IOSR-JHSS   Volume-11 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-Jun-2013

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Social Reformations of Jibran Khalil Jibran in the Novel "Al-Ajniha Al-Mutakassira" (The Broken Wings)
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Syed Abdullah Ahmed
	:	10.9790/0837-1130102

Abstract: al-Ajniha al-Mutakassira" is an autobiographical novel authored by the well-known Arabic figure Jibran Khalil Jibran. The novel was first published in 1912. It is regarded as an early experimental work of Khalil Jibran through which he tried his best to reform the Arabic literature and culture. . The book is inspired by painful memories of Jibran's first love for the girl of his dreams whom he met on coming to Lebanon from the United States. The writing style of the book is simple, spontaneous and almost lyrical, with concise expressions and graceful metaphors. In fact, the book deals with tender sentimentality, sweet melodies and glowing colours of youthful heart-palpitations, together with brilliant sketches of Lebanon's beautiful nature in different poses and moods.

[1]. Mahdi, Ismat. Modern Arabic Literature, 1st Edition, Rabi Publisher, Hyderabad-28, 1983, page-147
[2]. Kahlil, Gibran. A Self Portrait, ed. A. R. Ferris, Citadel Press, 1957, p. 33
[3]. Ismat, Mahdi. 1983, Modern Arabic Literature,P. 150
[4]. Khalil Jibran to Marry Haskel… may 6, 1912
[5]. Gibran, Kahlil. The broken Wings, Trans. Anthony R. Ferris. New York, Citadel Press, 1957, p- 44
[6]. Ibid, p- 93
[7]. Ibid, p- 52
[8]. Ibid, p- 20
[9]. Najjar, Nada- "the space in between: The Ambivalence of Early Arab-American Writers." Ph.D. diss. University of Toledo. 1999

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Factors Relating To Technology Integration in Education by the Pre-Service and the In-Service Teachers
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Upasana Singh
	:	10.9790/0837-1130312

Abstract: Bihar is one of the rapidly progressing states of India. However, when on one hand it has emerged as the fastest growing state for the second year running, clocking a scorching 13.1% growth in 2011-12, on the other hand the Gross Enrolment Ratio in both school as well as college education is still much lower here than in many other states of India. As such the Government and other public and private institutions of learning are making a concerted effort to provide technology enabled teaching-learning to increase the access to education, modernize it and bring the education system at par with that of the rest of the states as well as the global system. The present study focuses on four important factors related with the integration of technology in the teaching-learning process by the pre-service and the in-service teachers. These include their technology proficiency, the technology integration done by their faculty, their attitude towards the impact of technology on improving learning and the relationship between the three. The study is quantitative in nature and was conducted on a sample of pre-service and in-service teachers of Patna district of Bihar, India; collected by multistage cluster sampling technique.

Keywords: attitude, faculty integration of technology, in-service teachers, pre-service teachers and technology integration

[1] Planning Commission Report, XIIth Five Year Plan, Planning Commission of India, New Delhi, 2012.

[2] F. Scheffler and J. Logan, Computer technology in schools: What teachers should know and be able to do, Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 31, 1999, 305-325.

[3] D.H. Jonassen and T. Reeves, Learning with computers: Computers as cognitive tools, in D.H. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of research for educational communications and technology, (New York: MacMillan, 1996) 693-719.

[4] B. Means and K. Olson, Technology and education reform (Washington, DC:U.S., 1997).
[5] H.J. Becker, How are teachers using computers in instruction? Paper presented at the 2001 meeting of the American Educational Research Association, 2001, Retrieved from http://www.crito.uci.edu/tlc/FINDINGS/special3/

[6] H.D. Mehlinger, School reform in the information age. Phi Delta Kappan, 1996, 400-407.

[7] K. Sheingold and M. Hadley, Accomplished teachers: Integrating computers into classroom practices (New York: NY, 1990).
[8] A.L. Bryant, Investment in education and technology: The key to preparing for the digital age, in Technos: Quarterly for Education and Technology, Winter, 2000, Retrieved from http://www.findarticles.com/cf_dls/m0HKV/4_9/68951437/p1/article.jhtml.

[9] L. Cuban, Oversold and underused: Computers in the classroom (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001).

[10] A.D. Thompson, D.A. Schmidt and N.E. Davis, Technology collaborative for simultaneous renewal in teacher education, Educational Technology, Research and Development, 51(1), 2003, 73-89.