iosr-JMCE   Volume-13 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep-Oct 2016

Abstract: Hip replacement refers to the process in which a damaged hip joint is surgically replaced with an artificial implant. It has been observed that all implants are not safe for use and some can cause serious complications to patient after surgery. A total hip replacement comprised of replacement of entire hip structure using an artificial prosthesis, during this surgical procedure, a stem is inserted into the patient's femur for stability, and a ball replaces the head of the femur & the socket is also replaced with an artificial cup. The hip implantation was usually cemented in place, but it is also find that some surgeons use a cementless approach instead............

Keywords: Artificial hip implants, CNC machining, CT scan, femoral stem, Hip replacement

[1]. Yousef Abu-Amer 1 ,Isra Darwech 2 , John C Clohisy 3 ,Aseptic loosening of total joint replacements: mechanisms underlying osteolysis and potential therapies, Arthritis Research & Therapy Volume 9 Supplement 1, 2007:

[2]. Stephen Richard Knight,1 Randeep Aujla,2 and Satya Prasad Biswas3 , Total Hip Arthroplasty - over 100 years of operative history, Orthop Rev (Pavia). 2011 Sep 6; 3(2): e16.

[3]. Cuckler JM1.The rationale for metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res., 2005 Dec; volume 441:132-6.

[4]. Francesco Traina,1 Marcello De Fine,1 Alberto Di Martino,1,2 and Cesare Faldini1,Fracture of Ceramic Bearing Surfaces following Total Hip Replacement: A Systematic Review Bio-med Research International Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 157247, 8 pages.

[5]. Hallab N, Merritt K, Jacobs JJ "Metal sensitivity in patients with orthopedic implants". (March 2001), volume 83–A (3): 428–36.

Abstract: Laminated hooks are widely used in steel industry. Due to its high load carrying capacity they are use for loading and unloading of material in heavy steel industry. Laminated hook got its name from the process of manufacturing it. they are made of plates which are rivets together. In industry when continuous and unloading occur the failure of hook take place, but in laminated hook when crack or faults occurs the faulty plate can replace by the new one this reduces time and cost. In this project we will calculate the bending stress occurred in hook and the factures effecting its life Weight optimization of hook using topological approach it's taken in to consideration...........

Keywords: Laminated hook, Weight optimization, Stress concentration, ANSYS.

[1] We have successfully optimized the shape of the laminated hook
[2] We have study the structural stresses of hook by photo elastic analysis.
[3] We have assumed factor of safety for design to be 1.2 in testing it turns out to be 1.215 which is 5 % in conformance with the analytical and FEA results.
[4] Load taken by the laminated Hooke before failure in testing is nearly same as design load .
[5] Thermal analysis shows us that the stresses in the hook are within the acceptance criteria for high temperature applications .

Abstract: In this project, it is planned to carry out a complete microstructural characterization of advanced high strength steels (AHSS) currently used in the automotive industry. These steels have an elastic effect, called spring back effect, during the sheet metal forming of parts. This spring back is the main problem of this family of steels during the production process of the structural components of the automotive industry: especially for dimensional problems in automotive structural components. It is therefore necessary to evaluate changes in microstructure during the stages of sheet metal forming in order to know precisely the microstructural and mechanical behavior of material after being subjected to this effect............

Keywords: Springback, dual-phase, steels, air bending, EBSD, industries

[1] Nogueira, A.L., Silva, M.J. Da carroça ao ultraleve reduction. Metalurgia & Materials, vol. 57, n.511, august, 2001.

[2] Kishida, K. (2000). High strength steel sheets for light weight vehicle. Nippon steel technical report, 12-16.

[3] Keeler, S., & Kimchi, M. (2015). Advanced High-Strength Steels Application Guidelines V5.World Auto Steel.

[4] Placidi, F., Vadori, R., Cimolin, F., & Campana, F. (2008). An efficient approach to springback compensation for ultra high strength steel structural components for the automotive field.

[5] Yu, H. Y. (2009). Variation of elastic modulus during plastic deformation and its influence on springback. Materials & Design, 30(3), 846-850.

Abstract: This research work deals with the implication of modern retailing at not only in Dhaka, Bangladesh but also the whole district in Bangladesh with main objectives to find out technological activity, impact on modern welfare. HVAC is the most important side of Bangladesh. It is not only in Bangladesh but also the whole world.

Keywords: Manufacturing, Turbulent flow, Unidirectional airflow, Protection, Infiltration

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