IOSR-JHSS   Volume-1 ~ Issue-2 ~ Sep-Oct-2012

Abstract: Introduction: Functional Training is how much certain movement will transfer into the actual activity of sport; it's a matter of neural complexity and central nervous system demand. The aim of this study was to find out the effects of functional training on physical fitness components on college male students.
Procedure: 19 male students from the Dr. Meghnad Saha College of the Gour Banga University, were randomly selected as subjects and their age were 19-25 years served as Functional Training Exercises, its three days per week for the period of eight weeks functional training exercises were given for experiments of a single group design. The functional training exercises was conducted in Ladder Forward & Sideward, Medicine ball throw Overhead-2kg, 3kg & 4kg, Hamstrings/Leg Curl With Stability Ball, Lateral Step Ups, Side Punk/Four Point Stabilizations Series, Forward Step Ups, Modified Pull-Up, Foot elevated hip lifting with medicine ball, Press Up with Stability Ball, Medicine Ball Throw Sideward Direction-4kg, 3kg and 2kg etc. before functional training exercises the functional warming up was to applied for tuning up the all body parts. The selected subjects were measured of their physical fitness components, speed, endurance, muscular endurance, strength, explosive power, agility and flexibility. Descriptive statistics was calculation for statistical treatment.
Finding: The functional training exercises significantly increase speed, endurance, muscular endurance, strength, explosive power, flexibility and agility.
Conclusion: The functional training has significantly improved speed, endurance, muscular endurance, strength, explosive power, flexibility and agility.
Keywords: functional training, physical fitness components, neural complexity, central nervous system demand, descriptive statistics.

[1] Boyle Michael. Functional Training for Sport. Human Kinetics.2004; 1-22.
[2] Burton, Craig. What is functional training? Resistance Training. Body Article.2007; 08-26.
[3] Spennewyn.K. What is Functional Training? Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2008; 22- 1.
[4] Oliver GD, Di Brezzo R. Functional balance training in collegiate women athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2009; (7):2124-9.
[5] Rosch et al. . Assessment and evaluation of football performance. Am J Sports Med. 2000; 28(5): 29-39.
[6] Weiss.T et al. (2010) Effect of functional training resistance training on muscular fitness outcomes in young adults. J Ex Erc Sci Fit. 2010;(2): 113-122.

Abstract: Dylan Thomas is one of the writers who has often been associated with Welsh literature and culture in the last sixty years. He is possibly the most notable Welsh author. Fortunately, it is mainly his literary work, and not his tumultuous lifestyle, that is still associated with him. The analysis of some of his poems mirrors his sincere relationship to Wales. In 1937 he married to Caitlin MacNamara who gave birth to three children. These circumstances indicate a typical British conservative and straight forward approach to family life. Dylan Thomas was influenced in his writing by the Romantic Movement for the beginning of the nineteenth century and this can be seen in a number of his best works. Dylan Thomas uses symbols and images of nature to express how he feels towards death and childhood. He says that images are used to create a feeling of love towards life. Despite Dylan Thomas's obscure images, he expresses a clear message of religious devotion in many of his poems. The style of Dylan Thomas is an opaque poetic style which Thomas used to perfection. He possessed tremendous talent and was blessed with immense gifts that made him a professional success at a relatively young age.
Key words: Dylan Thomas, Romanticism, Poetic Style,

