iosr-JMCE   Volume-3 ~ Issue-6

Abstract: Traditionally, load estimating for air conditioning systems is done either by manual calculation or judgmental estimation based on experience of the air conditioning practitioner. While manual calculation is laborious, estimate based on judgment is liable to error due to gigantic, complex and dynamic nature of present day architectural designs. Load estimating through computer automation is likely to make a positive impact in the dynamic nature of air conditioning applications. This study develops computer software in C# .NET (C Sharp dot NET) to handle simple and typical load estimate for air conditioning in developing country (i.e. Bangladesh). Though this study deals with simplified model of a room, this software can be improved to calculate intricate and dynamic nature of load with a very little effort. Currently, there are several commercial packages available in the market not only for the cooling load calculations, but also for other applications of heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems. But, commercial softwares for cooling load estimation and HVAC design are very costly for the peoples of developing countries like Bangladesh. The main objective of this development is to provide a free and easy way to estimate cooling load for air-conditioning.
Keywords:c - Cooling load, CLTD method, HVAC, C# dot NET, CLF, Trace700

[1] ASHRAE, (1997). ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook, American Society of Heating, Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Publishing Service.
[2] ASHRAE, (1989). ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook, American Society of Heating, Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Publishing Service.
[3] B. Kareem, "Load Estimating for Air Conditioning using Computer Software Approach," International Journal of The Computer, the Internet and Management Vol.16. N.o.2 (May-August, 2008) pp 35-43
[4] Shan K. Wang, Handbook of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, 2000.

Abstract:This paper describes a study of the performance of a ventilation system in a typical patient room using CFD modeling and calculations of various ventilation indices. The principal purpose of heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems (HVAC) is to provide conditions for human thermal comfort. Flow simulations with the advent of computer architectures with superfast processing capabilities are rapidly emerging as an attractive alternative to conventional HVAC analysis which is either too restrictive or expensive. Design and operation of a typical ventilation system is fully investigated in this study through HVAC flow simulation. A tool of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is employed to assist the process. The objective is to investigate ventilation system while maintain good indoor thermal and air quality. The Model was designed into Solidworks and a computational domain was created. Solidworks Flow Simulation was used to iterate toward a converged solution with the goal of obtaining comfort criteria of the ventilation system. The results were analyzed and compared with standard values of thermal comfort criteria to validate those results.
Keywords:-HVAC, SolidWorks, simulation, comfort criteria, ventilation, AQI, PPD, PMV

[1] AQI information available at: http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_quality_index
[2] ASHRAE, (1997). ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook, American Society of Heating, Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Publishing Service.
[3] Vladimir Zmhral, FrantsekDrkal, "Measurement of thermal comfort parameters in a space with radiant cooled ceiling"
[4] Fanger, P.O. "Thermal comfort – Analysis and application in environmental engineering," Kingsport Press, Inc.,1972
[5] FarhadMemarzadeh, Ph.D., P.E., Andy Manning, Ph.D. "Thermal Comfort, Uniformity, and Ventilation Effectiveness in Patient Rooms: Performance Assessment Using Ventilation Indices," ASHRAE Transactions: Symposia, MN-00-11-3
[6] Mallick, F.H. "Thermal comfort and building design in tropical climate," Energy and Building, 1996,vol 23. pp. 161-167.
[7] Nicol, J.F."Adaptive thermal comfort standards in the hot-humid tropics,"Energy and Buildings, 2004, pp. 628-637.
[8] ShafizalMaarof, Phillip Jones, "Thermal Comfort Factors in Hot and Humid Region: MALAYSIA"

Abstract: The present energy situation and the pollutions from vehicles running on internal combustion engines in the world have necessitated the need to harness energy from other unconventional sources to power them. Electric Vehicles have been developed to solve this problem, but a sustained energy supply to run these vehicles have been a major drawback. Wind energy from a moving vehicle as one of such unconventional sources could be harnessed and subsequently used to power these vehicles. This paper is directed at the design and numerical modeling of a device for harnessing wind energy from a moving vehicle, which the author called a Vehicular Wind Energy Converter (VWEC). The results from the model show the potential of this device as an on-board charging system for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles.
Keywords:Charging, Electric Vehicle, Emission, Vehicle Speed, Wind Energy

