho Zia 1.0 WS application which consist of 5 treatment levels, namely: 1) T0 (+) = (No Tricho Zia 1.0 WS and Fusarium oxysporum) ; 2) T0 treatment (-) = (Without the application of Tricho Zia 1.0 WS and Fusarium oxysporum); 3) T1 treatment ((immersed tuber with concentration of Tricho Zia 1.0 WS 5 gr / liter of water / m ^ 2 of land); 4) treatment..........

Keywords: percentage of attack; concentration; Tricho Zia; antagonist

[1]. Affandi, M., Ni'matuzahroh., and Supriyanto , A. (2001). Diversitas dan Visualisasi Karakter Jamur yang Berasosiasi dengan proses degradasi Serasah di Lingkungan Mangrove. Tersedia:http://www.journal.unair.ac.id 26 Oktober 2016
[2]. BPS Sumatra Utara (2014), Luas Panen, Produksi, dan Rata-Rata Produksi Bawang Merah. http://sumut.bps.go.id . Diakses 12 Maret 2016.
[3]. Cook, R, J, and K, F, Baker, 1989, The Nature on Practice of Biological Control of Plant Pathogens, ABS press, The American Phytopathological Society, St, Paul, Minesota 539 p.
[4]. Juanda, I. F., 2009. Potensi Rhizobacteri sebagai Agen Biofungisida untuk Pengendalian Jamur Fitopatogen Fusarium sp. Jurusan Biologi Program studi Biologi (Non Kependidikan) Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI) Regional Sales Office (RSO): Bandung-Jawa Barat.
[5]. Nugroho, B., D. Astriani, dan W. Mildaryani. 2011. Variasi virulensi isolat Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cepae pada beberapa varietas bawang merah. Jurnal Agrin. Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas Jendral Soedirman.Purwokerto.15 : 8-17.

Abstract: With capture fisheries output being threatened by overfishing and dwindling stocks, a long term vision for the supply of fish to the worlds growing population is aquaculture. However, the issue of fish feeds remains one of the challenges facing the aquaculture sector where the sources for most of the ingredients used for fish feed formulation are the same as those used for human consumption. Hence, a strategic focus for aquaculture must be to derive new sources, primarily taken from outside the human food chain, and to derive them mainly from primary producers for example marine algae (seaweeds). However, the use of seaweeds as animal feed is, among others, determined by their heavy metal status. U. rigida and H. opuntia are some of the seaweed species primarily used in........

Keywords: Aquaculture, Fish feeds, Halimeda opuntia, Heavy metals, Seaweeds, Ulva rigida

[1]. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture contributing to food security and nutrition for all. Rome, FAO 2016, pp 200
[2]. J.N. Kumar, B. Meghan, R.N. Kumar, Distribution and biochemical constituents if different seaweeds collected from Okha coast, Gujarat, India, Indian journal of geomarine sciences 46 (02), 2017, 349-357.
[3]. L.M.P. Valente, A. Gouveia, P. Rema, J. Matos, E.F. Gomes and I. S. Pinto, ―Evaluation of three seaweeds Gracilaria bursa-pastoris, Ulva rigida and Gracilaria cornea as dietary ingredients in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles, Aquaculture, 252, 2006, 86-91.
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Abstract: Introduction: House provides a physical framework in which human, social, economic and cultural resources are realized, enriched and integrated. In the traditional African setting, a house is one of the greatly cherished material properties. This is partly due to other vital cultural functions of houses which include protection of family cohesion and values, taking care of aged through extended family system, properties for inheritance and preservation of ancestral values among others. In developing countries such as Nigeria, the major factors that cause morbidity and mortality are traceable to factors arising from poor environmental sanitation. Poor housing sanitation, coupled with rapid increase in population in the urban and rural centers have encouraged the preponderance........

[1]. Achi, L. B. (2000). Waste management in Kaduna state – "A collective approach" Paper presented at industrial Pollution Abatement Committee (IPAC) with Kaduna Environmental Protection Agency (KEPA), March 2000, Kaduna
[2]. Achi, L. B. (2002). Effective collection, transportation and hygienic disposal of solid waste in Kaduna State. Paper presented at the training workshop on waste management organized by FGN/UNDP/Kaduna State in collaboration with Janz Investment Limited at Federal Livestock Department and Pest Control Services, Kaduna 26 –29th February, 2002.
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[4]. Adewole, O. (1982). Waste disposal and environment.New Nigerian Newspaper of Wednesday March 31, (1999) Pp. 7 Brian L. (1982).Community Health and Social Services.Published by Hodder and Stoughton London Sydrey Auckland Toronto. Pp 130 – 139.
[5]. Ahmed, M. and Adewale, O. (1994). Environmental Law and Sustainable Development in Nigeria, Institute of Advance Legal Studies, Lagos..

