iosr-JEEE   Volume-5 ~ Issue-1

Abstract: Induction motor is one of the most commonly preferred motors used in the industry due to its long life & rugged construction. Faults occurring in an induction motor can significantly affect the performance of the motor and the drive which is running it. This project aims to study & analyze the faults which can occur internally in an induction motor .To implement fault analysis first the machine is modeled using MAGNET software. The motor is studied under healthy conditions. Subsequently faults are introduced & fault analysis is carried out. In the model of induction rotor bars are broken and the study is mostly based on magnetic field analysis of the motor under healthy conditions & under faulty conditions. The variation of starting torque with respect to increasing number of broken rotor bars is studied and a graph was plotted to show the variation.

Keywords: MAGNET Software, Finite Element Analysis, Magnetic Field Intensity.

[1] Knight A.M., Bertani S.P.: Mechanical Fault Detection in a Medium Sized Induction Motor Using Stator Current Monitoring, IEEE
Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol.20, No.4, December 2005.
[2] Dorrel D.G., Evans L., Staton D.A., Knight A.M.: Comparison of Permanent Magnet Drive Motor with a Cage Induction Motor
Design for a Hybrid Electric Vehicle, The International Power Electronics Conference, 2010.
[3] Dorrel D.G., Combined Thermal and Electromagnetic Analysis of Permanent Magnet and Induction Machines to Aid Calculation,
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol 55, No.10.October 2008, pp.3566-3574.
[4] Ghazal M., Poshtan J., Robust Stator Winding Fault Detection in Induction Motors, 2nd Power Electronics, Drive Systems &
Technologies Conference, 2011.
[5] Vargan L.M, Jatskevich J., Marti J.R., Load Modelling of an Induction Motor Operated with a Variable Frequency Drive, IEEE
Electrical Power & Energy Conference, 2008.
[6] Arabaci H., Bilgin O., Effect of Rotor Faults in Squirrel-CagecInduction Motors on The Torque-Speed Curve, The 19th International
Conference on Electrical Machines-ICEM 2010,Rome.
[7] Watson J.F., Paterson N.C., The Development of an Accurate Finite Element Model to Investigate the Factors which Influence the
Fault-Indicating Components of Current in Three-Phase Induction Motors, The Ninth International Conference on Electrical
Machines and Drives, Conference Publication No.468,pp. 247-252.
[8] Boglietti A., Cavagnino A., Lazzari M., Geometrical Approach to Induction Motor Design, The 33rd Annual Conference of the
IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON), Nov 5-8, Taipei, Taiean, pp.149-156.
[9] Nawrocki S., Hao L., Tang X., Modelling and Analysis of Weld Short Faults of Bar-Wound Propulsion IPM Machine, Part-
2,Phase-to-Phase Short, IEEE Transactions, 2011.
[10] Hayes P.E.,Wood B.M.,Horn D.G., Mechanical Design of Induction Motors Applied on Adjustable Speed Drives, IEEE IAS PCIC
Conference Record,1997.

Abstract: In this paper, we consider the problem of characterizing nonlinear channels in real baseband OFDM communication systems. A novel method is proposed to estimate the frequency domain Volterra kernels of nonlinear channels using OFDM signals with spectral notches. In this method, the OFDM signal is arranged in a way that each full-spectral OFDM symbol frame is followed by copies of the same OFDM symbol frame but each has a spectral notch at a distinct frequency. A mathematical expression of the difference signal between the outputs of a full-spectral OFDM symbol frame and its corresponding OFDM symbol frame with a spectral notch is derived. We find that, through the use of OFDM symbol frames with spectral notches, the task of Volterra kernel estimation can be decomposed into independent subtasks with smaller numbers of kernel coefficients. Therefore, the estimation of the Volterra kernels in the subtasks can be accomplished with more accuracy and less computational complexity using the same amount of available input and output data. We show that, the proposed method has a computational complexity ofO(M2), while the conventional method would require a computational complexity ofO(M4).This indicates that a great saving in computation can be achieved by the proposed method without sacrificing the performance. The outperformance of the proposed method over the conventional method is justified by computer simulations. Real baseband OFDM systems, such as powerline and ADSL communications, can benefit from the proposed method.

[1] A. R. S. Bahai, B. R. Saltzberg, and M. Ergen, Multi-Carrier DigitalCommunications Theory and Applications of OFDM, 2nd ed., New York,NY: Springer, 2004.

[2] HomePlugPowerline Alliance, Medium Interface Specification Release0.5, Nov. 2000.

[3] ITU-T, "Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) transceivers," ITU-TRecommendation G.992.1, Geneva, 1999.

