IOSR-JAP   National Conference on Current Advancements in Physics

Abstract: We have studied the effect of orange peel coupling on spin transfer torque magnetization switching in different nanopillar devices. The magnetization switching dynamics of the free layer of the nanopillar device is studied by solving the dynamical equation governed by a Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert-Slonczewski (LLGS) equation. The switching time is calculated for Fe, Co, Ni and NiFe (Py) materials both in the presence and the absence of orange peel coupling. Presence of orange peel coupling between the ferromagnetic layers reduces the switching time for all the materials. Fe material shows the highest switching time value whereas Py material shows the lowest switching time.

Keywords: Magnetization switching, nanopillar, orange peel coupling, spin transfer torque, spintronics

[1]. C. Chappert, A. Fert, and F. N. Van Dau, The emergence of spin electronics in data storage, Nat. Mater. 6, 2007, 813-823.
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Abstract: In this paper, a numerical study on the complete synchronization phenomenon exhibited by coupled forced negative conductance circuits is presented. The nonlinear system exhibiting two types of chaotic attractors is studied for complete synchronization of the identical chaotic attractors through phase portraits under one type of coupling. The stability of the synchronized states is observed for different coupling schemes of the circuit variables through Master Stability Function. The Conditional Lyapunov exponents explaining the dynamical behaviour of the driven system is presented.

Keywords - Synchronization, Unidirectional coupling, Master Stability Function

[1]. Maciej J. Ogorzalek. Taming chaos- part i: Synchronization. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, 40:693, 1993. 6
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Abstract: Solitons have been throughly studied in diverse fields of physics such as nonlinear optics, Bose - Einstein Condensates, plasma and water waves. An important biological problem is the mechanism of energy transfer and storage in alpha helical proteins. Solitons in alpha helical proteins was made by Davydov in an attempt to solve an outstanding riddle of biochemistry. The analytical theory of this soliton has been discussed in a number of papers by Davydov and his co workers from which it is seen that anharmonicity in the longitudinal hydrogen bond plays a major role in effecting the mechanisms

[1]. M. Daniel, M. M. Latha, Physica A 240 (1997) 526.
[2]. S. Saravana Veni, M. M. Latha, Physica A 407 (2014) 76.
[3]. K. Porsezian, R. Murali, Boris A. Malomed and R. Ganapathy, Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 40 (2009) 1907.
[4]. H. P. E. Fouda, C. B. Tabi, A. Mohamadou and T. C. Kofane, J. Phys. Condens. Matter 23 (2011) 375104.
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Abstract: We explore the dynamical consequences of a protein molecular system by proposing a quartic β Fermi-Pasta-Ulam lattice model. The nonlinear terms in the model Hamiltonian are quantized using suitable auxiliary relations resulting in a quantized number conserving FPU Hamiltonian. The resulting dynamical equation of motion is analysed in the continuum limit numerically which gives rise to a similariton solution. The amplitude of similariton increases significantly whereas the width of the similariton decreases with respect to lattice parameter.

Keywords: FPU lattice, Nonlinear Dynamics, Protein molecular chain, Similariton

[1]. A. S. Davydov and N.I. Kisluka, Phys. Stat. Sol. b 59, 1973, 465.
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Abstract: In this paper, we have systematically investigated certain nonlinear evolution equations such as Burgers Fisher equation, Inviscid Burgers equation, Satsuma equation and Fokas Yortsos-Rosen equation by determining the master symmetries, time dependent symmetries and the associated conservation laws. As the Burgers Fisher equation and Satsuma equation are diffusive, they do not possess infinitely many conservation laws and are reduced to the linear heat equation. Besides, certain systems which do not admit master symmetries, are also identified.

Keywords: Conservation laws, Master symmetries, Nonlinear evolution equations.

[1] R. Sarathy and K. M. Tamizhmani, Master Symmetries of Certain Partial Differential Equations, Research Report in
Physics, 1990, 20-26.
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Differential Equations, Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics, 17 (4), 2010, 517-538.
[5] George Bluman, Connections Between Symmetries and Conservation Laws, arXiv:math-ph/0511035, 2005.

