iosr-JEEE   Volume-12 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan-Feb 2017

Abstract: A model for MIS device in accumulation is proposed which includes a bias and frequency dependent conductance in parallel with the insulator capacitance due to the leakage current. The model is validated by experimental results on MOS structures fabricated on n<100>Si having about 9 nm dry thermal oxide. The real and imaginary impedance versus frequency plots of such MOS device having large conductance can be used to determine accurately the oxide capacitance and consequently the oxide thickness without the use of ellipsometer. Greatly reduced MIS dot area can assist in avoiding frequency dispersion in accumulation capacitance, particularly at small-signal frequency of 1 MHz which is commonly used for generating high frequency C-V plots.
Key Words: Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor, Impedance, Conductance

[1]. K.J. Yang and C. Hu, "MOS capacitance measurements for high-leakage thin dielectrics", IEEE Trans. On Electron Devices, vol. 46, pp. 1500-1501, July 1999.
[2]. B.Yao, Z.B. Fang, Y.Y. Zu, T. Ji, and G. He, "A model for the frequency dispersion of the high-k metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitance in accumulation", Appl. Phys. Letts., vol. 100, pp. 222903-1 to 4, 2012.
[3]. R.K. Chanana, H.N. Upadhyay, R. Dwivedi, and S.K. Srivastava, "Electrical properties of 6.3 nm RF oxygen plasma oxide grown near room temperature with in situ dry cleaning of silicon surface", Solid-State Electronics, vol. 38, pp. 1075-1080, 1995.
[4]. H. Steinkemper, F. Feldmann, M. Bivour, M. Hermle, "Numerical simulation of carrier-selective electron contacts featuring tunnel oxides", IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, vol. 5, pp. 1348-1356, July, 2015.
[5]. A.G. Scheuermann, K.W. Kemp, K. Tang, D.Q. Lu, P.F. Satterthwaite, T. Ito, C.E.D. Chidsey, and P.C. McIntyre, "Conductance and capacitance of bilayer protective oxides for silicon water-splitting anodes", Energy Environ. Sci, vol. 9, pp. 504-516, 2016.

Abstract: In this paper, general information on the construction of tubular generators are given. Also, the numeric analyses were conducted by using 2D and 3D finite elements software. The output power, iron loss and cogging force change were compared by sensing the primary and secondary structural geometry of generator. Instead of the annular magnets, the magnets in the form of block were used mobile (secondary) part of generator. Also, analyses were conducted on the generator for two primary geometries.
Key Words: Tubular linear generator, linear motor, generator design, electromagnetic design.

[1] L. Wenlong, Design, analysis and application of low-speed permanent magnet linear machines, Unpublished Phd Thesis, The University of Hong Kong, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hong Kong, 2012.
[2] L. Dall'Ora, Analysis and Design of a Linear Tubular Electric Machine for Free-piston Stirling Micro-cogeneration Systems, Unpublished Phd. Thesis, University of Padova, Italy, 2014.
[3] W. Li and K.T. Chau, K., Simulation of a linear permanent magnet vernier machine for direct-drive wave power generation. In International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS) Proceedings, 2011, 1-6.
[4] H. Arof, A.M. Eid and K.M. Nor, Permanent magnet linear generator design using finite element method. In Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, ICEEC'04 International Conference on, 2004, 893-896.
[5] S.R. Huang, H.T. Chen, C.H. Chung, C.Y. Chu, G.C. Lia and C.C. Wub, Multivariable direct-drive linear generators for wave energy, Applied Energy, 100, 2012, 112-117.

Abstract: The problem of the poorly damped low-frequency (electro-mechanical) oscillations of power systems has been a matter of concern to power engineers for a long time, because they limit power transfers in transmission lines and induce stress in the mechanical shaft of machines. Due to small disturbances, power systems experience these poorly damped low-frequency oscillations. The dynamic stability of power systems are also affected by these low frequency oscillations. With proper design of Power System Stabilizer (PSS), these oscillations can be well damped and hence the system stability is enhanced...............
Key Words: Dynamic stability, low frequency oscillation, power system stabilizer, small signal stability.

[1]. P. Kundur, Power system stability and control (New York, McGraw- Hill, 1994)
[2]. P. Kundur, W. Lei, Small signal stability analysis: Experiences, achievements, and challenges. International Conference on Power
System Technology; 2002, 6-12.
[3]. F. P. DeMello and C. Concordia, Concepts of Synchronous Machine Stability as Affected by Excitation Control, IEEE Transactions
on Power Apparatus and Systems, Vol. 88, 1969, 316-329.
[4]. P. Kundur, M. Klein, G. J. Rogers, and M. S. Zywno, Application of Power System Stabilizers for Enhancement of Overall System
Stability, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 4, 1989, 614-626.
[5]. J. H. Chow, J. J. Sanchez-Gasca, Pole-placement Designs of Power System Stabilizers, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol.
4, No. 1, 271-277.