[4] IEEE, "Wireless LAM medium access control (MAC) and physical Layer(PHY) specifications: High-speed physical layer in the 5 GHz band,"IEEE Standard 802.11a-1999, Sep. 1999.

[5] ETSI, "Digital audio broadcasting (DAB), guidelines and rules forimplementation and operation, part 1: system outline," ETSI Technical Report, TR 101 496-1 v1.1.1, Nov. 2000.

[6] ETSI, "Digital video broadcasting (DVB), framing structure,Channel coding and modulation for digital terrestrial television,"ETSIEuropean Standard, EN 300 744 v1.2.1, Jul. 1999.

[7] M. Schetzen, The Volterra and Wiener Theories of Nonlinear System.New York: Wiley, 1980.

[8] W. J. Rugh, Nonlinear System Theory - The Volterra/Wiener Approach,London: The Johns Hopkins Press Ltd., 1981.

[9] A. S. French and E. G. Butz, "Measuring the Wiener kernels of a non linear system using the fast Fourier transform algorithm," Int. J. Contr.,vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 529-539, 1973.

[10] L. J. Tick, "The estimation of transfer functions of quadratic systems,"Technometrics, vol. 3, pp. 563-567, Nov. 1961.

Abstract: Now a day's Photovoltaic power generation is essential for the developing countries to meet their electricity demand. The power generated from the (PV) module has been connected to the panel through the proper channel of DC-DC converter and DC-AC inverter. This paper proposes a new high step up DC-DC converter with floating active switch which acts as a high state drive. This floating active switch isolates energy from the PV panel when the ac module is off. It also regulates the DC interface between the DC-AC converters. The high step up voltage conversion ratio is achieved with numerous turns ratio of a coupled inductor and appropriate duty ratios. The energy stored in the leakage inductor with the help of magnetizing inductor of a coupled inductor is efficiently recycled to the load through the output capacitor. With an input voltage of (Vin) 15V and 250V output voltage is obtained. An output power of 97W is also obtained from the designed converter circuit. Its maximum full load efficiency is better than conventional convert model. Keywords-AC Module, floating active switch, coupled inductor, high step up Voltage conversion ratio.

[1] T. Shimizu, K. Wada, and N. Nakamura, "Flyback-type single-phase utility interactive inverter with power pulsation decoupling on the dc input for an ac photovoltaic module system," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 1264–1272, Jan. 2006.
[2] C. Rodriguez and G. A. J. Amaratunga, "Long-lifetime power inverter for photovoltaic ac modules," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 2593–2601, Jul. 2008.
[3] S. B. Kjaer, J. K. Pedersen, and F. Blaabjerg, "A review of single-phase grid-connected inverters for photovoltaic modules," IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 1292–1306, Sep./Oct. 2005.
[4] J. J. Bzura, "The ac module: An overview and update on self-contained modular PV systems," in Proc. IEEE Power Eng. Soc. Gen. Meeting, Jul. 2010, pp. 1–3.
[5] B. Jablonska, A. L. Kooijman-van Dijk, H. F. Kaan, M. van Leeuwen, G. T. M. de Boer, and H. H. C. de Moor, "PV-PRIVE project at ECN, five years of experience with small-scale ac module PV systems," in Proc. 20th Eur. Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conf., Barcelona, Spain, Jun. 2005,pp. 2728–2731
[6] T. Umeno, K. Takahashi, F. Ueno, T. Inoue, and I. Oota, "A new approach to low ripple-noise switching converters on the basis of switched- capacitor converters," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., Jun. 1991, pp. 1077– 1080.
[7] B. Axelrod, Y. Berkovich, and A. Ioinovici, "Switched- capacitor/ switched-inductor structures for getting transformerless hybrid

Abstract: Day lighting system offer tremendous potential for reducing the energy consumption of energy of electric lighting, but their usage has been inhibited by high cost and imperfect performance of current technologies. There are two types of basic techniques of day light linked electrical lighting system, one is automatic on/off and another is continues dimming. This paper contains a proposed technique of day light linked electrical lighting system using automated continues dimming techniques using a developed 36W CFL dimming ballast maintaining visual comfort and required light level at low cost. It also helps to reduce the energy consumption when there is day light penetration in a room by dimming the artificial light level.

Keyword: day light linked electrical lighting system, automated continues dimming, visual comfort.

[1] M. Ghosh, P. Das, S. Mazumdar, "Development of PWM Based 36W CFL Multi-stage Dimming Ballast", Proceedings of National Conference on Recent Development in Electrical Engineering, 10th -11th June, 2011, Jalpaiguri Govt. Engineering College, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal.