Abstract: In this work, the dynamical behavior of the two mutually coupled Autonomous Van der Pol oscillator studied via numerical and experimental observations. We show, when the appropriate coupling co-efficient, the transition from phase synchronization to anticipatory synchronization. The transition confirmed through similarity function. The rich nonlinear dynamical phenomena of chaos identified and confirmed through bifurcation and Lyapunov exponent spectrum analysis. The well known period doubling route to chaos are identified. The above mentioned dynamical behavior are observed in the real time hardware experimental circuit simulations.

[1]. I. Belykh, M. Hasler, M. Lauret and H. Nijmeijer, Syn- chronization and graph topology, Int. J. Bifurcation and Chaos, vol.15, no.11, pp.3423-3433, 2005.
[2]. R. Stoop and C. Wagner, Neocortex architecture opti- mizes computation, information transfer and synchroniz- ability, at given total connection length,Int. J. Bifurcation and Chaos, vol.17, no.7, pp.2257-2279, 2007.
[3]. X.F. Wang and G. Chen, Synchronization in scale- free dynamical networks: robustness and fragility, IEEE Trans. Circuit and Systems-I, vol.49, no.1, pp.54-62, 2002.
[4]. Yoko Uwate,Yosifhimi Nishio and Ruedi Stoop, Synchro- nization in Three Coupled van der Pol Oscillators with Different Coupling Strength, NCSP10, Waikiki, Hawaii, March 3-5, 2010.
[5]. B. Nana and P. Woafo,[2006] Synchronization in a ring of four mutually coupled van der Pol oscillators: Theory and experiment, Phys. Rev. E 74, 046213, 20064).

Abstract: Manganese oxide and Cobalt doped Manganese oxide nanoparticles are synthesized by solvothermal route using ethylene glycol as a solvent. The structural investigations are done by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The average grain size and lattice parameters are calculated. The particle size is confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. The functional groups exists in the material are construed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral analysis. The chemical composition and purity of the samples are inspected by using Energy-dispersive X-ray spectral analysis.........

Key Words: EDAX, FTIR, Solvo thermal method, UV-Vis, VSM and XRD

[1]. Xiaodi Liu, Changzhong Chen, Yiyang Zhao and Bin Jia 2013 A Review on the Synthesis of Manganese Oxide Nanomaterials and their Applications on Lithium-Ion Batteries Journal of Nanomaterials Volume, Article ID 736375:7pages
[2]. Pugazhvadivu K.S,.Ramachandran K and K.Tamilarasan 2013 Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt doped Manganese oxide nanoparticles by chemical route Physics procedia 49 :205-216
[3]. Xiong Zhang, Xianzhong Sun, Haitao Zhang, Dacheng Zhang, Yanwei Ma 2013 Microwave-assisted reflux rapid synthesis of MnO2 nanostructures and their application in supercapacitors Electrochimica Acta 87: 637-644
[4]. Shuping Zhang, Wei Liu, Jie Ma and Yan Zhao 2010 A facile low-temperature route for preparing monodisperse Mn3O4 nanopolyhedrons from amorphous MnO2 nanoparticles NSTI - Nanotech,ISBN 978-1-4398-3401-5 Vol

Abstract: Manganese doped Cuprous Oxide Nanoparticles were synthesized by facile solvothermal scheme without any surfactants or templates. The structural, optical and electrical properties of the samples were investigated using X- ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM),Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) and impedance spectroscopy measurements. XRD analysis revealed that Manganese doped cuprous oxide nanoparticles were formed in good crystalline quality.............

Key Words: Crystalline, domine, grain, Solvothermal,XRD.

