iosr-JMCE   Volume-4 ~ Issue-6

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Effect of Pulsed Current on Temperature Distribution and Characteristics of GTA Welded Magnesium Alloy
Country	:	India
Authors	:	N. Karunakaran
	:	10.9790/1684-0460108

Abstract: This paper compares temperature distribution and weld bead profiles of constant current and pulsed current gas tungsten arc welded AZ31B magnesium alloy joints. The effect of pulsed current welding on tensile properties, hardness profiles, microstructural features and residual stress distribution are reported. The use of pulsed current technique has been found to improve the tensile properties of the welds compared to those of continuous current welds due to grain refinement occurring in the fusion zone.
Keywords: magnesium alloy, gas tungsten arc welding, pulsed current, temperature distribution, bead profiles, tensile properties.

[1] Senthil Kumar.T, Balasubramanian.V, Babu.S and Sanavullah.M.Y., Effect of pulsed current GTA welding parameters on the fusion
zone microstructure of AA6061 aluminum alloy, Metals and Materials International, Vol.13, No.4, pp. 345-351. 2007.
[2] Prasad Rao K, Reddy G.M. and Gokhale A.A. Grain refinement and improvement of strength and ductility of welds by pulsed current and magnetic arc oscillation techniques, International Welding Conference, New Delhi, pp. 1050-1055. 1999.
[3] Davies CJ and JG Garland Solidification structures and properties of fusion welds, Int. Mater. Review, Vol.20, pp.83-106. 1975.
[4] Kou S and Y.Le Nucleation mechanism and grain refining of weld metal, Welding Journal, Vol 65. pp. 65-70. 1986
[5] Madhusudhan Reddy G, Gokhale A.A and Prasad Rao K Optimization of pulse frequency in pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding of aluminium – lithium alloy sheets, Journal of Material Science & Technology, Vol. 14, pp. 61-66, 1998
[6] Potluri N.B, Ghosh P.K, Gupta P.C and Reddy Y.S - Studies on weld metal characteristics and their influences on tensile and fatigue
properties of pulsed current GMA welded Al-Zn-Mg alloy, Welding Research Supplement, Vol 75, pp 62s-70s. 1996.
[7] Mohandas T and Madhusudhana Reddy G Effect of frequency of pulsing in gas tungsten arc welding on the microstructure and
mechanical properties of titanium alloy welds, Jl. of Mater SciLetters, Vol. 15, pp 626-628,1996.
[8] Balasubramanian V, Ravisankar V and Madhusudhan Reddy G, Effect of pulsed current and post weld aging treatment on tensile
properties of argon arc welded high strength aluminium alloy, Materials Science and Engineering – A, Vol.459, pp.7-18, 2007.
[9] Balasubramanian M, Jayabalan V and Balasubramanian V, A mathematical model to predict impact toughness of pulsed current gas
tungsten arc welded titanium alloy, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol.35, No. 9-10, pp.852-858,
2008.
[10] Lu, M., Kou, S., Power and current distribution in GasTungsten Arcs. Weld. J. Vol 67(2) pp 29s–33s, 1988.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Impact of Compaction Delay on the Engineering Properties of Cement Treated Soil.
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Habeeb Adedeji Quadri, Olabambo Adeyinka Adeyemi, Bunshiya G. Bobzom
	:	10.9790/1684-0460915

Abstract:In a bid to harness some of our local soils at the expense of expensive good quality materials for geotechnical and highway construction gave rise to this study; i.e impact of compaction delay on cement treated soil. Cement was chosen as stabilizer following its efficiency as it improves the mechanical properties of soil .The natural soil sample was obtained manually from a borrow pit that has been left fallow for a long time at a depth of about 1m. The sample was thereafter divided into 4 portions where a portion being natural soil (untreated) and 3 other portions treated/stabilized with cement at 3%, 5%, and 8% by weight of soil were subjected to laboratory analysis (Natural Moisture Content, Atterberg Limits, Particle Size Analysis.
Keywords: UCS (Unconfined Compressive Strength), CBR (California Bearing Ratio), MDD( Maximum Dry Density), OMC (Optimum Moisture Content),SP ( Standard Proctor), WAS(West African Standard)