[2] S. Selkowitz, M.K. Hossain, M.M. Ali and M.R.I. Sheikh,(2011) "Integrating Automated Shading and Smart Glazings with Daylight", International Symposium on Daylighting Buildings (IEA SHC TASK 31).

[3] A. D. Galasiu, M. R. Atif and R. A. MacDonald, "FIELD PERFORMANCE OF DAYLIGHT-LINKED LIGHTING CONTROLS", National Research Council Canada NRCC-44744.

[4] C. Aguilar-Castillo, C.D. García-Beltrán, C. Morcillo-Herrera, "Digitally Controlled Integrated Electronic Ballast with Dimming and Power Factor Correction Features", Journal of Applied Research and Technology, Vol.8 No.3 December 2010.

Abstract: This paper describes the design and simulation of bandpass filter at 197.12 MHz frequency cut off. which use Chebyshev methode, Chebyshev Filter is allowing ripple on the frequency response. But this type of filter is easy for tunning at cut off frequency. This Filter is used for Radar system, which have small bandwidth, it's around 4 MHz, and also compatible to baseband frequency. In order to design this filter, first of all, we calculate the value of inductor and capasitor, and then simulate it with software. The design filter was simulated using Elsie Tonne version 2.4. From the simulation results, we can see that the VSWR is 1.0021, return loss -59.74 dB.

Keywords – Filter, Chebyshev, bandwidth, insertion loss, vswr,

[1] Sayre, Cotter W. 2008. "Complete Wireless Design". New York. Mc Graw Hill.
[2] Liu. Y, Dou W.B, and Zhao.Y. 2010. A Tri Band Bandpass Filter realized using tri-mode T shape branches. Progress in Electromagnetic Research, Vol. 105, 425–444, 2010
[3] Christiano, Lawrence J and Fitzgerald, Terry J. "The Band Pass Filter". NBER Working Paper
[4] White, F.J. 2004. "High Frequency Technique". New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
[5] Susanti, D.N, Permana D. 2012. "Design and Simulation of 160 MHz Bandpass Filter with 60 MHz Bandwidth".IJEN Journal Vol:12 Issue : 05 2012

Abstract: so, far several methods have been presented to eliminate & minimize the low order voltage harmonics at multilevel inverter‟s output & maintain the fundamental component at the desired value. This paper focus on elimination of harmonics in a cascaded H-bridge 11 level inverter. Two heuristic techniques are implemented to find out the minimum THD in cascade multilevel inverter. Using the mathematical theory of resultants, all solutions to this equivalent problem can be found. Theoretical results are verified by simulation and experiments for an 11-level H-bridge inverter. Results show that the proposed methods effectively eliminate a great number of specific harmonics, and the output voltage is resulted in low total harmonic distortion.

Index Terms—H-bridge inverter, Harmonics, PSO, GA

[1]. IEEE recommended practices and requirements for harmonic control in electrical power system IEEE standard,519-1992.
[2]. M. Sarvi, M. R. Salimian, "Optimization of Specific Harmonics in Multilevel Converters by GA & PSO",UPEC2010 31st Aug - 3rd Sept 2010
[3]. H. Taghizadeh and M. Tarafdar Hagh,"Harmonic Elimination of Cascade Multilevel Inverters with Nonequal DC Sources Using Particle Swarm Optimization" IEEE transactions on industrial electronics, vol. 57, no. 11, november 2010.
[4]. D. G. Holmes and T. A. Lipo, "Pulse Width Modulation for Power Converters". Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 2003
[5]. S. Kouro, J. Rebolledo, and J. Rodriguez, "Reduced switching-frequency modulation algorithm for high Power multilevel inverters," IEEE Trans.Ind. Electron., vol. 54, no.5, pp. 2894– 2901, Oct. 2007
[6]. W. Fei, X. Du, and B. Wu, "A generalized half-wave symmetry SHE-PWM formulation for multilevel voltage inverters," IEEE Trans.Ind. Electron., vol. 57, no. 9, pp. 3030– 3038, Sep. 2010
[7]. Leon M. Tolbert, John N. Chiasson, Zhong Du, Keith J. McKenzie, "Elimination of Harmonics in a
[8]. Multilevel Converter",IEEE transactions on application industry,vol.41,n0.1,January/februry 2005
[9]. Jagdish Kumar,et all "Selective Harmonic Elimination Technique for a Multilevel Inverter", Fifteenth National Power Systems Conference (NPSC), IIT Bombay, December 2008
[10]. Burak Ozpineci, Leon M. Tolbert'.2, John N. Chiasson2, "Harmonic Optimization of Multilevel Converters Using Genetic Algorithms", 2004 35th Annul IEEE Power Electronics Specialisu Conference.

