iosr-JMCE   Volume-8 ~ Issue-1

Abstract: Today's world is very fast moving and in this world we all are well understand that the how important brake is? Effectiveness of braking system are essentials part to avoid accidents and save life. Also majority of accidents in vehicles are happen due to chassis failure and braking failure. Here I take the subject to understand the causes of failure of hydraulic brake systems in SUV. The brakes are the most important active safety of a car and one of its key pieces. However, many drivers do not seem to understand it well. According to a statistics, about 40% of the defects detected by the ITV correspond to the brakes. It is not enough to bring the car to the shop when something goes wrong. Leakage is major problem in TMC. In any case if tmc leak it may leads to accident. So leakage and performance of tmc is most important. Various parts of tmc such as piston, spring does not leak. The body of tmc may leak as well seals used in assembly of piston. In this project the different reasons of leakages are finding and simulation with CFD are carried out.

Keywords: Leakage analysis of brake , Body leak analysis , CFD.

[1]. CFD Analysis Of Air Flow Interactions In Vehicle Platoons By Gokul Krishnan Rajamani School Of Aerospace, Mechanical And Manufacturing Engineering RMIT University August 2006.
[2]. An Introduction To Computational Fluid Dynamics Chapter 20 In Fluid Flow Handbook By Nasser Ashgriz & Javad Mostaghimi Department Of Mechanical & Industrial Eng. University Of Toronto Toronto, Ontario.
[3]. A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR AIR BRAKE SYSTEMS IN THE PRESENCE OF LEAKS A Thesis By SRIVATSAN RAMARATHNAM Submitted To The Office Of Graduate Studies Of Texas A&M University In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For The Degree Of MASTER OF SCIENCE August 2008.

Abstract: the concepts of Blow molding is a process used to produce hollow objects from thermoplastic. The basic blow molding process has two fundamental phases. First, a parson (or a perform) of hot plastic resin in a somewhat tubular shape is created. Second, compressed air is used to expand the hot perform and press it against mould cavities. The pressure is held until the plastic cools. Blow molding process is used for which has thin wall sections.In this thesis, blow mould design is to be done for a bottle having 0.5mm thickness. This thickness cannot be filled in pressure injection molding. So blow molding is considered for pet bottle design. The mould is prepared by first modeling the part, extracting core & cavity and generating CNC program. Blow mould tool design is done in Pro/Engineer according to HASCO standards. A prototype of the pet bottle using blow mould design is also included.

[1]. Belofsky, H., Plastics: Product Design and Process Engineering, Hanser Publishers, Munich, Vienna, New York, 1995.
[2]. Progelhof, R.C. and J.L. Throne, "Polymer Engineering Principles: Properties, Processes, and Tests for Design", Hanser Publishers, New York, 1993.

Abstract: In present day there is hefty demand of new and reliable alternative fuel which gives better exhaust emissions and performance on internal combustion engine. There are mainly two types of fuel that are used prominently in I.C. engines, first is gasoline like fuel which support to spark ignition engine and second that is used for compression ignition engines. The biodiesel is a renewable alternative fuel which supports to the diesel engines. The biodiesel can be produced by several numbers of feed stocks like vegetable oil, animal fats and yellow greases etc. In present researcher work the cottonseed oil (CSO) which belong to Malvaceae, the marsh mallow family, is converted to biodiesel from mechanical stirring technique. This biodiesel has been tested on a constant speed agricultural engine and found to be lower in smoke generation and almost equivalent to petro diesel on performance parameters. Keywords: Biodiesel, Cottonseed Oil (CSO), Mechanical Stirrer Technique, I.C. Engine.