Abstract: The demand for electricity in India is increasing every day. As per demand utility is required to generate, transmit and distribute electricity among different consumers. The cost incurred by utility for this purpose is recovered from different consumers by applying a suitable tariff. Load curve of Indian utility is peaky in morning and evening hours. Naturally, cost of generation will also increase in order to meet the peak demand. To reduce this gap it is necessary to shift the load of certain consumer categories to off peak hours. The major load on utility system is industrial, and hence if industries would take initiatives for flattening..........
Key Words: Availability based tariff(ABT),General tariff system , Load tariff, Tariff of electricity .

[1]. H. Saele, J. A. Foosaes, V. Kristoffersen, T. E. Nordal, O. S. Grande, and B. A. Bremdal, "Network Tariffs and Energy Contracts with Incentives for Demand Response," presented at the CIRED Workshop, Paper no. 0314, Rome, 2014.
[2]. Sanjeev S. Ahluwalia, "Tariff Setting in the Electric Power Sector Base paper on Indian Case Study," vol.4, No. 512-518, 2009.
[3]. P.Vijayapriya, "Smart Tariff for Smart Meters In Smart Grid," International Journal of Engineering and Technology Vol. 2, No. 310-315, 2010
[4]. B. N. Goldar and H. N. Saleem, "India's Tariff Structure: Effective Rates of Protection of Indian Industries," Studies in Industrial Development, Ministry of Industry, Government of India, Paper No. 5, October 1992.
[5]. A. Bishop, "Tariff Development II: Rate Design," National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners Energy Regulatory Partnership Program, 2008.

Abstract: The present study examined the influence of different condition like as doping , in active layer, on the performance of P3HT/CdSe Solar cells .In this work, we analyzed the best doping for the configuration of P3HT/ CdSe in order to improve the performance of the solar cell. For this aim, we investigated the current density of electrons, the electric field, the short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage in different doping . The results indicate that when the doping is increased in P3Ht and is decreased in CdSe, the current density of electrons, the electric field, the short-circuit current, and the open-circuit voltage are increased.............
Key Words: Doping - electric field - efficiency - solar cells

[1]. H. Altas. 2007. A Photovoltaic Array Simulation Model for Matlab-Simulink GUI Environment. Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey. IEEE.
[2]. J.M. Enrique.2007. Theoretical assessment of the maximum power point tracking efficiency of photovoltaic facilities with different converter topologies. Departamento de Ingenierı´a Electro´ nica, de Sistemas Informa´ ticos y Automa´ tica, Universidad de Huelva, Spain
[3]. Ismail H. Altas.2007. A Novel Photovoltaic Online Search Algorithm for Maximum Energy Utilization. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering 61080, Trabzon - Turkey
[4]. Marcelo Gradella Villalva. MAY 2009. Comprehensive Approach to Modeling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Arrays. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 24, No. 5
[5]. Dezso Sera, Student Member. July 2008. Optimized Maximum Power Point Tracker for Fast-Changing Environmental Conditions. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 55, No. 7

Abstract: This paper discusses about the approach towards effective power oscillation damping, root causes for the genesis of power oscillation and various methodologies adopted to eradicate it.This paper presents an unified approach of FACTS controller installation in order to ensure effective power oscillation damping. The power oscillations, if not controlled within time, may aggravate the entire power system's functioning and ultimate outcome as blackout. The network congestion has been a matter of serious concern to utility operations due to classical transmission corridors and inadequate controllers' deployment..............
Key Words: Available Transfer Capability (ATC), Flexible A C transmission (FACTS), power system stabilizer (PSS), UPFC.

[1]. N.G.Hingorani and L.Gyugyi" Understanding FACTS Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems," IEEE Press, New York, 2000.
[2]. Varma, Rajiv K. "Introduction to FACTs controllers." 2009 IEEE/PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition. 2009.
[3]. P. Kundur: "Power system stability and control" (McGraw- Hill, 1994), pp. 1103-127.
[4]. Edward Wilson Kimbark" Power system stability, volume 1," IEEE Press, 445 Hoes Lane Piscataway, NJ 08855, 1995, A John Wiley & sons, inc., publication, Hoboken, New Jersey.
[5]. SadikoviC, Rusejla. "Use of FACTS devices for powerflow control and damping of oscillations in powersystems." PhD diss., SWISS FEDERAL INSTITUTEOF TECHNOLOGY ZURICH, 2006.

Abstract: This study focuses on the analysis and comparison of three different photovoltaic technologies of silicon module: Amorphous silicon (a-Si), polycrystalline silicon (pc-Si) and monocrystalline silicon (mc-si) with 2 KWp for each one of theme, connected to the grid, when they are exposed to the same real sun conditions over a one year period under the meteorological conditions of Mohammedia (Morocco) ,to determine the optimal PV power system in the region. For this aim ,the amount of energy generated by each system, cost analysis, annual incomes, breakeven points, annual CO2 emissions avoided, installation area occupied.............
Key Words: Optimal PV panels. mono-crystalline. Poly-crystalline. Amorphous. cost analysis. annual incomes.