Abstract: This paper presents a method for automatic contingency selection and static security evaluation of electrical power systems. The method employs multi-layer Perceptron neural networks whose inputs are power flows and injections, while the outputs identify potentially harmful contingencies. The performance of the method is evaluated for different operating conditions using the IEEE 24 bus test system. It is shown that the neural network classifiers perform very well the contingency selection task and enables a previous classification of system operating state with respect to static security..

Key words: Power system security assessment; Contingency selection; Pattern recognition; Artificial neural networks.

[1] A.S. Debs and A.R. Benson, "Security assessment of power systems",Proc. Engineering Foundation Conf. on Systems Engineering for Power: Status and Prospects, pp. 144-176, Henniker, USA, 1975.

[2] G.C. Ejebe, B.F. Wollenberg, "Automatic Contingency Selection", IEEE Trans, on PAS, Vol. PAS-98, pp. 97109, Jan./Feb. 1979.
[3] CIGRE TF 38-06-06 on Artificial Neural Networks Applications for Power Systems, Dagmar Niebur (convener), "Neural network applications in power systems", Int. Journal of Engineering Intelligent Systems, Vol.1, No.3, pp.133-158, Dec. 1993.
[4] J.C.S. Souza, A.M. Leite da Silva, A.P. Alves da Silva, "Data debugging for real-time power system monitoring based on pattern analysis", IEEE Trans, on Power Systems, Vol.11, No.3, pp.1592-1599, Aug. 1996.
[5] J.C.S. Souza, A.M. Leite da Silva, A.P. Alves da Silva, "Online Topology Determination and Bad Data Suppression in Power System Operation Using Artificial Neural Networks", Proceedings of the XX International Conference on Power Industry Computer Applications (PICA '97), pp. 46-53, Columbus, Ohio, May 1997.

[6] Applications in Power Systems", CRL Pub. Ltd., London, UK, 1996.

[6] J S. Weerasooriya and M.A. El-Sharkawi, "Towards static security assessment of large scale power systems using neural networks", IEE Proceedings-C Generation, Transmission and Distribution, Vol./issue 139/1, pp.64-70, Jan.. 1992.

[7] D. Niebur, A.J. Germond, "Power system static security assessment using the Kohonen neural network", IEEE Trans, on Power -Systems, Vol.7, No.2, pp.865-872, May 1992.

[8] J S. Weerasooriya and M.A. El-Sharkawi, "Feature Selection for Static Security Assessment using Neural Networks", IEEE Proc. Of1992ISCAS, pp. 1693-1696, San Diego, California, USA, May 1992.

[9] A.S. Debs, "Modern power system control and operation", Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 1988.

[10] G. Irisarri, A.M. Sasson and D. Levner, "Automatic contingency selection for online security analysis - Real time tests", IEEE Trans. on PAS, Vol. PAS-98, pp. 1552-1559, Sept./Oct. 1979.

Abstract: Main motivation of this project is to design a wireless based solar powered robotic system in order to optimize the power by improving the utilization of solar power. A new idea has been presented for wireless solar powered mobile robotic system which consists of two parts, first is the solar powered mechanical robot and the second is zigbee wireless based control section which controls and moves the first part. By this system various mobility control has been performed and proved the ability to control the group of robots by controlling the group of activities to be done in the availability of solar power.