[1]. Liang Y Q, Gao Z H, Cui Z D, Zhu S L, Li Z Y, Yang X J (2014), Photo catalytic performance of Ag nanoparticles modifiedZnO micro plates prepared by one-step method. Curr.nanosci.10 (3), 389-393.
[2]. Rajabi A R, Jabbarzare S, Mohammad shafiee M R, Ghashang M (2014), Barium doped ZnOnanoparticles: Preparation and evaluation of their catalytic activity, Curr. Nanosci 10(2), 312-317.
[3]. Han S, Hu L,Gao N, Al-Ghamdi A A, Fang X, (2014) Efficient self assembly synthesis of uniform CdS spherical nanoparticles- Au nanoparticles hybrids with enhanced photoactivity, Adv.Funct.Mater,24(24),3725-3733.
[4]. Liu H, Hu L, Watanabe K, Hu X, Dierre B, Kim B, Sekiguchi T, Fang X, (2013), Cathode luminescence modulation of ZnS nanostructures by morphology, Doping and Temperature, Adv. Funct. Mater, 23(29), 3701-3709.
[5]. .Motogoshi R, Oku T,SuzukiA,Kkikchi K, Kihuch S, Jeyadwan B and Cuya J, (2010), Fabrication and characterization of cuprous oxide fullerence solar cells, Synthetic metals, 160,11-12. ChLi,,Yin Y , HouH, Fan N, Yuan F, Shi Y,Meng Q,(2010), Solid state commun. 150 (585).

Abstract: Metal Oxide (CuO, ZnO and CdO) Nanoparaticles were synthesized by Co-Precipitation Method Using PVP as Optimizer and same concentration of the precursors. The Formation of (CuO, ZnO and CdO) Nanoparticles were confirmed by XRD, UV - Visible, FT-IR and FESEM Studies. The Average particle size have been found to be about 44 nm, 39 nm, 45 nm.The FESEM CuO image reveal the product consist of spherical particles in the range of 20 nm - 30 nm and ZnO image reveal the product consist of nanoflakes in the range of 15 nm - 30 nm. The UV-Analysis, Results shows that the Bandgap value of CuO, ZnO and CdO nanoparticles are 2.3 eV, 2 eV and 3.9 eV.

Keywords: Polyvinylpyrrolidone, Co- precipitation, XRD, FTIR, UV, FE-SEM, CuO, ZnO and CdO.

[1]. D. Arun Kumar, Francis P. Xaver and J. Merline Shyla. Investigation on the variation of conductivity and Photoconductivity of CuO thin films as a function of layers of coating, Archives of Applied Science Research, 2012, 4(5) : 2174 – 2183.
[2]. K. Nithya, P. Yuvasree, N. Neelakandeswari, N. Rajeskaran, K. Uthayarani, M. Chitra and S. Sathiesh Kumar. Preparation and Characterization of Copper Oxide nanoparticles. International Journal of Chem Tech Research, ISSN : 0974 – 4290, Vol. 6, No.3, pp. 220 – 222, May – June 2014.
[3]. Hui Wang, Jin – Zhong Xu, Jun – Jie Zhu, Hong – Yuan Chen. Preparation of CuO nanoparticles by Microwave irradiation, Journal of Crystal Growth, 244 (2002) 88 – 94.
[4]. Chaunyan Ma, Lianjie Zhu, Sifeng Chen, Yan Xing Zhao. Simple and Rapid preparation of CuO Nanowires and Their Optical properties, Material Letters 108 (2013) 114 – 117.
[5]. Narongdet Wongpisutpaisan, Piyanut Charoonsuk, Naratip Vittayakorn and Wisanu Pecharapa. Sonochemical Synthesis and Characterization of CuO Nanoparticles, 9th Eco – Energy and Materials Science and Engineering symposium, Energy Procedia 9 (2011) 404 – 409.

Abstract: Nano particles of metal oxides are manufactured in the large scale because of their industrial applications. Copper Oxide is an important p-type semiconductor, has drawn increasing attention in the application of gas sensors because of low cost, excellent reactivity, high stability and non-toxicity, and also the secondary architectures composed of nanostructured building blocks have attracted significant interest in material synthesis and device fabrications. In the present investigation pure and Ni,Cd doped CuOnano particles have been prepared by co-precipitation method. The crystalline natures of the sample were also confirmed by X-ray diffraction pattern.............

Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Co-precipitation, Copper Oxide, FT-IR, Nanoflower, SEM, XRD.

