iosr-JECE   Volume-1 ~ Issue-5

Abstract: The optical fiber communication system has different designs and implementations. In this work, two light sources were used in the optical system , a diode laser of a wavelength (532nm) and a light emitting diode of a wavelength 820nm . Multimode optical fiber is used as a channel and PIN photodiode is used as an optical detector . For each light source, the power budget for the optical design and the power-current curve have been measured by using the experimental results.
Keywords: Opticalfiber, Commnucation System, PIN,DiodeLaser,LED

Books:
1. Agrawal, Govind P. Fiber-Optic Communication Systems. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Isbn 0-471-21571-6) (2002).
2. John M. Senior, 'Optical Fiber Communications Principles And Practice', Second Edition, Prentice Hall International, 1992.
3. Govind P. Agrawal, "Lightwave Technology Telecommunication Systems", John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2005. Thesis:
4. Z. Ghassemlooy, "Optical Fiber Communication Systems Lecture Notes", Electronics & It Division School of Engineering, Sheffield Hallam University U.K.
5. Stefan Nilsson-Gistvik, "Optical Fiber Theory for Communication Networks", Second Edition, Ericsson Network Technologies AB Hudiksvall Sweden, 2002.

Abstract— The proposed method defines the problem of reducing the complexity of H.264 decoding. Since deblocking accounts for a significant percentage of H.264 decoding time. Observing that branch operations are costly and that in the deblocking process there are events with significantly high probability of occurrence. The idea of Hybrid optimization to speed up the boundary strength derivation and the true-edge detection by taking advantage of the biased statistical distribution is applied. The proposed techniques can reduce the deblocking computation time, while maintaining the bit-exact output.
Keywords- Deblocking, H.264 Decoding, Boundary Strength, Optimization

[1] Advanced Video Coding for Generic Audiovisual Services, ITU-T Rec. & ISO/IEC 14496-10 AVC, version 4, 2005.
[2] Lin and T. Chang, "Fast block type decision algorithm for intra prediction in H.264 frext," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Image Process., vol. 1. Genoa, Italy, Sep. 2005, pp. 585–588.
[3] G. N. Rao, "Real-time software implementation of H.264 baseline profile video encoder for mobile and handheld devices," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Acoustics, Speech Signal Process., vol. 5. Toulouse, France, May 2006, pp. 457–460.
[4] K. Ugur1, "Generating H.264/AVC compliant bitstreams for lightweight decoding operation suitable for mobile multimedia systems," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Acoustics, Speech Signal Process., vol. 2. Toulouse, France, May 2006, pp. 33–36.

Abstract: With the growing popularity of digital Medias through the WWW, intellectual property needs copyright protection, prevention of illegal copying and verification of content integrity. The new data hiding techniques need to be developed that satisfy the requirements of imperceptibility, robustness, capacity, or data hiding rate and security of the hidden data in order to keep the distribution of digital multimedia work both profitable for the document owner and reliable for the customer. The LSB Modification and DCT are two techniques are analyzed by using various distortion metrics to verify the methods for their robustness
Keywords: Image watermarking, Discrete Cosine Transform, Robustness

[1] Ingemar J. Cox,Joe Kilian, Tom Leighton, Talal G. Shamoon on "Secure Spread Spectrum Watermarking from Multimedia, IEEE,
ICIP‟ 97, volume 6, Santa Barbara, California, USA, October 1997.
[2] Maryline Charrier, Diego Santa Cruz, and Mathias Larsson, JPEG2000, the Next Millennium Compression Standard for Still
Images. In Proceedings of the IEEE, ICMCS "99volume 1,
[3] Mahalingam Ramkumar, Ali N. Akansu, and A. Aydın Alatan. A robust data hiding, Florence Italy, June 1999
scheme for images using DFT. In Proceedings of the 6th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP‟ 99,, Kobe,
Japan, October 1999 .
[4] Improved Wavelet-Based Watermarking Through Pixel-Wise Masking Mauro Barni, Member, IEEE, Franco Bartolini, Member,
IEEE, and Alessandro Piva, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGEPROCESSING, VOL. 10, NO. 5, MAY 2001
[5] Digital Image Watermarking in the wavelet transform domain, Diplomarbeit, Peter Meerwald, Salzburg,am , 11 Janner 2001.
[6] A. G. Bors, "Watermarking Mesh-Based Representationsof 3-D Objects Using Local Moments," IEEE Trans. on Image Processing,
vol 15, no., Mar. 2006. © IEEE
[7] Ram Ratan, "Invisible Messages‟
[8] M.KutterandF.A.P.Petitcolas."AFair Benchmark for Image Watermarking Systems‟, vol.3657 International Society for Optical
Engineering.
[9] Ingemar J. Cox, Joe Kilian, Tom Leighton and Talal Shamoon. "A Secure, Imperceptable yet Perceptually Salient,
Spread Spectrum Watermark for Multimedia‟,
[10] K.K.Wong,C.H.Tse,K.S.Nag and L.M.Cheng. "Adaptive Watermarking‟,IEEE transactions on Consumer
lectronics,vol.43,Nov.1997