Volume-1 ~ Issue-5
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Legislative Oversights and Budget Performance in Nigeria: Issues & Policy Options |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Ehigiamusoe, Uyi Kizito & Umar, Aminu |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0150112  |
Abstract: Budget implementation in Nigeria has been a burning issue since the advent of democracy in 1999. Several reasons have been adduced for the poor performance of federal government capital budgets. These include late presentation, passage, and assent to the budget; late release of funds to and poor capacity utilization of Federal Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs). But much attention has not been given to the role of legislative oversights in this regards. Consequently, this paper examines the role of legislative oversights in budget performance. Using survey method, descriptive statistics and analytical approach, the paper analyzed both primary and secondary data. The findings of the study revealed that oversight activities have increased tremendously in Nigeria since 1999, but they have not been very effective in reducing corruption and accelerating budget performance of MDAs. The paper therefore recommended policy options on how to utilize legislative oversight activities as instruments for promoting targeted budget outcomes. Keywords: Legislative Oversights; Budget Performance; Ministries, Department and Agencies (MDAs); Corruption; Public Finance.
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[2]. Corder, Hugh (1999). Report on Parliamentary Oversight and Accountability. Prepared by the Law Faculty of the University of Cape Town. October, 18.
[3]. Dorotinsky, William & Yasuhiko, Matsuda (2002). "Reforma de la gestión financiera en América Latina: Unaperspectiva Institucional,‟ Reforma Democracia 23:141-166.
[4]. Griffith, Gareth (2005). Parliament and Accountability: The Role of Parliamentary Oversight Committees. Revised version of a discussion paper prepared for the ASPG Conference on Parliament and Accountability in the 21st Century. Sydney, 6-8 October.
[5]. Hubbard, Rutherford (2012). Need for Parliamentary Oversight for Governance and Accountability. Daily FT, February 15.
[6]. Kuruppu, C. & Gårseth-Nesbakk, L. (2012). Accountability Limitations with respect to Parliamentary Oversight: A case of Norway and Sri Lanka, Bodo Graduate School of Business University of Nordland 8049 Bodo, Norway.
[7]. Langdon, Steven (2012). Parliamentary Oversight as a Mechanism for Accountability
[8]. Lienert, I. (2009) Legislative Oversight and Budgeting – A World Perspective.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Assessment of Private Sector Financing of Electricity Infrastructure in Nigeria |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Ahmed, A., Landi, J. H |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0151324 |
Abstract: There is a huge deficit in the infrastructure sector of the Nigerian economy. The country generates less than 4000 Mega Watts of electricity for a population of about 160 million people. Because of the low generation of electricity in Nigeria, load shedding is the order of the day. Consumers are forced to do without grid supplied electricity for the most part of the day. All governments' efforts to reverse the dismal performance of the industry failed to produce the desired effects. In 2005, government introduced market reform through the Electric Power Sector Reform Act (EPSR) to reform and restructure the industry to allow for private sector participation in the financing of electricity generation infrastructure as a way of boosting electricity supply to the national economy. However private investment flow to NESI has been slow. The research sought to find out the reasons for the slow pace of private sector investment flow to the industry. Structured questionnaires using Likert scale were distributed to top management of privately licensed firms to generate data for analysis. Multiple regressions were used for data analysis. The analysis reveals a significant influence of the independent variables on the DV with p =0.000< 0.005. This therefore shows that government policy of meeting the generation needs of the electricity industry could be met through the participation of the private sector. However a lot needs to be done to fast track the flow of private investment to the industry.
Key words: Electricity Generation, Private Investment, Infrastructure, Power Project Finance and Government Incentives.
[1]. Adenikinju, A. (2005) Analysis of the Cost of Infrastructure Failure in a Developing Economy; the Case of Electricity Sector in Nigeria. AERC Research Paper 148, Nairobi.
[2]. Ahmed, M. (2010). An Overview of Infrastructure Finance in Nigeria: Current Situation, Challenges, and Way Forward. A paper presented at the CBN Infrastructure Finance Conference held at the Sheraton Hotel and Towers Abuja) 6th to 7th December
[3]. Ajayi, G.A. 1995. Cost-Benefit Analysis of Captive Power Generation by ManufacturingIndustries in Nigeria. Unpublished PhD thesis, Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan as cited in Adenikinju, A.(2005) Analysis of the Cost of Infrastructure Failure in a Developing Economy; the Case of Electricity Sector in Nigeria. AERC Research Paper 148, Nairobi
[4]. Arrow, K. and M. Kurz (1970): Public investment, the rate of return and optimal fiscal policy. Johns Hopkins as cited in Calderon C and Servan L (2008) Infrastructure and Economic Development.World Bank Policy Working Paper no 4712.
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[9]. Cameron,G. (1996) Infrastructure in the 21st Century Economy; Overview of Summary and Findings. IWR report 96-FIS 23.
[10]. Coakes , S. J. (2005) SPSSv12 for Windows: Analysis without Anguish. John Wiley and Sons Ltd , Sydney, Australia.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Technological Parameters in Aggregate Agricultural Production Function – A Study in Three Revenue Mandals of Nellore District: Andhra Pradesh |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Dr. E. Lokanadha Reddy, Dr. D. Radhakrishna Reddy |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0152535 |
Abstract: Agriculture occupies a pivotal place in the national economy. Therefore, its performance is of vital concern to the planners. The size and speed of agricultural development would naturally determine the shape of things in the rest of the economy. The impact of new farm technology has not been enough to alter significantly the trend rate of crop production. Not only is our agrarian economy, capitally deficient but it is also backward in the field of technology. Our peasantry is still by and large using the age old techniques for production. The study aims to analyse the Aggregate Agricultural Production Function and Resource use efficiency based on entire sample of Farms in Three Revenue Mandals of Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh. Data was collected for the explanatory and explained variables with the help of survey method through personal interviews of the farmers selected through mixed sampling in three revenue mandals of Nellore district. Regression co-efficients are estimated to study the relationship between gross output and various factors of production. By studying the Marginal Value Products of factors of production, we assessed the relative importance of factors of production. The sum of the elasticities and their statistical significance was also studied.
Key Words: Aggregate Agricultural Production Function, Marginal Cost, Marginal Value Product, Ordinary Least Squares Method, Regression Co-efficients.
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