iosr-JRME   Volume-8 ~ Issue-2 ~ March-April 2018

Abstract: The social science learning implementation tends to use traditional or conventional approach still. It does not utilize teaching materials based on Macromedia Flash. The goal of social science learning is only focused on cognitive aspect and ignores social skills. It has not given maximum opportunity to students to develop their creativity so that the students are not maximally interesting in learning. Consequently, students feel bored in social science learning which results in low quality of school outcomes and low quality of education. The purpose of the research is to produce a valid, practical, and effective social science teaching materials based on Macromedia flash for elementary school students. This research was a research and development with some procedures.........

Keywords: Development, Instructional Materials, Social Studies, Macromedia Flash, Interest

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Abstract: The globalization discourse where the generalized expression: the advances of the global society are given in an egalitarian form for all the regions, results in contradiction with the unequal impact of the globalization processes in countries with different level of economical development and cultural settings. These particularities define specific necessities in the cultural and educational environment according to a conceptualization of the cosmopolitan citizen that confront the hegemonic modern social imaginaries. The construction of an international curriculum in the context of a Mexican university needs to clarify the nature of the individual, in order to decide what kind of person the school wants to form.

Keywords: Cosmopolitan citizen,developing countries, internationalization, international curriculum, modern social imaginaries.

[1] J. Knight, An international model: responding to new realities and challenges, in H. de Wit (Ed.), Higher education in Latin America (Washington, D.C.: The World Bank, 2005) 1-38
[2] T. Popkewitz, El cosmopolitismo y la era de la reforma escolar (Madrid: Morata, 2009)
[3] M. Castells, La sociedad red (Madrid: Alianza Editorial, 1999)
[4] C. Taylor, Imaginarios sociales modernos (Barcelona: Paidós, 2006)
[5] B. Santos, La universidad en el siglo XXI. Para una reforma democrática y emancipadora de la universidad (México: Universidad nacional Autónoma de México, 2005).

Abstract: Introduction: Radiation has become a part of modern living, reaching every piece of our civilization. All individuals are exposed to ionizing radiation, both from natural and man-made radiation sources. In these days use of medical imaging has increased, due to rapid improvements in technology. Long-term exposure or high doses of ionizing radiation have potentially harmful biological effects, when used in medical imaging procedures. Objectives: assess the level of awareness about the radiation health hazards and possible risks caused by radiological examinations among Albaha citizens............

Keywords: Radiation, awareness, Albaha, pregnancy .

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[4] Smith-Bindman R, Lipson J, Marcus R, Kin KP, et al. Radiation dose associated with common computed tomography exams and associated lifetime attributable risk of cancer. Arch Internal Medicine 2009; 169: 2078-2086
[5] Scanff P, Donadieu J, Pirard P, Aubert B. Population exposure to ionizing radiation from medical examinations in France. Br J Radiol. 2008 Mar; 81(963):204–13. PMID: 18270294