Abstract: The study investigated the concentrations of heavy metals in water and selected fish species of River Okpokwu. Chromium (Cr) and Lead (Pb) were all below instrument detection limit in water and fish samples across the three stations in the two season while, (0.03±0.01 and 0.02±0.00) in dry and rainy season respectively with a mean value of 0.01±0.00 in both seasons. Iron (Fe) was highest at station A (3.95±0.03 and 0.37±0.02) but lowest at station B (0.81±0.01 and 0.25±0.01) for dry and rainy season respectively. Cd was beyond detection limit for all samples and in all body part except in the liver of C. gariepinus and was higher (0.06±0.09) in dry season. Copper (Cu) was below instrument detection limit for water at stations A and B in both seasons but was detected at station.........

[1]. Ahmad, A. K., Mushrifah, I. and Othman, M. S. (2009). Water Quality and Heavy Metal Concentrations in Sediment of Sungai Kelantal, Kelantal Malaysia: A base Line Study.Sains Malaysiana, 38 (4): 435 – 442.
[2]. Ajana, A. M; Adekoya, B.B; Olunuya O. A. and Ayankanuwo J.O. (2006). Practical fish farm Alliance Community Information Nigeria. Pp 88.
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Abstract: Damage of some building materials caused by microbial activity resulting to deterioration or degradation has been studied extensively. Many studies have examined the colonization of different building materials by various organisms while other research has determined different level of damage by measuring changes in the physical properties. Fungal growth in damp or water-damaged buildings worldwide is an increasing problem, which has adverse effects on both the occupants and the buildings. In this investigation, scrapings of the following: (i) burnt brick, (ii). concrete wall, (iii). aluminium sheets, (iv). wood, (v). laterite stabilizers and (vi). asbestors were used as samples for..........

Keywords: Filamentous Fungi, Building Materials, Biodegradation, Biodeterioration.

[1]. Andersen, B, Frisvad, JC, Søndergaard, I, Rasmussen, IbS, Larsen, LS. Associations between fungal species and water-damaged building materials. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2011;77, 4180-4188.
[2]. Anna, K, Katarzyna, R, Anna, O, Małgorzata, P, Alina, KS, Bogumił, B, Paulina, NK, Marta, K, Beata, G. Protection of Historical Wood against Microbial Degradation—Selection and Application of Microbiocides. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;17(8): 1364
[3]. Aviam O, Bar, NG, Zeiri, Y, Sivan, A. Accelerated biodegradation of cement by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria as a bioassay for evaluating immobilization of low-level radioactive waste. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004;70:6031–6036.
[4]. Bastidas-Arteaga, E, Sánchez-Silva, M, Chateauneuf, A, Ribas-Silva, M. Coupled reliability model of biodeterioration, chloride ingress and cracking for reinforced concrete structures. Struct Saf. 2008;30:110–129.
[5]. Bertron A, Escadeillas G, Duchesne J. Cement paste alteration by liquid manure organic acids: chemical and mineralogical characterization. Cement Concrete Res. 2004;34:1823–1835..

Abstract: This study was carried out with reference to two criteria air pollutants (NO2 and O3) and was focused mainly on quantitative estimation of gaseous emission from automobiles and industries for selected locations in Kogi Metropolis. Air quality monitoring was conducted from 7am to 5pm twice a week for the pollutants in the chosen locations also traffic count was observed during the sampling. Theselected locations for this study were Kogi state University Anyigba, West African Ceramics Ajaokuta, Ganaja Junction Lokoja and Dangote Cement Factory Obajana.Air samples were collected at each sampling location by passing ambient air into a glass impinger of a fabricated air sampling train containing absorbents for trapping the air pollutants (NO2 and O3), at a flow-rate of.........

Keywords: Air Pollutants, NAAQS, EPA, USEPA, Sampling train, Absorbents, Sampling Locations.

