iosr-JMCE   Volume-2 ~ Issue-1

Abstract: Since hot melts are "No-Water" compounds, they take very less time to attain peak bonding strength. These compounds penetrate into the bonding surfaces prior to cooling. So if the surface is roughened before applying hot melt, it is better able to adhere itself to the surface. Hot melts should be used with polystyrene or polyethylene substrates. The vinyl acrylate is one of the best adhesives for polyurethane. Also in case of polystyrene, vinyl acrylate leads to the formation of a metallic bond with the young's modulus in the range of GPa (quite abnormal for a non metallic substance like polystyrene). To test the strength of the joints, UTM was used. It revealed the data concerning the bonding strength of various adhesives. X-ray diffraction and FTIR revealed the structures of these adhesives.
Keywords: Hot melt adhesive-vinyl acetate-vinyl acrylate-set time-lap joint-butt joint

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Abstract: A few research works have been carried out for the past two decades, so I took research in advanced side. The basic investigation under dynamic loads starts with the estimation of the natural frequencies of the structure or system under consideration. This is an important parameter under dynamic analysis. Hence a detailed study has been carried out on the influence of un-reinforced masonry infill (masonry infill) on fundamental natural frequency of Reinforced Concrete (RC) frames. Masonry infill though considered as non-structural element largely effect the strength, stiffness and ductility of the framed structure during the application of lateral loads such as wind and earthquake loads. Experimental and numerical studies are carried out on 2D and 3D RC frames under different configurations of masonry infill in addition to bare frames. The RC frames are designed and detailed as per the relevant Indian standard codes. A simple numerical method has been formulated to obtain the natural frequencies of RC frames with masonry infill in the FE analysis. Tri-axial shake table is used for the determination of natural frequencies experimentally. These results are compared with the empirical formulae given in national and international codes for finding the natural frequencies. This research program is a part of the project sanctioned by Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India and investigation on 2D frames is carried out at Central Power Research Institute, Bengaluru and at Adhiyamaan College of Engineering, Hosur, focusing on the Response evaluation of RC frames under dynamic loading. This dissertation report consists of design and construction of RC frames, numerical formulation, FE analysis, Shake table tests and comparison of national and international codes.
Keywords: RC frames, Natural frequency, Masonry infill, Shake table

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[5] Han-Seon Lee and Sung-Woo Woo (2002), "Effect of Masonry infills on seismic Performance of a 3-Storey RC Frame with Non Seismic Detailing", Earthquake engineering and structural dynamics, Vol 31, 353-378
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[8] Kaushik, H.B., Durgesh C. Rai and Sudhir K. Jain (2006), "Code Approaches to Seismic Design of Masonry-Infilled Reinforced Concrete Frames: A State-of-the-Art Review", Earthquake Spectra, Vol 22, No. 4, November 2006, 961-983.
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Abstract: The electronic industry is the world's largest and fastest growing manufacturing industry in the world. Discarded electronic and electrical equipment with all of their peripherals at the end of life is termed e-waste. The quantity of c-waste generated in developed countries equals 1% of total solid waste on an average and is expected to grow to 2% by 2011 and is one of the fastest growing waste streams.E-waste consists of ferrous and non ferrous metals, plastic, glass, ceramics, rubber etc. E-waste is valuable source for secondary raw material but harmful if treated and discarded improperly as it contains many toxic components such as lead, cadmium, mercury, polychiorinated biphenlys etc. The presence of lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, selenium and hexavalent chromium and flame retardants beyond threshold quantities in e-waste classifies them as hazardous wastes.
Keywords : E-waste, composition, recycle potential, control techniques.

[1] Bandhopadhyay, A. (2010) "Electronic Waste Management: Indian Practices and Guidelines" International Journal of Energy and Environment 1(5) pp. 193-807
[2] Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal – Document accessed in 10/2010
[3] Sathish Sinha (2006) E-waste Time to Act Now –Toxic Alert, accessed in 10/2010
[4] Radha Gopalan, 2002, A Study on the Indian IT Sector from nautilus.org
[5] Scraping the Hi-tech Myth – Computer Waste in India, 2003, Toxics Link
[6] Indian Institutes of Materials Management/Publications
[7] Environmentally Sound options for E-WASTES Management. By: *Ramachandra T.V..,*Saira Varghesek. Published By: Envis Journal of Human Settlements, March 2009.
[8] Global E-Waste Management & Services (GEMs), Hyderabad.
[9] National Environment Agency of Singapore (NEA). March 1998. Hazardous Waste (Control of Export, Import and Transit) Regulations.

Abstract: The variation of sintered aluminium iron composites with respect to parameters of load, density ratio, aspect ratio and percentage of iron are analyzed. The material properties analyzed are axial stress, axial strain, hoop stress, hoop strain, Poisson's ratio and hydrostatic stress. Symbolic regression equations were generated to accurately predict the effect of parameters on the material properties. The limitations of conventional parametric equation fitting were overcome with the use of symbolic multivariate regression fitting. To achieve this objective, the novel approach of Genetic Programming has been used. The data sets have been taken from the Hydraulic Testing Machine using the sintered component. Data for aspect ratios of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.00; density ratios from 0.8-0.96 and % of iron from 0-8 have been included to find the effect of each parameter on the material properties. The predicted values using Genetic Programming coincided well with the experimental results. The results indicate the efficacy of GP to predict the effect of multiple input parameters on material properties. Further GP can be extended to predict the effect of variation of input parameters on the properties of any composite. The computational model developed will be used to predict the material properties for various iron composition by simple substitution without conducting experiments.
Keywords: GP-Genetic Programming, Al-Fe composite, P/M-Powder Metallurgy, computational model

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