[1] Muhunthan, B and Sariosseiri, F (2008). ''Interpretation of Geotechnical Properties of Cement Treated Soils'' Washington State
Transportation Centre (TRAC). WA-RD 715.1
[2] Bello, A.A. (2011). ''Influence of Compaction Delay on CBR and UCS of Cement Stabilized Lateritic Soil. The Pacific Journal of
Science and Technology, Volume 12, Number 2, 87-96
[3] Balmer, G.G. (1958). Shear strength and elastic properties of soil-cement mixture under triaxial loading. Portland cements
Association Research and Development Laboratories.
[4] Mitchell, J.K. (1976), ''The properties of Cement-stabilized soils'' Proceeding of Residential Workshop on Materials and Methods
For Low Cost Road, Rail, and Reclamation works, 365-404, Leura, Australia, Unisearch Ltd.
[5] Uddin, K., Balasubramaniam, A.S., and Bergardo, D.T. (1997). ''Engineering behaviours of cement -treated Bangkok soft clay''
Geotechnical Engineering Journal, (28)1, 89-119.
[6] Lo, S.R., and Wardi, S.P.R, (2002). ''Strength and dilatancy of a stabilized by a cement and fly ash mixture. '' Canadian
Geotechnical Journal, 39(1), 77-89.
[7] Clough, G.W., Sitar, N., Bachus, R.C., and Shafii-Rad, N. (1981). ''Cement sands under static loading'' Journal of The
Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, 107 (GT6). 799-817
[8] Rocha, M., Folgue, J., and Esteves, V.P. (1961). ''The application of cement stabilized soils in the construction of earth dams''
Fifth International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering. Paris, France.
[9] Abboud, M.M. (1973). Mechanical properties of cement-treated soils in relation to their use in embankment construction, Ph.D
dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, CA.
[10] Nash, J.K.T.L., Jardine, F.M., and Humphrey, J.D., (1965). ''The economic and physical feasibility of soil-cement dams. ''
Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 2, 517-521, Montreal, Canada.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Influence of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Hardness of Nickel Aluminium Bronze (Cu-10al-5ni-5fe)
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Prabhash Jain, Praveen Kumar Nigam
	:	10.9790/1684-0461621

Abstract: In this investigation two types of heat treatments, solutionizing and ageing were employed to nickelaluminium bronze (NAB alloy) containing 10% Al, 5% Fe and 5% Ni as the alloying elements. Heat treatment was done to access their influence on the microstructural and hardness. Solutionizing temperature carried out at 850oC and 900oC for duration of 30 min, 60 min, 90 min and 120 min. similarly, ageing was carried out at 300oC and 500oC for the duration of 120 min and 180 min. The heat treated samples were subjected to water quenching in order to bring them to ambient temperature. Microstructural studies was also carried out of as cast alloy as well as after Solutionizing and Ageing.Hardness of the samples was measured in as cast and heat treated (solutionized and aged at different temperatures and durations) conditions. The hardness of the alloy increased after the solutionizing and ageing treatments compared to the as cast one. Also, the samples aged at 400oC for 3 hrs attained the highest hardness. Optimization was done based on the best combination of hardness and microstructural homogeneity attained by the samples during the heat treatment.
Key words: NAB, Microstructure, Hardness, Solutionizing, Ageing