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_car, Retrieved 18th of September, 2012
[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wind turbine, 2008.
[3] Ragheb, M., Vertical Axis Wind Turbine, 2011, 1.
[4] Uguru-Okorie, D.C. 2009. The design and construction of a vehicular wind energy converter, MSc thesis, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2009.
[5] Savonius SJ, The S-rotor and its applications. Mechanical Engineering ,53 (5), 1931, 333 - 338.
[6] Sathyajith Mathew, Wind Energy Fundamentals (Netherlands: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2006), 107 – 111.
[7] A.Y. Qasim1, R. Usubamatov and Z.M. Zain, Test of Impeller Type Vawt in Wind Tunnel. Journal of Sustainable Energy & Environment, 3, 2012, 19-23.
[8] Saha, U.K.and Rajkumar, M. Jaya, On the performance analysis of Savonius rotor with twisted blades. Renewable Energy, 31, (2006), Elsevier Ltd. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2005.08.030, 2005.
[9] Andersen, P. D., Technological Innovation in the Danish Wind Turbine Industry: (In Danish) Samfundslitteratur, Copenhagen, 1993.
[10] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_electric_drive, Retrieved 22nd of September, 2012.

Abstract: Turning is one of the metal cutting operation, is most widely used manufacturing technique in the industry and there are lots of studies to investigate this complex process in both academic and industrial world. Metal cutting operations still represent the largest class of manufacturing operations where turning is the most commonly employed material removal process. Advances in CNC/NC machining and high speed machining technologies have boosted the productivity of machining process. One of the state of the art efforts in manufacturing engineering is to use the FEM for simulation of the metal cutting process. Simulation can increase the understanding of the cutting process and reduce the number of experiments. Researchers find these variables by using experimental techniques which makes the investigation very time consuming and expensive. At this point, finite element modeling and simulation becomes main tool. These important cutting variables can be predicted without doing any experiment with finite element method. In this study the metal cutting process is analyzed with FEM model for 3D simulation of turning process with solid single point cutting tool. This tool is modeled with CATIAV5, and exported STL files and imported in DEFORM 3D. [1]
Keywords:CATIA, Chip formation, Deform-3D, PCBN cutting tool, turning.

[1] DEFORM-3D Version 10 user Manual.

[2] Using Virtual Manufacturing Simulation In 3D Cutting Forces prediction by Gabriela Patrascu, of the ORADEA UNIVERSITY Fascicle of Management and Technological Engineering, Volume VI (XVI), 2007

[3] K.C. Jain and A.K Chitale, A Text book of Production Engineering, Eastern Economy Edition

[4] Dr. P.C. Sharma, A Text book of Manufacturing Technology, S.Chand Publications.

[5] J.S. Strenkowski, J.T Carroll, A Finite Element Model of Orthogonal Metal Cutting, ASME Trans. J. Engineering for Industry, (1985) Vol. 107. 349-354

[6] K.Komopoulos, S.A Erpenbeck, Finite Element Modeling of Orthogonal Cutting, ASME J. Eng. Ind. 113 (1991) 253-267)

[7] Y. Karpat, T. Özel* Process simulations for 3D turning using uniform and variable micro geometry PCBN tools, Int. J. Machining and Mach inability of Materials, Vol. 3, No. 3, 2008

[8] Ceretti, E., Lazzaroni, C., Menegardo, L. and Altan, T. (2000) 'Turning simulations using a three-dimensional FEM code', Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 98, pp.99–103.

[9] Guo, Y. and Dornfeld, D.A. (1998) 'Finite element analysis of drilling burr minimization with a backup material', Transactions of NAMRI/SME, Vol. 26, pp.207–212.

[10] Guo, Y. and Liu, C.R. (2002) '3D FEA modeling of hard turning', ASME Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Vol. 124, pp.189–199.