[1] Y.P. Sukhorukov, B.A. Gizhevskii, E.V. Mostovshchikova, A.Y.Yermakov, S.N.Thugushev, E.V.Kozlov,Nano crystalline copper oxide for selective solar energy absorbers,Tech.Phys.Lett.32(2006) 132-135.
[2] R.V.Kumar, R.Elgamiet, Y.Diamant, A.Gedaken, J.Norwig Sonochemical preparation and characterization of Nano crystalline copper oxide embedded in poly(vinyl alcohol) and its effect on crystal growth of copper oxide ,langmuir18 (2002) 1352-1359.
[3] J.HuangS.WangY.Zhao,X.Wang,S.Wang,S.Zhang,W.Huang,Synthesis and characterization of CuO/TiO2 catalysts for low-temperature CO Oxidation,Catal,Commun,7 (2006) 1029-1034.
[4] A.Nezamzadeh-Ejhieh,Z.Salimi,Heteroeneousphotodegradation catalysis of o-phenylenediamine using CuO/X zeolite, Appl.Catal. A:Gen. 390 (2010) 110-118.

Abstract: Transition metal ions like Nickel, Cobalt and rare earth ions doped ZnS semiconductor materials have a wide range of applications in electroluminescence devices. In the present investigation nanoparticles of Fe, Ni, Co doped ZnShave been synthesized successfully by simple chemical precipitation method. Particle size and specific surface area have been calculated from XRD analyses which confirm the nano structure of the samples. Absorption spectra of Fe, Ni and Co doped ZnS were recorded and their optical transmittance are properly determined. The optical transmittance properties of the ZnS nanomaterial improved the addition of transition metal ion doping...........

Keywords: Anti bacterial Activity, FT-IR, Nanoparticle, PL, Semiconductor, XRD, Zinc Sulphide

[1] Nano Technology for the life science (10 volume set), Chella S.S.R Kumar (editor) (Wily-VCH-2013).
[2] Warad H.C, Ghosh S.C, Hemtanon B, Thanachayanont C and DuttaJ,Sei.Technol.Ady. Mater., 2005, 296,6.
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[5] Dhanam M. Davitha B, Neethajose and Devasia D P, Chalcogenide Letter, 2009, 713,6(12).

Abstract: A green rapid biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) aqueous extract. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterization using UV-Visible, FTIR, XRD, FESEM and HRTEM. The reductions of silver ions to AgNPs using C. roseus extract were completed within 10 mins. The formations of AgNPs were confirmed by using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) at 413 nm using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. From the morphological studies, revealed the spherical shape of the particles with sizes ranging from 45nm and the EDAX spectrum confirmed the presence of silver along with other elements........

Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Catharanthus roseus, Eco-friendly, Green synthesis, AgNPs

[1] 1. R. Bhuvaneswari, R. John Xavier and M. Arumugam (2015). IOSR Journal of Applied Physics. 7, 81.
[2] P.T. Lakshmi, D. Priyanka and A. Annamalai (2015). Int. J. Biomater. 2015, 539494.
[3] I. Moreno-Garrido, S. Perez and J. Blasco J (2015). Mar. Environ. Res. 111, 73.
[4] J.R. Morones, J.L. Elechiguerra, A. Camacho, K. Holt, J.B. Kouri and J.T. Ramirez (2005). Nanotechnology. 16, 2353.
[5] L. Xia, S.C. Lenaghan, M. Zhang, Z. Zhang and Q. Li (2010). J. Nanobiotechnology. 8, 9.

Abstract: Nano meter sized oxide draws much attention because of their unusual physical and chemical properties. The metal oxide nanoparticles have wide range of applications in the field of electronics, fuel cells, batteries, agriculture etc. The research has been focused on the preparation and characterization of Barium oxide nanoparticles. It was carried out using anhydrous BaCl2 powder and ammonia with distilled water as a precipitant agent by Thermo-chemical method. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, FTIR spectroscopy. The XRD pattern showed that the synthesized BaO nanoparticles were of tetragonal structure. They were crystalline in nature with average crystalline size of 29nm.The FTIR study confirmed that the functional groups appeared at 1610 and 856 cm-1 in BaO nanoparticles were due to the BaO stretching and N-H bending modes.

Keywords: Barium oxide nanoparticles, Thermo-chemical method, XRD, FTIR.

