IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-2 ~ Issue-2 ~ Nov–Dec 2012

Abstract: Saltwater intrusion is a threat to groundwater quality in most coastal environment of the world. Groundwater quality assessment of Igbokoda coastal area, southwestern Nigeria have been undertaken using geostatistical techniques. Groundwater in the area has overall water quality index of 303, EC of 67- 2,440μS/cm and relatively high hydrochemical concentrations in mg/L of Na (3 .56-624.14), Zn ( 0.05-0.85), Fe (0.01-13.74), Mn (0.00-1.00) and Cl (72-2592). Furthermore, six factors, accounting for 77.09% of the total variance were identified. Factor 1 (Na+, K+, Cl-, EC and TDS), factor 2 (Mg2+ and SO4 2- ), factor 3 (Fe2+ and Mn4+), factor 4 (Ca2+ and TH), factor 5 (HCO3 - and Cu2+) and factor 6 (NO3 - and Zn2+). Factors 1, 2 and 3 represent ions with dominant hydrochemical concentrations and constitute the main geogenic solute input to the groundwater of the area while factors 4, 5 and 6 are indicators of anthropogenic interference. Piper diagram revealed largely Na-(K)-Cl-SO4 water type as brackish water and minor occurrence of Ca-(Mg)-HCO3 water type as freshwater. Finally, this study revealed the usefulness of geostatistical methods in the hydrochemical data interpretation indicating geogenic and anthropogenic solute input sources into the deteriorating poor groundwater quality in the study area.
Keywords:Coastal aquifers, Geostatistical techniques, Saltwater intrusion, Hydrochemical , Water quality index.

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Abstract: Ethnobotanical studies on diversity patterns and their economic importance during 2009-2011 have been surveyed. The documentation of data based on taxonomical status of useful flora and their economic importance have been established. 120 potent species belonging to 23 Orders and 55 families have been documented and 37 valuable species have been identified. This study also precautioned to take immediate step to conserve these precious resources before these get extinct.

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Abstract: This study is the second of two publications that investigates the nutritional composition of horse eye (Dioclea reflexa) seed in terms of some functional and physicochemical properties of the seed and the seed-oil. The functional properties of the seed flour revealed that the water absorption capacity (WAC) was 94.67 ±0.05%, conductivity 1856 us/cm. The effects of temperature variations on swelling and solubility powers in % were (159.12 ±0.02 and 8.00 ±0.10), (157.48± 0.10 and 7.92 ±0.50), (153.88 ±0.20 and 5.36 ±0.06) and (129.96 ±0.40 and 2.12 ±0.02) at 65oC, 75oC, 85oC and 95oC respectively. The physicochemical properties showed specific gravity to be 0.9456g/cm, saponification value (197.88 ±0.20mgKOH/g), iodine value (152.44 ±0.10gI2/100g), peroxide value (9.97±0.05meq/kg) and acid value (6.934 ±0.10mgKOH/g). The vitamin C content of the seed-oil was found to be 4.98 ±0.50%. The results of this research work revealed that Dioclea reflexa seed and seed-oil could be a good replacement to the ever increasing demand for conventional oils and flours after proper refining.
Keywords: Dioclea reflexa, seed, seed-oil, flour, physicochemical, functional, replacement, refining.

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Abstract:The study aimed at investigating the quality of ogi made from malted millet. The fermented paste was made from millet at various levels (0, 5, 10%) of millet malts. The AOAC method was used for proximate composition of the samples revealed increase in moisture, crude fibre, protein and ash contents with the increasing malting levels. The level of protein increase suggests a clear value and nutritional advantage in infants, children and adults at large. It also showed from the study that there was decrease in the levels of fat and carbohydrate and viscosity. Through the quality evaluation of the samples, they were all rated acceptable and this was determined through the consumers of ogi porridge that have been well familiar with its quality. Hence, the ogi produced from malted millet contains high nutrients than those made from unmalted cereals.
Key words: Quality assessment, ogi porridge, malted millet

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Abstract: Present work deals with fundamental investigation on the adsorption of methylene blue by crushed biomass of Cicer arientinum is conducted in batch conditions. The effect of parameters such as contact time, sorbent dose, pH and temperature has been studied. Adsorption kinetic modeling data were found out. The kinetics of biosorption results shows that sorption process is well explained by pseudo–second order model with determination coefficients 0.980-0.992 for S-I under all experimental conditions. The value Kp is found to be 0.0498 The sorption mechanism was determined by Weber and Morris intraparticle diffusion model. Thermodynamic parameter viz KD, ΔG have also been calculated to determine the spontaneity of the process.
Key Word: Crushed Biomass S-I, Methylene Blue, Kinetic modeling, Thermodynamic Modelling.

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