[1] Anderson, M. Robert. "Thoma‟s "A Refusal to Mourn…‟" The Explicator. Vol.38, No.4 (Summer, 1980).
[2] Cox, C.B. "Dylan Thoma‟s "Fern Hill‟ " The critical Quarterly. Vol.1, No.2 (Summer, 1959).
[3] Joshi, Neeta. "Influence of the Welsh Bardic Tradition in the Poetry of Dylan Thomas" Punjab University Research Bulletin. 21 (1990).
[4] Mckay, D.F. "Aspects of Energy in the Poetry of Dylan Thomas and Sylvia Plath" The Critical Quarterly. Vol.16, No.1 (Spring, 1974).
[5] Parshall, F. Peter "Thomas‟s The Force that Through the Green Fuse Drives the Flower". The Explicator. Vol.29, No.8 (April, 1971).
[6] Press, John. "Dylan Thomas: A Refusal to Mourn…., Fern Hill, over Sir John‟s Hill." Notes on Literature. No.74, (September, 1967 ).
[7] Smith, A.J. "Ambiguity as Poetic Shift (Analysis of Dylan Thomas‟s "Our Eunuch Dreams‟)." The Critical Quarterly. Vol.4, No.1 (Spring, 1962).
[8] Terrel, F. Caroll. "Thomas‟s Over sir John‟s Hill." The Explicator. Vol.38, No.4 (Summer, 1980).
[9] Williams Anne. "Thomas‟s Over Sir John‟s Hill." The Explicator. Vol.38, No.4 (Summer, 1980).
[10] Willis, Roger. "Dylan Thomas: Under Milk Wood." Notes on Literature. No.102 (January, 1970).

Abstract: Education plays significant role for human resource development as well as social development. So elementary education and basic education is necessary for any state or nation. Social inertia and infrastructural facility are the essential for systematic development of education. Lacking of this facility leads to inconsistency in the development of basic education. Poverty, early marriage system, poor infrastructural facility and employment opportunities are the factors which retards basic education development in different states of India. The forgoing analysis is an attempt to glean out the role of different for impaired development of basic education in Burdwan District, West Bengal. Key words: Composite Z-score, Composite rank index, Drop out, Never-enrolled population, Sarva Siksha Mission.

[1] YOJANA (2010, January), INDIA CELEBRATING 60 YEARS,
[2] Tilak_India_PBET_WP6_final, http://www.cas.ed.ac.uk/PBET.html.
[3] Mukherjee, Dipa., (2004), EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT IN INDIA : TRENDS, PATTERN AND Policy Issues - http://mpra.ub.uni muenchen.de/4869.
[4] Kingdon Gandhi, Geeta., (2007), THE PROGRESS OF SCHOOL EDUCATION IN INDIA, Website: http://www.gprg.org/
[5] BOOKS:
[6] Goel S.C., (1975), EDUCATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH, The Macmillan Company of India Limited, Delhi.

Abstract: Evaluation of P.I.S.A-2009 shows an average result within the Collége (equivalent to lower secondary levels of O.E.C.D) students of France, but in 2000 E.U seminar 16 quality indicators were identified in which up gradation of science study was one of the major issue of intervention selected by pedagogic. In this study we tried to discriminate the reasons, why the inconsistency in science learning is growing. In this comparative study we tried to analyze firstly the scientific assessment graph of P.I.S.A-2009 in contrast to 2006 in France along with few developed countries. Afterwards we measured the study hours and facility provided by the educational concern from C.E-2 to 2nd. From this study we concluded the concept that due to unavailability and scope of proper guidance if a student become deviated from science stream then it might be call 'science drop out' which certainly happens every academic year at least within few students who are entering in lycées (higher secondary section) after completing their Collége –study. This practice not only creates a bad effect to the individual but also to the economic growth and scientific infrastructural development of the country. Keywords: P.I.S.A, French Collége, O.E.C.D, 16-quality indicator, C.E-2 to 2nd.

Web-site references.
[1] http://www.oecd.org/pisa/46624382.pdf (page-9)
[2] Education in France, en.wikipedia.org.
[3] E.Maryse, School truancy and drop out in France, www.eukn.org › Interviews › 2011
[4] French Primary School - Curriculum,www.french-property.com
[5] Lower secondary school France-curriculum, www.french-property.com
[6] Le Projet Académique 2010 2011,www.ac-nice.fr (page-17)
[7] The state of education no 16 (2006 issue).
[8] Percentage of the population aged 18-24 with at most lower secondary education and not in further education or training. http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/web/table/description.js
[9] Bulletin officiel n°23 of 4th June, 2009
Books.
[10] B, Christian, and R. Establet (2009), L‟élitisme républicain, Seuil, 2009- www.editionsduseuil.fr [11] Woolfolk.A, Edcational psychology, www.pearsoned.co.in (page 370-372).