IOSR-JHSS   Volume-3 ~ Issue-2 ~ Sep-Oct-2012

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Characteristics of Environmental Conflicts Caused by Illegal Gold Mining in West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Country	:	Indonesia
Authors	:	Nafsiatun, Priyo Saptomo, Warsun Najib, Hartini
	:	10.9790/0837-0320103

Abstract:Illegal gold mining in West Kalimantan, Indonesia has lasted so long. Based on the survey of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic of Indonesia shows that illegal gold mining area in West Kalimantan spread accros 6 districts, with a mine about 200 point. Illegal gold mining has resulted in damage to the environment of concern. These conditions resulted in vertical and horizontal conflicts that affect people's lives the illegal gold mining area. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of environmental conflicts arising from the illegal gold mining. Research conducted observation is accompanied by an interview in the conflict area. The sample districts selected 3 districts with the highest conflict locations so as to know the character of the conflict in the area.
Keywords: Illegal gold mining, environmental conflicts, West Kalimantan, Indonesia

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Abstract:This paper examined the problems and challenges facing the undergraduate students of the University of Nigeria Nsukka in their use of the digital library of the institution. A sample size of 390 respondents was used, while all seven staff of the digital library in UNN were interviewed. The findings indicated that awareness of the meaning of multi-media is low. The library is being run as an internet café as against the real purpose of a digital/virtual library which should offer virtual access to other libraries, access to e-books among other crucial services. Respondents mentioned slow network as the most important problem, followed by difficulty in reaching needed e-books due to no subscription. Inability to access online books appeared more than power failure as problems. The study recommended that the university administration should show interest in ascertaining the functionality of newly established methods of learning and research to see how well they are going in view of the university's ICT goals and the general ICT policies of Nigeria. The digital library should also regularly renew subscriptions and look for ways to collaborate with other libraries on resource sharing to help students have better and greater access to books stored in other virtual libraries.
Keywords:digital/virtual library, information/communication technology, multi-media, compuer/internet

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Abstract:Health is the key concept to human happiness. It has a pronounced impact in both social and economic development of the society. So, for the all-round development process basic health care facility is the essential criteria. Health care system in the district of Birbhum of West Bengal is very far from the level of satisfaction, especially from the infrastructural point of view. Lacking of this facility leads to inconsistency in the development of basic health care system as well as in overall development of the society. Discrepancies existed both in spatial and temporal scale. The forgoing analysis is an attempt to glean out the level of disparity and role of different factors in such disparity in health care system in the district of Birbhum, West Bengal.
Key Words:Bed – Population Ratio,Dimension Index, Health Index, Doctors – Population Ratio, Medical institution – Population Ratio, Family Welfare Society, Universal Health Coverage.

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Abstract: The present study has determined to explore the condition of 19th century Bengali women by analysing the cinemas of Satyajit Ray. In the 19th century social life of Bengali women was marked as a transition period of their developments. In the first half of this century the women as was confined to social disciplines, on the contrary it was evident that in the works of contemporary Bengali stalwarts social upliftment of women was seen. Although starting of women's liberation from social disciplines started in the second half of the 19th century, the Bengali writers published important truth about these liberations in their contemporary writing. In the composition of 'Debi' of Pravat Kumar Mukhopadhyay and 'Nastanir' of Rabindranath Tagore two different types of pictures were found. In 'Debi' story in the first half of the 19th century social discipline of Bengali women and on the other side in 'Nastanir' novel in the second half of 19th century social liberation of women was pictured by Satyajit Ray centering these two subject 'Debi' and 'Charulata' cinemas. In this research article I have chosen two films of the great director Satyajit Ray such as 'Debi' and 'Charulata' to compare them with the condition of the 19th century Bengali women
Keywords:Film and Society,Bengali Society, Bengali Women, Bengali Film, Satyajit Ray's Cinema, Women in Film

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[9] Kapur Geeta, Cultural Creativity in the First Decade: The Example of Satyajit Ray, Journal of Arts and Ideas, 23(4), January-
1993.
Books:
[10] Banerjee Surabhi, Satyajit Ray: Beyond the Frame, (New Delhi: Allied Publishers, 1996).