iosr-JECE   Volume-3 ~ Issue-5

Abstract: A single layer, single feed compact slotted patch antenna is thoroughly simulated in this paper. Resonant frequency has been reduced drastically by cutting two different slots. The first one is the combinations of two triangular and another rectangular slot at the upper right corner and rest is bilateral triangle at the lower left corner from the conventional microstrip patch antenna. Simulated antenna size has been reduced by 48.11% with an increased frequency ratio when compared to a Conventional microstrip patch antenna.
Keywords:Bandwidth, Compact, Patch, Resonant frequency, Slot

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Abstract:Free space optical communication is widely used for long range of distance operating under weak to strong turbulence conditions. In the existing method, many ideas have been proposed to analyze the performance of FSO links. To mitigate the effect of turbulence, error control codes and spatial diversity are used. This literature survey deals with the BER performance and turbulence effects on FSO links in the existing method.
Keywords:Atmospheric turbulence, bit error rate, coherent detection, free space optical communication, spatial diversity

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Abstract: Image registration is a key operation to spatially align two or more images for comparing the difference between them or exploiting complementary information from those images. The main objective regarding automatic registration of satellite images is to obtain an accurate set of tie points and then apply the transformation function which is most suitable to the pair of images to be registered. A considerably large number of approaches may be found in the literature regarding the automatic obtention of tie points being mainly area- or feature-based methods by means of the image intensity values in their close neighborhoods, the feature spatial distribution, or the feature symbolic description. Automatic image registration is still a present challenge for the remote sensing community. Although a wide variety of image registration methods have been proposed in the last few years, there are several drawbacks which avoid their common use in practice. The recently proposed scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) approach has already revealed to be a powerful tool for retrieval of tie points in general image processing tasks, but it has a limited performance when directly applied to remote sensing images. A robust and efficient method for AIR(Automatic Image Registration) is proposed, which combines image segmentation and SIFT, complemented by an outlier removal stage. The reference and unregistered images may differ in translation, rotation, and scale and may present distortions. The performance of this method is evaluated through measures such as Nred, RMSall, RMSLOO, Pquad, Bad Point Proportion: BPP(r), Scat, Cost Function (φ).
Keywords:Automatic Image Registration (Air), Image Segmentation, Optical Images, Scale Invariant Feature Transform (Sift), Principle Component Analysis (Pca).

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