[1]. Okunola, O. J., Uzairu, A., Gimba C. E. and Ndukwe, G. IAssessment of Gaseous pollutants along High Traffic Roads in Kano Nigeria.International Journal of Environment and Sustainability.2012;1(1):140–153.
[2]. Ibe, F C. Njoku P.C. Alinnor, J.andOpara A.I,.Evaluation of Ambient Airquality in parts of Imo state, Nigeria. ResearchJournal of Chemical Sciences. 2016;6(1):41-52
[3]. Ojo O., S, and Awokola, O., SInvestigation of Air Pollution from Automobiles at Intersections on Some Selected Major Roads inOgbomoso. Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering. 2012; 1(1): 2278-1684
[4]. Abam, F.I. and Unachukwu, G.O.Vehicular emissions and air quality standards in Nigeria.European Journal of. Scientific. Research.2009; 34: 550-552
[5]. Abdul Raheem, A.M.O Adekola, F.A. and Obioh, I, B Airpollution,: A Case Study of Ilorin and Lagos Outdoor Air, Nigeria.. Bull Chem. Society of Ethiopian 2009;23(3):383-390.

Abstract: Free Thyroxine (FT4) level is one of the parameters that can be used in the diagnosis of thyroid function disorder. Thyroid function disorder can cause the pregnancy problems both for fetus development and birth result. This result aimed to evaluate the level of FT4 serum in pregnant women exposed to mosquito coils. This research was a cross-sectional analytic study conducted in the coastal area of Brebes district. Respondents consisted of 105 pregnant women within the second and third trimester of pregnancy. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0. Mean (SD) level of FT4 serum on all respondents was 13.86 pmol/L. Pregnant women exposed to mosquito coils.......

Keywords: Insecticide; Pregnancy;Thyroid Hormon

[1]. Saraladevi R, Kumari TN, Shreen B, Rani VU. Prevalence of Thyroid Disorder in Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcome IAIM. 2016;3:1-11.
[2]. Kementrian, Kesehatan, Republik, Indonesia. Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2013. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2013.
[3]. Suhartono, Dharminto. Keracunan Pestisida dan Hipotiroidisme pada Wanita Usia Subur di Daerah Pertanian. Kesmas: National Public Health Journal. 2010:217-222
[4]. Knudsen N, Laurberg P, Perrild H, Bulow I, Ovesen L, Jorgensen T. Risk Factors For Goiter and Thyroid Nodules. Thyroid. 2002;12:879-888.
[5]. Raju S, Raman, Sridevi N. Study of Safety of Mosquito Repellants IOSR-JDMS. 2015;14: 42-45

Abstract: Ricinus communis L. plants were grown in soil having different concentrations of Cd (5, 20, 60 and120 mgkg-1) in a pot culture experiment. Plants were harvested after 60 days. The effects of Cd on biomass, leaf area, photosynthetic pigments, protein, antioxidative enzymes and proline were analysed. High Cd level in soil cause significant reduction in chl a, chl b, total chl and carotenoid. MDA content and activities of antioxidative enzymes viz., SOD, CAT and POD increased at high Cd concentration. SEM-EDX study showed Cd accumulation and deposition in the roots and leaf tissues. Highest accumulation of Cd was observed in the roots. Overall Cd had negative effects on the morpho-physiological characteristics of R. communis

Keywords: Chlorophyll, Biomass, Oxidative stress, Malondialdehyde, Protein, ROS, SEM-EDX

[1]. H. Schickler and H. Caspi, Response of antioxidative enzymes to nickel and cadmium stress in hyperaccumulator plants of the genus Alyssum, PhysiolgiaPlantarum, 105(1), 1999, 39-44.
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Abstract: Due to its high water use, the dairy business is one of the most environmentally damaging of all food industries. One of the main industries contributing to water contamination is dairy. Given the rising demand for milk, the dairy industry in India is predicted to expand quickly, and waste generation and associated environmental issues are also given more weight. The dairy business may perform a number of activities, such as pasteurisation, cream, cheese, milk powder, etc. The dairy industry is accountable for numerous forms of environmental pollution, including sizable emissions of greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change, thanks to its industrial-scale farms housing thousands of cattle........

Keywords: Dairy industry, Environmental pollution, Greenhouse gases etc.

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