[1]. Murphy, C.F "Analysis of innovative feedstock sources and production technologies for renewable fuels final report". EPA: xa-83379501-0
[2]. Keskina A, Guru M, Altiparmak D, and Aydin K. Using of cotton oil soap stock biodiesel–diesel fuel blends as an alternative diesel fuel, Renewable Energy 33(4) April(2008) 553–557.
[3]. Alcantara R, Amores J, Canoira L, Fidalgo E, Franco MJ, and Navarro A .Catalytic production of biodiesel from soy-bean oil, used frying oil and tallow, Biomass and Bio energy 18(6) June(2000) 515-527.
[4]. Perkins, L.A. and Peterson, C.L. Durability Testing of Transesterified Winter Rape Oil (Brassica napus L.) as Fuel in Small-Bore, Multi-cylinder, DI, CI Engines. SAE Paper No. 911764. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warren dale, PA. (1991)
[5]. Devanesan MG, Viruthagiri T and Sugumar N. Tranesterification of Jatropha oil using immobilized Pseudomonas fluorescens, African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 6 (21), 2497-2501, 5 November, 2007.
[6]. Li S , Wang Y , Dong S , ChenY , Cao F , Chai F and Wang X. Biodiesel production from Eruca Sativa Gars vegetable oil and motor, emissions properties, Renewable Energy 34 (2009) 1871–1876.
[7]. Antolın G, Tinaut FV, Briceno Y , Castano V, Perez C and Ramrez AI .Optimisation of biodiesel production by sunflower oil Tranesterification, Bio resource Technology 83 (2002) 111–114.
[8]. Alcantara R, Amores J, Canoira L, Fidalgo E, Franco MJ and Navarro A .Catalytic production of biodiesel from soy-bean oil, used frying oil and tallow, Bio mass and Bio energy 18 (2000) 515-527.
[9]. Tashtoush GM, Al-Widyan MI and Al-Jarrah MM. Experimental study on evaluation and optimization of conversion of waste animal fat into biodiesel, Energy Conversion and Management 45 (2004) 2697–2711.
[10]. Buasri A, Chaiyut N and Phongprasit K. Prodiction of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using mixed alcohol system, KMITL Sci.J.Vol.8 No.2(Section-B)July-December 2008.

Abstract: Introduction of the flexible element at the base of a structure and at the same time ensuring damping is probably the best option for the seismic isolation technique. The device that meets such criteria is known as isolator. In this study incorporation of such base isolator in buildings has been investigated. A study was done considering different building with different plan to justify the applicability of base isolation. The characteristics and performance effect of a building with and without base isolator system were compared. Study shows the applicability of base isolator to the range up to buildings of 30m-40m height. The installation of isolator in building considerably increases the time period of building, which means it reduces the possibility of resonance of the structure. Provision of isolator in building often increases the total cost, but reinforcement requirement and construction material cost is reduced due to isolator. So, isolator may be incorporated at the bottom of the building to exploit economic and structurally safe alternative. Keywords: Equivalent Static Analysis, Time history method, Base Isolation, Reinforce concrete building.

[1] Ali, M.H and Choudhury, J.R. (1994) "Seismic zoning of Bangladesh" Paper presented at the International Seminar on Recent Developments in " Earthquake Disaster Mitigation", Institute of Engineers, Bangladesh.

[2] Ansary, M.A., Al-Hussaini, T.M., Sharfuddin, M and Chowdhury, J.R. (1999), " Report on Moheskhali Earthquake of July 22, 1999", earthquake Engineering series, Research Report No. BUET/CE/EQE-99-01, Department of Civil Engineering, BUET, August,1999.

[3] Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC, 1993) Published by Housing and Building Research Institute and Bangladesh Standard and Testing Institute, Bangladesh. [4] Naeim, F. Kelly,J.(1999) "Design of seismic isolated structure". John Wiley & Sons,Inc.

[5] Wang, Yen-Po, "Fundamentals of Seismic Base Isolation" International Training Programs for Seismic Design of Building Structures.

[6] H.S.Soleimanloo (2012)" A Survey study on design procedure of seismic base isolation system"JASEM,2012.

[7] SAP2000(2005), A general purpose Linear and Non-Linear analysis program, Computers and Structures.