[1] Mustafa Yas_ar, Yahya Altunpak, The effect of aging heat treatment on the sliding wear behaviour of Cu–Al–Fe alloys, Materials
and Design 30 (2009) 878–884
[2] Yuanyuan Li, Tungwai Leo Ngai 1, Wei Xia, Mechanical, friction and wear behaviors of a novel high-strength, wear-resisting
aluminum bronze, Wear 197 (1996) 130-136
[3] D.V. Kudashov, R. Zauter, H.R. Muller, Spray-formed high-aluminium bronzes, Materials Science and Engineering A 477 (2008)
43–49
[4] J.A. Wharton, R.C. Barik, G. Kear, R.J.K. Wood, K.R. Stokes, F.C. Walsh, The corrosion of nickel–aluminium bronze in seawater,
Corrosion Science 47 (2005) 3336–3367
[5] CHEN Rui-ping, LIANG Ze-qin, ZHANG Wei-wen, ZHANG Da-tong, LUO Zong-qiang, LI Yuan-yuan, Effect of heat treatment
on microstructure and properties of hot-extruded nickel-aluminum bronze, Trans. Nonferrous Met. SOC. China 17(2007) 1254- 1258
[6] Harry Chandler, Heat Treater's Guide, Practices and Procedures for Nonferrous Alloys, 1996 By ASM International
[7] Thorsten Michler, Jorg Naumann, Influence of high pressure hydrogen on the tensile and fatigue properties of a high strength Cu-
Al-Ni-Fe alloy, international journal of hydrogen energy 35(2010)11373-11377

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Assessment of Capacity Evaluation and Sedimentation of Totla Doh Reservoir,In Nagpur District By Remote sensing Technique.
Country	:	India
Authors	:	S.R.Mandwar, Dr. H.V. Hajare , Dr. A.R.Gajbhiye
	:	10.9790/1684-0462225

Abstract: Water is essential for socio-economic development and for maintaining healthy economic component of growth, poverty reduction and equality. The livelihood of the poorest sector with higher rates of urbanization, increasing demand for drinking water will put stronger by 2030. The next 25 years are challenging to create hydropower stations, the higher food production at lower rate of water consumption, development of Industrial and Agriculture sector and the economical waste water treatments.
Key words: Sedimentation, Reservoir capacity, Satellite Remote Sensing ( SRS ),Mapping of water spread area, Area capacity curves, Cloud free satellite pass, and Evaluation of capacity of reservoir.

[1] N. G . Kuralekar, (1984) Use of Remote Sensing Techniques in the hydrological studies in parts of Solapur of Maharashtra state.
Proceedings of conference on development of ground water resources in Maharashtra. Bombay 222-225.
[2] U. C. Kothyari , Erosion and Sediment Yield : Global and Regional Perspectives ( proceedings of the Exeter Symposium, July 1996 )
IASH Publ. No. 236, 1996.
[3] Reservoir sedimentation Assessment Guide-line by Hydrological Studies and Information Department- SIH- Brasilia DF-2000.
[4] A. K. Sinha, D. Dhar, ( 2005 ) Remote sensing and Geographic Information System ( GIS ) for Water Resources, Investigation,
Development and Management,, All India Seminar on challenging problems in Water Resources Management and Development
,Nagpur 176-179.
[5] Y.V.N. Krishna Murthy, D.S. Pandit, ( 2005 ) Role of Remote Senssing in Water Resources Investigation, Development and
Management. All , India Seminar on challenging problems in Water Resources Management and Development ,Nagpur 167-175.
[6] D. M. More, S. K. Kalvit, (2005). Assessment of Storage Capacity of Pench Project by Remote Sensing Technique. All India
Seminar on challenging problems in Water Resources Management and Development ,Nagpur 180-184.
[7] Technical Report on Sedimentation Assessment and Storage Capacity Evaluation of Totla Doh Reservoir. Dist.- Nagpur through
Satellite Remote Sensing by MERI- Nashik- 2007-08.
[8] Technical Report on Capacity Evaluation and Sedimentation Assessment in Totla Doh Reservoir, Dist.- Nagpur by SRS
Technology. MERI-Nashik-2012-13.