[1]. Schroeder M. Utilizing the clean development mechanism for the deployment of renewable energies in China. Appl Energy
2009;86(2):237–42.
[2]. Hasanuzzaman M, Al-Amin AQ, Khanam S, Hosenuzzaman M. Photovoltaic power generation and its economic and environmental
future in Bangladesh. J Renew Sustain Energy 2015;7(1):013108.
[3]. Jacovides CP, Theophilou K, Tymvios FS, Pashiardes S. Wind statistics for coastal station in Cyprus. Theor Appl Climatol
2002;72:259–63.
[4]. Chen AA,ForrestW,ChinPN,McLeanP,Grey C.Solar radiation in Jamaica.Sol Energy 1994;53(5):455–60.
[5]. Jain PC.Amodel for diffuse and global irradiationon horizontal surfaces.Sol Energy 1990;45:301–8.

Abstract: The current distribution on surface of the Patch Antenna is radiating in the presence of the Superstrates layered anisotropic medium. The electric and magnetic field in the upper half-space are formulated using Dyadic Green Function in terms of Sommerfeld-Weyl-type integrals. The stationary phase method is used to obtain far-field expressions. Carbon-Nanotube Composite (CNT) as the radiating element for Star Patch Antenna is used. .Return loss, Axial Ratio ( <3 dB Circular Polarized), Gain and Directivity parameters of Carbon-Nanotube Star Patch Antenna are compared for different anisotropic materials.
Key Words: Anisotropic, patch antenna, Moment Method, Dyadic Green Function. Carbon-Nanotube Composite

[1] B. Braaten, R. Nelson, I. Rogers, Input Impedance and Resonant Frequency of a Printed Dipole With Arbitrary Length Embedded in Stratified Uniaxial Anisotropic Dielectrics,IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters. 8, 2009, 806-810.

[2] C. Gürelm, E. Yazga, Characteristics of a Circular Patch Microstrip Antenna on Uniaxially Anisotropic Substrate,IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propagation, 52 (10), October, 2004, 2532-2537.

[3] F. Bouttout,F. Benabdelaziz, A. Benghalia, D. Khedrouche, T. Fortaki, Uniaxially anisotropic substrate effects on resonance of rectangular microstrip patch antenna, Electronics Letters, 35 (4), 18th February, 1999, 255-256.

[4] R. Nelson, D. Rogers, D'assungao, Resonant Frequency of a Rectangular Microstrip Patch on Several Uniaxial Substrates, IEEE Trans. on Ante.Propagation, 38 (7),July, 1990, 973-981.

[5] A. Eroglu, J. K. Lee, Far field radiation from an arbitrarily orientated Hertzian dipole in the presence of layered anisotropic medium,IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., 53 (12),December, 2005, 3963–3973.

Abstract: Most of the conventional methods of power quality assesment in power systems are almost exclusively based on Fourier Transform that suffer from various inherent limitations. First limitation of an FFT based method is that of frequency resolution, whereas the second limitation is due to no coherent signal sampling of the data which proves itself as a leakage in spectrum domain. These two performance limitations of FFT or similar methods are particularly troublesome when analyzing short data records. To overcome from this problem, high regulation spectrum estimation methods can be used where resolution problem is not found. In this thesis, high resolution methods, such as MUSIC, root MUSIC and ESPRIT are discussed that use a different approach to spectral estimation..............
Key Words: Conventional Methods, Parametric & Nonparametric Methods, High Resolution Spectral Methods, MUSIC, Root MUSIC and ESPRIT, Data Length, Signal to Noise Ratio, Means Square Error.

[1] A. Bracale , G. Carpinelli, D Lauria, Z. Leonowicz, T. Lobos and J. Rezmer, "On Some Spectrum Estimation Methods for Analysis of Non-stationary Signals in Power Systems" - Part I:Theoretical aspects, Part II: Numerical Applications", Proc. 2004 11th International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power(ICHQP),
[2] A. Bracale, G. Carpinelli, T. Lobos, Z. Leonowicz and J. Rezmer,"Evaluation of compensation devices of DC arc furnaces using advanced spectrum estimation methods", Proc. 2005 15th Power Systems Computation Conference (PSCC),
[3] R.C.Dugan, M.F. McGranaghan, S. Santoso and H.W. Beaty, Electrical Power Systems Quality, 2nd. ed. McGraw-Hill, 2002.
[4] T.Lobs, Z.Leonowicz and J. Rezmer, "harmonics and interharmonics estimation using advanced signal processing methods" in proc. 9th IEEE Int. Conf. Harmonics and Quality of Power, Vol. I, Orlando, FL, 2000, pp. 335-340.
[5] S.M Kay, Modern Spectral Estimation: Theory and Application, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1988, pp.224-225.