Keywords -Solar Tracker, Robotic System, Light Dependent Resistor, Stepper motor

[1] N.Wilhelm, B.W. Surgenor, and J. G. Pharoah, "Design and Evaluation of amicro-fuel-cell-based power system for a mobile robot," IEEE/ASMETrans. Mechatronics, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 471–476, Aug. 2006..
[2] Anderson, I. A. Ieropoulos, T.McKay, B. O'Brien, and C. Melhuish, "Power for robotic artificial muscles," IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatronics, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 107–111, Feb. 2011.
[3] Jaw-KuenShiau, Member, IEEE , Der-Ming Ma, Pin-Ying Yang, Geng-Feng Wang, JhijHua Gong, "Design of a Solar Power Management System for an Experimental UAV", IEEE Transactions On Aerospace And Electronic Systems Vol. 45, No. 4 October 2009
[4] J. E. Gonz´alez Ramos, "Battery charging optimization with steerable solar cells," M.S. thesis, Dept. Electron. Eng., Comput. Syst. Autom., Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain, 2010.
[5] David Appleyard, "Solar Trackers: Facing the Sun", Renewable Energy World Magazine, UK: Ralph Boon, June 1, 2009.
[6] B. Afarulrazi,W. M. Utomo, K. L. Liew, and M. Zafari, "Solar tracker robot using microcontroller," in Proc. Int. Conf. Bus., Eng. Ind. Appl., 2011, pp. 47–50.
[7] T. Jinayim, S. Arunrungrasmi, T. Tanitteerapan, and N. Mungkung, "Highly efficient low power consumption tracking solar cells for white-LED based lighting system," World Acad. Sci., Eng. Technol., vol. 28, pp. 291–296, 2007.onf. Bus., Eng. Ind. Appl., 2011, pp. 47–50.
[8] Adrian Catarius and Mario Christiner , "Azimuth-Altitude Dual Axis Solar Tracker", A Master Qualifying Project: Submitted To The Faculty Of Worcester Polytechnic Institute In Fulfillment Of The Degree Of Bachelor Of Science, October 2009.
[9] Tom´as de J. Mateo Sanguino and Justo E. Gonz´alez Ramos, "Smart Host Microcontroller for Optimal Battery Charging in a Solar-Powered Robotic Vehicle", IEEE/ASMETransactions On Mechatronics,April 2012.

Abstract: A new type of transformer based on Power Electronics (PET) has been proposed in this paper, which realizes voltage transformation, galvanic isolation, and power quality improvements in a single device. The PET provides a fundamentally different and more complete approach in transformer design by using power electronics on the primary and secondary sides of the transformer. Several features such as instantaneous voltage regulation, voltage sag compensation and power factor correction can be combined into PET. This paper presents a novel topology of power electronic transformer. In the design process, the AC/DC, DC/AC, AC/AC converters and high frequency transformer have been used. One matrix converter operates as AC/AC converter in power electronic transformer. The designed power electronic transformer performs typical functions and has advantages such as power factor correction, voltage sag and swell elimination, voltage flicker reduction and protection capability in fault situations. The proposed power electronic transformer has been modeled using MATLAB/ SIMULINK and Power quality improvement with proposed model has been verified by the simulation results.

Keywords- Power electronic transformer; AC/AC Matrix converter; Power Quality; High Frequency Transformer; Space vector Technique

[1] M. Kang, P.N. Enjeti, I.J. Pitel, "Analysis and design of electronictransformers for electric power distribution system," IEEE Trans.On Power Electronics, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 1133-1141, November 1999.

[2] S. Srinivasan, G. Venkataramanan, "Comparative evaluation of PWM AC-AC converters," IEEE Power Electronic Specialist Conference, PESC, vol. 1, pp. 529-535, June 1995.

[3] H. Krishnaswami, V. Ramanarayanan, "Control of high frequency ac link electronic transformer," IEE Electric Power Applications, vol. 152, no. 3, pp. 509- 516, May 2005.

[4] E.R. Ronan, S.D. Sudhoff, S.F. Glover, and D.L. Galloway, "A powerelectronic-based distribution transformer," IEEE Trans. on PowerDelivery., vol.17, pp. 537 – 543, April 2002.

[5] M. Sabahi, S. H. Hosseini, M. B. BannaeSharifian, A. YazdanpanahGoharrizi, G. B. Gharehpetian, "Three-Phase Dimmable Lighting System Using a Bidirectional Power Electronic Transformer," IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 830-837, MARCH 2009.

[6] H. Iman-eini, Sh. Farhangi, "Analysis and design of power electronic transformer for medium voltage levels," IEEE Power Electronic Specialist Conference, PESC, pp.1- 5, June 2006.

[7] H. Iman-Eini, JL. Schanen, Sh. Farhangi, J. Barbaroux, JP. Keradec, "APower Electronic Based Transformer for Feeding Sensitive Loads,"IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference,. PESC 2008, pp. 2549 –2555, 2008 .

[8] D. Wang, C. Mao, J. Lu, S. Fan, F.Z. Peng, "Theory and application of distribution electronic power transformer," Electric. Power Syst. Res, vol. 77, pp. 219–226, March 2007.

[9] D. Wang, C. Mao, J. Lu, "Coordinated control of EPT and generator excitation system for multidouble-circuit transmission-lines system,"IEEE Trans. Power Deliver. vol. 23, no.1, pp. 371–379, 2008.

[10] Keliang Zhou and Danwei Wang, Member, IEEE "Relationship Between Space-Vector Modulation and Three-Phase Carrier-Based PWM: A Comprehensive Analysis" VOL. 49, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 2002