[1] Wang, J., Wan, D. W., Xue, J. M. and Ng, W. B., Novel Mechanochemical Fabrication of Electroceramics. Singapore Patent 9801566-2, 1998.
[2] Xue, J., Wan, D., Lee, S. E. and Wang, J., Mechanochemical synthesis ofnanosized lead titanate powders from mixed oxides. J. Am. Ceram.Soc., 1999, 82(7), 1687–1692.
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Abstract: An overview of decay modes of superheavy nuclei, the proton decay, the alpha decay, the cluster decay and the spontaneous fission, have been studied by considering the isotopes of darmstadtium (Z = 110) within the range 256 ≤ A ≤ 275. It is seen that the isotopes 256-262Ds are proton emitters. The proton decay half-lives were calculated using the Gamow like model. Alpha decay half-lives and cluster decay half-lives were calculated using the Coulomb and proximity potential model (CPPM). Alpha decay half-lives were also calculated using Viola-Seaborg semi-empirical relationship..............

Keyword: Proton decay, Alpha decay, Cluster decay, Spontaneous fission, Superheavy elements.

[1] W. Myers, and W. Swiatecki, Nuclear masses and deformations, Nuclear Physics, 81(2), 1966, 1-60.
[2] U. Mosel, and W. Greiner, On the stability of superheavy nuclei against fission, Z.Physik, 222(3), 1969, 261-282.
[3] Yu. Ts. Oganessian, and V K Utyonkov, Super-heavy element research, Reports on Progress in Physics, 78(3), 2015, 036301-036322.
[4] S. Hofmann, and G. Munzenberg, The discovery of the heaviest elements, Reviews of Modern Physics, 72(3), 2000, 733-767.
[5] S. Aberg, P. B. Semmes, and W. Nazarewicz, Spherical proton emitters, Physical Review C, 56(4), 1997, 1762-1773.

Abstract: Within the frame work of Coulomb and proximity potential model (CPPM), the cold binary fission of even-even uranium isotopes with the mass numbers A=246, 248 and 250 has been studied. With respect to the mass and charge asymmetries, high Q value and a minimum in the driving potential corresponds to the most favorable fragmentation in the binary fission process. A nucleus with doubly closed shell or near doubly closed shell is always appearing as the heaviest nucleus in the favored channel of the binary fission of all the mentioned isotopes.............

KEYWORDS: Cold binary fission, proximity potential, shell effect, cold reaction valley, half life.

[1] O. Hahn and F. Strassmann, Über den Nachweis und das Verhalten der bei der Bestrahlung des Urans mittels Neutronen entstehenden Erdalkalimetalle, Naturwissenschaften, 27(1), 1939, 11-15.

[2] N. Bohr and J. A. Wheeler, The mechanism of nuclear fission, Physical Review, 56(5), 1939, 426-450.

[3] C. Signarbieux, M. Montoya, M. Ribrag, C. Mazur, C. Guet, P. Perrin, and M. Maurel, 1981. Evidence for nucleon pair breaking even in the coldest scission configurations of 234U and 236U, Journal de Physique Lettres, 42(19), 1981, 437-440.

Abstract: The alpha decay half lives and decay modes of five experimentally synthesized isotopes of superheavy nuclei roentgenium within the range 278 ≤ A ≤ 282 have been studied using the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN). By comparing the alpha decay half-lives with the corresponding spontaneous fission half-lives we have predicted 3α chains from 278-280,282Rg. The isotope 281Rg is predicted to decay through spontaneous fission. The theoretical predictions are compared with experimental results and are seen to be matching well..............

Keywords: Spontaneous fission, Alpha radioactivity, Superheavy nuclei, Half life.

[1] W. Myers, and W. Swiatecki, Nuclear masses and deformations, Nuclear Physics, 81(2), 1966, 1-60.
[2] U. Mosel, and W. Greiner, On the stability of superheavy nuclei against fission, Z.Physik, 222(3), 1969, 261-282.
[3] A. Sobiczewski, F.A. Gareev, and B. N. Kalinkn, Closed shells for Z > 82 and N > 126 in a diffuse potential well, Physics Letters, 22(4), 1966, 500-502.
[4] V. M. Strutinsky, "Shells" in deformed nuclei, Nuclear Physics A, 122(1), 1968, 1-33.
[5] V. E. Viola. Jr., and G. T. Seaborg, Nuclear systematic of the heavy elements-II life times for alpha, beta and spontaneous fission decay, Journal of Inorganic Nuclear Chemistry, 28(3), 1966, 741-761.